Earthquake early warning systems use seismic networks, rapid telemetry, and software algorithms to detect an earthquake immediately after its inception, estimate its damage potential, and disseminate a warning to surrounding communities before peak ground shaking occurs. Earthquake Alarm Systems, or ElarmS, is an earthquake early warning system developed in California. The ElarmS algorithm recognizes earthquakes from the initial P-wave arrivals at seismometers near the epicenter. The characteristics of the P wave, including amplitude and frequency, are used to estimate a final magnitude for the event. P-wave arrival times from several stations are combined to estimate the hypocenter of...
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