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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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North Africa
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Tunisia (1)
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Central European Basin (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Moscow Syneclise (1)
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Vladimir Russian Federation (2)
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Europe
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Baltic region
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Lithuania (1)
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Central Europe
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Poland
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Polish Lowland (1)
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Swiety Krzyz Mountains (1)
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Pomerania (1)
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Moscow Syneclise (1)
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Vladimir Russian Federation (2)
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Russian Platform (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (2)
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isotope ratios (2)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (2)
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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metals
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platinum group
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iridium (2)
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osmium
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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rare earths (1)
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fossils
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Acanthodii
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Acanthodes (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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coprolites (1)
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ichnofossils (2)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Xiphosura (1)
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Branchiopoda (1)
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microfossils (2)
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palynomorphs
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miospores (2)
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Plantae (1)
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tracks (1)
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geochronology methods
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Re/Os (1)
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geologic age
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Mesozoic
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Hettangian (1)
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Triassic
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Middle Triassic (1)
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Paleozoic
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Permian
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Upper Permian (2)
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Silurian
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minerals
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silicates
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sheet silicates
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clay minerals
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kaolinite (1)
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illite (1)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (1)
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Africa
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North Africa
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Tunisia (1)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (2)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Acanthodii
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Acanthodes (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Thecodontia
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Phytosauria (1)
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clay mineralogy (1)
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climate change (1)
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coprolites (1)
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Europe
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Baltic region
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Lithuania (1)
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Central Europe
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Poland
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Polish Lowland (1)
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Swiety Krzyz Mountains (1)
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Pomerania (1)
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Moscow Syneclise (1)
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Vladimir Russian Federation (2)
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geochemistry (1)
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ichnofossils (2)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Xiphosura (1)
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-
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Branchiopoda (1)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (2)
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Mesozoic
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Hettangian (1)
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Triassic-Jurassic boundary (1)
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Triassic
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Middle Triassic (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian (1)
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Triassic-Jurassic boundary (1)
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metals
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platinum group
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iridium (2)
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osmium
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Os-187/Os-186 (2)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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rare earths (1)
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paleoclimatology (2)
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paleoecology (1)
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paleogeography (1)
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Paleozoic
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Permian
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Upper Permian (2)
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Silurian
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Upper Silurian (1)
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palynology (1)
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palynomorphs
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miospores (2)
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Plantae (1)
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sedimentary rocks (1)
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sediments (1)
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tectonics (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks (1)
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sedimentary structures
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coprolites (1)
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tracks (1)
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sediments
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sediments (1)
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Late Permian conchostracans (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) from continental deposits in the Moscow Syneclise, Russia
Limulitella tejraensis , a new species of limulid (Chelicerata, Xiphosura) from the Middle Triassic of southern Tunisia (Saharan Platform)
Vertebrate microremains from the upper Silurian Winnica Formation of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland
Eight climatic events can be distinguished in the Triassic–Jurassic (ca. 201 Ma) continental strata of Poland. These events are distinguished by kaolinite/illite ratio, chemical index of alteration (CIA), color of sediments, and palynomorphs. The first transition to wetter climate, evidenced by a shift from smectite- to kaolinite-dominated mudrocks, coincides with the earlier (“precursor”) Rhaetian negative δ 13 C org excursion, which means that the beginning of climate perturbations predates the oldest known Central Atlantic magmatic province flood basalts by some 100–200 k.y. The later global, late Rhaetian “initial” negative δ 13 C org excursion is divided into two subpeaks, each corresponding to hot and humid events, separated by a cooler and drier event. The upper subpeak is also associated with perturbation of the osmium isotope system (attributed to volcanic fallout), and darkened miospores, pointing to acid rains. Between the “initial” excursion and the Triassic-Jurassic boundary interval, five climatic fluctuations are inferred from the changing kaolinite/illite ratio, the last two of which are also associated with an Os isotope perturbation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) occurrences, a “spore peak,” and darkened miospores. A series of periodic atmospheric loading events by CO 2 , CH 4 , or alternatively by SO 2 , sulfate aerosols, and toxic compounds, is inferred to have caused this series of rapid climatic reversals and resulting extinction of many less-adapted forms. Just above the palynofloral extinction level, appearance of new forms commenced Jurassic palynofloral recovery. Tetrapod evolution events in the end-Triassic–earliest Jurassic were related to the extinction of the Pseudosuchia, Dicynodontia, Capitosauroidea, Plagiosaroidea, and Rhynchosauria, while appearance of highly diversified tetrapod ichnofauna in the earliest Jurassic strata indicates a rapid recovery and refill of ecological niches by dinosaurs.
Abstract We present the first comprehensive description of Prorotodactylus and Rotodactylus dinosauromorph tracks from the Early and Middle Triassic of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. We describe and comprehensively figure tracks that have been mentioned briefly in previous accounts as well as new, recently discovered material, and analyse the variation and stratigraphic distribution of these specimens. Tracks have been recorded from four sites – Koszary, Stryczowice, Wióry and Baranów – which span the early Olenekian–early Anisian ( c. 250–246 Ma). These tracks therefore represent an ichnological record of the evolutionary succession of early dinosauromorphs during the earliest part of their evolutionary history. Recognized track types include cf. Prorotodactylus isp . , Prorotodactylus isp., Prorotodactylus mirus , Rotodactylus cursorius , Rotodactylus isp. and cf. Rotodactylus isp. At least three distinct Early and early Middle Triassic early dinosauromorph ichnofaunas can be recognized. The oldest, which is early Olenekian in age, is characterized by the presence of Prorotodactylus isp., cf. Prorotodactylus isp . and non-archosaurian archosauromorph or archosaur tracks (e.g. Synaptichnium isp., Protochirotherium isp.), recorded at the Stryczowice and Koszary sites. The following assemblage, recorded at the late Olenekian Wióry site, displays the highest ichnodiversity of dinosauromorphs, with four track types present ( Prorotodactylus isp., Prorotodactylus mirus , Rotodactylus cursorius and cf. Rotodactylus isp.). The youngest site, Baranów, includes Rotodactylus isp., as well as other larger dinosauromorph tracks. The first body fossil evidence of dinosauromorphs is a few million years younger than the youngest Polish tracks, so Prorotodactylus and Rotodactylus tracks currently provide the oldest record of dinosauromorph morphology, biology and evolution.