... precursors to eruption, we must scrutinize the varied signals emerging from restless calderas with the goal of discriminating magmatic, hydrothermal, and hybrid phenomena. © 2008 by the Mineralogical Society of America 2008 Yellowstone caldera volatiles heat supervolcano TABLE 1...

... to ascend into the crust. The top of the conductive layer is at its shallowest, in the upper crust, directly beneath the modern Yellowstone supervolcano. The most striking feature in all of the inverse solutions is a large, interconnected conductive body extending from the Yellowstone caldera at least 200...

... as the mechanisms that trigger such eruptions, is important for assessing the probability and risk of future eruptions at active supervolcanoes ( Lowenstern et al., 2006 ). Seismic tomography of large active systems of the Yellowstone (northwest United States) and Toba (Indonesia) supervolcanoes reveals complex...

... Lowenstern JB ( 2005 ) Truth, fiction and everything in between at Yellowstone . Geotimes 50 : 18 – 23 Lowenstern JB , Hurwitz S ( 2008 ) Monitoring a supervolcano in repose: Heat and volatile flux at the Yellowstone Caldera . Elements 4 : 35 – 40 Lowenstern JB , Smith...

...David A. John Abstract Do supervolcanoes form metallic ore deposits? If so, what types of deposits do they form and how large are they? supervolcano metallic ore deposits hydrothermal systems supervolcano life cycle ash-flow caldera © 2008 by the Mineralogical Society of America...

... geometry . Bulletin of Volcanology 59 : 198 – 218 Lowenstern JB , Hurwitz S ( 2008 ) Monitoring a supervolcano in repose: Heat and volatile flux at the Yellowstone Caldera . Elements 4 : 35 – 40 Mason BG , Pyle DM , Oppenheimer C ( 2004 ) The size and frequency...

.... But infrequent eruptions have an insidious aspect, as notorious supervolcanoes like Yellowstone (western USA) and Toba (Sumatra, Indonesia) teach us: longer periods of volcano quiescence, or repose, are often followed by larger eruptions ( F ig . 1 a ). In fact, it has long been recognized that there is a broad...

... supervolcanoes, Valles and Yellowstone, likely contain significant quantities of melt ( Huang et al., 2015 ; Steck et al., 1998 ), Long Valley remains enigmatic. © The Authors 2018 Gold Open Access: This paper is published under the terms of the CC-BY license. Volcanoes capable of explosive...

...Calvin Miller; David Wark; Steve Self; Steve Blake; Dave John 5 Do calderas always indicate supereruptions? No. While all well-known supervolcanoes have calderas, this does not mean that calderas necessarily indicate a supereruption. In fact, calderas range widely in size, and a great...

... of polar mesospheric clouds after the A.D. 1883 Krakatau (Indonesia) eruption, are both consistent with levitation of ash into the mesosphere. Supervolcano eruptions are likely to inject significant quantities of charged ash into the ionosphere, resulting in disturbance or collapse of the global electrical...

... survived to reproduce in the aftermath of this event. Another famous supervolcano is located directly underneath Yellowstone National Park, in the United States, and is so large that it is visible from space. F igure 7 compares the measured volumes of some of the largest historic and prehistoric...

... deposits], an eruption like the largest from the Toba (Indonesia) or Yellowstone (USA) supervolcanoes. All supereruptions are associated with the formation of a caldera, a large collapse depression caused by the inward collapse of the crust above the magma chamber as the magma is evacuated. In the case...

...F igure 3 Two of the world's largest and most active supervolcanoes in repose. Both volcanoes represent great challenges to forecast. ( A ) Yellowstone volcano (Wyoming, USA), looking northwest from the north side of the Red Mountains. Lewis (nearer) and Shoshone (farther) lakes are surrounded...

... penetrating the lithosphere. Similar observations have been made for supervolcanoes worldwide, such as Yellowstone caldera (western United States), the Taupo volcanic zone (New Zealand), and Toba caldera (Indonesia) ( Eberhart-Phillips et al., 2020 ; Huang et al., 2015 ; Koulakov et al., 2016 ). Beneath...

.... , 2008 , Monitoring a supervolcano in repose: Heat and volatile flux at the Yellowstone caldera : Elements , v. 4 , p. 35 – 40 , doi:10.2113/GSELEMENTS.4.1.35. Matthews N.E. Huber C. Pyle D.M. Smith V.C. , 2012 , Timescales of magma recharge and reactivation of large silicic...

.... The ca. 8.99 Ma McMullen Creek eruption was magnitude 8.6, larger than the last two major eruptions at Yellowstone (Wyoming). Its volume exceeds 1700 km 3 , covering ≥12,000 km 2 . The ca. 8.72 Ma Grey’s Landing eruption was even larger, at magnitude of 8.8 and volume of ≥2800 km 3 . It covers ≥23,000 km...

... of the Heise Volcanic Field, Idaho, with comparison to Yellowstone and Bruneau-Jarbidge rhyolites . Journal of Petrology , 52 , 857 – 890 . Watts K.E. Bindeman I.N. Schmitt A.K. ( 2012 ) Crystal scale anatomy of a dying supervolcano: an isotope and geochronology study of individual...

...Kenneth S. Befus; Michael Manga Abstract Hollow reentrants in quartz phenocrysts from Yellowstone (western United States) caldera’s Lava Creek Tuff are preserved vestiges of bubbles in the supereruption’s pre-eruptive magma reservoir. We characterized the reentrants using a combination...