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NARROW
The Skellefte district has been one of the most important mining districts of Europe for the last century, as it hosts close to 90 volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and occurrences, including the Kristineberg, Renström, and Au-rich Boliden VMS deposits. Several lode Au (±Te), porphyry Cu-Au, pegmatite-hosted rare-metal, and Ni deposits and occurrences are present in the district as well, including deposits such as Björkdal and Tallberg. This trip visited active mines and advanced-stage exploration and development projects.
The 21st in the series of SEG Foundation-sponsored student field trips provided the opportunity to assess the stratigraphic, structural, and mineralogical characteristics of Tertiary-age low- and high-sulfidation precious metal deposits of the Walker Lane, SW Nevada. Southwest Nevada hosts numerous examples of these deposit types. Tectonism in the region created the basin and range which provides vast areas of geologic exposure. This complex structural history, punctuated with eras of igneous activity, makes exploring and mining in the Great Basin a rewarding experience.
Myanmar is richly endowed in natural resources that include tin, tungsten, copper, gold, zinc, lead, nickel, and silver, as well as gemstones. The material covered over a nine-day field trip explores the country’s complex geology, which reflects a collisional history stretching from the Late Triassic to at least Miocene, sited at the eastern end of the India-Asia suture. The country can be divided into three principal metallotects: the Wuntho-Popa magmatic arc, with granites and associated porphyry-type and epithermal Cu-Au mineralization; the Slate Belt (also called the Mogok-Mandalay-Mergui Belt), with multiple precollisional I-type and postcollisional S-type crustal melt granites that host significant tin-tungsten mineralization, and which also are host to a number of orogenic gold deposits; and the Shan Plateau with massive sulfide-type and also MVT-style lead-zinc-silver deposits.
This field course provides opportunities to assess the stratigraphic, structural, and mineralogical complexities of Carlin-type disseminated gold deposits of northern Nevada, the giant carbonate replacement (manto) gold deposits, and will discuss the geologic models that have been proposed for their formation. This was a virtual field trip.
This guidebook on the gold and magmatic Cu-Ni-PGE deposits of Lapland highlights deposit characteristics, their diversity, and temporal and spatial relationships. The tectonic setting and relationship to the general geodynamic evolution of the Fennoscandian Shield are examined as well. In addition, deposit-scale controls and structural features are considered to understand the ore genesis. Areas covered include the Portimo Layered Complex, Kevitsa intrusion, Pahtavaara gold mine, Sakatti deposit, Risti and Launi gold projects, Mustajärvi orogenic gold occurrence, Suurikuusikko gold deposit (Kittilä mine), and Rjapalot gold-cobalt project.
The material covered over this six-day field trip explores the regional stratigraphy, tectonic setting, and mineral deposits of the central Sierra Madre Occidental and western part of the Mesa Central in Mexico. The course builds on similar field trips held in 1997, 2003, and 2014, adding updates of the geology based on new studies and opening of new roads in this rugged and poorly accessible region. A completely new section presents a detailed overview of the geology of the classic San Dimas mining district and the Sabinas and La Colorada mines. A road trip log with descriptions of each stop is included.
Over the course of a week, participants of this student field trip visited several epithermal and porphyry precious metal deposits in the Maricunga belt and copper-silver IOCG and manto deposits in northern Chile, with visits to active open-pit and underground operations, including Punta del Cobre, Atacama Kozan, Las Luces, El Guanaco, and Marimaca, as well as drill core reviews of exploration projects at Caspiche, Cerro Casale, and Salares Norte. The geology and mineralization of these deposits was studied in the context of regional and local geological settings, focusing on their similarities and differences, ore resources, deposit models, and exploration methods; the strong structural control on most of the deposits was highlighted. The guidebook includes detailed course itinerary and route map.
The Colorado Plateau and specifically the Paradox basin of southeastern Utah, southwestern Colorado, and adjacent states provides a superbly exposed natural laboratory to consider what drives fluid flow in sedimentary basins and what are its manifold consequences for mineral resources. The rich geologic context reveals multiple types and scales of fluid-driven and fluid-mediated phenomena. The focus of the material from this field trip is on Cu and U(-V) ore systems in Mesozoic rocks, their settings and deposit-scale geologic characteristics, evidence for their timing, their links to broader flow systems including antecedent or contemporaneous petroleum systems, and what colocated modern fluid systems can illustrate. The guidebook includes a course map for the four-day trip.
This field course examined active mines and exploration projects, geochemical and geophysical data, and tectonic setting to address a series of questions about lithium and gold deposits. The course was held over four days in conjunction with the SEG 2018 Conference and started and ended in Reno, Nevada. The detailed road log describes stops at Angel Island, Clayton Valley, Eastside Project, Tonopah, Rhyolite Ridge, Round Mountain, Montezuma Range, and Hasbrouck Mountain.
Student Field Trip 17 visited a number of paleoplacer and orogenic gold deposits throughout southwest Ghana over a week. The itinerary and route map include visits to active open-pit and underground operations, including Damang, Iduapriem, Nkran/Esaase, Obuasi, Prestea-Bogosu, and Wassa, as well as exploration projects at Homase-Akrokerri, all hosted within the Birimian Supergroup. The course material covers the geology and mineralization of these deposits in the context of regional and local geological settings, focusing on their similarities and differences, ore resources, deposit models, and exploration methods.
This guidebook provides copies of the key previously published papers of Climax, Henderson and Leadville districts. This is a departure from the traditional SEG. Guidebook format in that it does not contain new papers of the deposits. The Climax and Henderson porphyry Mo and Leadville district carbonate-hosted manto deposits are within the Colorado Mineral Belt, a mineralized belt that contains the mostproductive porphyry molybdenum and some of the largest base- and precious-metal manto deposits in the world. Since the discovery of molybdenum-bearing stockwork veinlets at Climax in 1879, the Urad orebody in 1914, and Henderson in 1964, collectively these mines have produced over 2.9 billion pounds of Mo. In late 2009, Henderson produced its billionth pound of molybdenum and in 2012 Climax commissioned a new concentrator and is now producing ore from an open pit. Significant published reserves remain and for both Climax and Henderson that total 1 billion pounds of molybdenum metal. The Leadville district is noted for its long history of production having produced 3.1 million ounces of gold, 260 million ounces of silver and significant base metals since its discovery in 1860, research on carbonate-hosted Ag-Zn-Pb-(Au) deposits, and the founding of the Guggenheim mining fortune, including the formation of ASARCO, Inc.
Northern Nevada is so intensely mineralized that it offers the opportunity to visit mining districts where multiple commodity types have been explored for and mined over the past 150 years. The region is host to a plethora of deposit types, from synsedimentary stratiform bedded barite (exhalative) to sedimentary, igneous related porphyry copper and molybdenum, skarns, and all manner of epigenetic occurrences (veins, mantos, etc.). The material for this week-long field trip covers a number of gold deposits located in and around historic mining districts throughout northern Nevada. The guidebook includes a detailed itinerary and route map.
The Eastern Pontide district is richly endowed in world-class bimodal felsic-type volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) base metal mineralization and related deposit styles. The region is considered to be one of the major metallogenic districts, since it is host to numerous bimodal felsic-type VMS deposits of varying sizes and reserves. Key examples were examined during this three-day field trip, including the Çayeli, Murgul, Lahanos, and Kızılkaya deposits. The guidebook includes road logs and detailed information for each stop.
The guidebook for this nine-day field trip covers seven ore deposits in central and southern British Columbia comprising five operating mines and two advanced-stage projects. In addition, the geology of the Mount Polley Mine is discussed. The material introduces the theme of the field trip, and for the sites visited presents a summary of the general characteristics of each, accompanied by satellite photos, geological and alteration maps, cross sections, reserve and/or resource calculations, as well as at least two key references. A route map and a detailed itinerary are included.
The Biga Peninsula in northwestern Turkey, located within the Tethyan metallogenic belt, is an emerging gold-copper district with a number of new discoveries in the last two decades. The course material covers visits to Gömeç (Au, Ag), Tepeoba (Cu, Mo, Au), Balya (Pb, Zn) active operations and Kestanelik (Au), TV Tower (Au, Ag, Cu), and Halilağa (Au, Cu, Mo) deposits. The five-day field trip was part of the SEG-MJD 2016 Conference, Tethyan Tectonics and Metallogeny (SEG 2016), taking place September 25–28, 2016, in Çesme, Izmir, Turkey, which was jointly hosted by the Society of Economic Geologists (SEG) and the Turkish Association of Economic Geologists (MJD). Road logs for each stop are included in the course materials.
The Rhodope-Serbo-Macedonian massif in northern Greece and southern Bulgaria represents a world-class case to study exhumation processes in an extensional back-arc setting, looking at supra-detachment basin formation, contemporaneous magmatism, and gold mineralization, analogous to the Basin and Range Province of the western United States and elsewhere. This field trip examined four different magmatic-hydrothermal systems in the Rhodope metallogenetic province. The guidebook contains five papers that describe the characteristics of the selected systems, including detailed guides for each day of the four-day field trip.
The material for this field trip covers only one stop: the abandoned workings and associated dump of the Mineral Hill mine, which is located on state land surrounding the Liberty Reservoir, Carroll County, Maryland. The mine is located approximately 15 miles west-northwest of the city of Baltimore in the Eastern Piedmont province of the Central Appalachians. Mineral Hill contains notable clastic-sedimentary and exhalative components, as well as an association with mafic and ultramafic rocks. A road log from the Baltimore Convention Center to the primary mine dump is included.
Placer deposits are somewhat unusual in terms of the relative ease with which excavation, processing, and remediation occur. Participants in this field trip observed heavy mineral deposits in several settings in Virginia, ranging from Tertiary outcrops of ancient shorelines to modern beaches where new deposits are currently being formed. The trip also included a visit to ILUKA Resources Inc., an active heavy mineral placer mining site in Stony Creek, Virginia. This guide includes road log and information for each stop in the two-day trip, including an optional site in Maryland.
This SEG Foundation-sponsored student field trip visits a varied group of seven major deposits of Cu, Au, Ag and/or Mo, including porphyry, skarn, manto/replacement, epithermal vein and breccia-style deposits. Examination of open-pit exposures, drill cores, and outcrops focus on recognizing the characteristics of porphyry, skarn and epithermal mineral assemblages, including study of the distribution and zoning of ore-forming minerals, variations in alteration assemblages, multiple intrusion/mineralization events, hydrothermal processes and their geochemical signatures.
This SEG Foundation-sponsored student field trip visits fivemajor Cu-Mo porphyry deposits and two advanced exploration projects. A mill complex visit is also included. Examination of open pit exposures, drill cores from mines and exploration prospects, and outcrops will focus on recognizing the characteristics of porphyry and skarn mineral assemblages, including study of the distribution and zoning of ore-forming minerals, variations in alteration assemblages, multiple intrusion/mineralization events, hydrothermal processes and their geochemical signatures. Additionally, the Mission orebody and the Rosemont copper deposit are superb examples of Laramide orebodies that have been tilted and dismembered by major post-mineralization tectonic events characterized by low-angle faulting. Recognition of post-mineralization structural features is an important key in exploration for these types of deposits.