The need to understand and manage earth systems means that information on the temporal and spatial behavior of these systems is needed. The typical approach used in obtaining this information is through long-term monitoring efforts. However, many of these efforts are less than successful. There are several reasons for this:

The goal of environmental monitoring should be to meet stakeholder objectives. Multiple stakeholders, with multiple objectives (which can be operational, regulatory, and/or scientific) should be involved in development of a long-term monitoring strategy at a specific site. These stakeholders and objectives can and do change over the life of the...

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