Abstract For a two-dimensional situation, a direct solution exists to the problem of locating a point diffractor below plane layers of constant interval velocity and varying dip. The required surface measurements are obtainable from an arbitrary portion of the observed diffraction curve on the stacked section. The method resembles the computing of plane dipping layers o£ constant interval velocity from common depth point surface measurements.

Abstract The success of standard seismic reflection imaging routines, such as Prestack Depth Migration or NMO/DMO/stack depends on the required macro-velocity model. Since their Kirchhofftype implementations collect all possible measured reflections events belonging to either a point in the time or in the depth domain they cannot account for the correct shape of the reflector. In contrast, a common-reflection surface (CRS) stack is a selective stack which depends only on the near-surface velocity. The CRS stack provides a new powerful approach to construct simulated zero-offset (ZO) sections from multicoverage reflection data. It accounts for arbitrary reflector shapes and enables us to establish the macro velocity model after the zero-offset simulation.