On 8 October 2005, one of the most destructive earthquakes ever to strike Pakistan occurred in the Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP in northern Pakistan (Figure 1). The earthquake occurred at 8:50 a.m. local time on a Saturday morning when all the businesses, schools, and government offices were open. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.6 with a depth of 26 km (U.S. Geological Survey, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2005/usdyae/). Damage was widespread over a region of almost 30,000 km2. The total economic loss due to damage and destruction is estimated to be...
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