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NARROW
Abstract Seismic data, worldwide analogs, and surface geologic data show that the sub-Andean belt of north-western Bolivia is a thin-skinned Dahlstromian fold and thrust belt with an estimated 150 km of Neogene bulk strain and 100 km of late Miocene-Pliocene bulk strain. The location adjacent to a suggested 70-km-deep Moho root and to a steep segment of the Peru-Chile subduction zone suggests that none of the mapped structures are thick-skinned foreland upthrusts. Based on consistent but inconclusive evidence, we distinguish an allochthonous complex transported above a Main sub-Andean thrust and a parautochthonous toe addition complex with three emerging frontal thrust sheets and several poorly constrained subthrust imbrications. The Main sub-Andean thrust unit had a blind front with an upper detachment that could have
Abstract he Eastern Cordillera of Colombia is an east-vergent Dahlstromian fold and thrust belt of Neogene age involving 5-10 km of upper crust, 3 km of synrift fill of an early Atlantic embayment, and 11 km of Cretaceous thermal sag basin fill. The Mesozoic rift event created an estimated 67-100 km of extension in a 200- km-wide field with an average extensional strain (β) of 2. The fold and thrust belt contains 170 km of imbricate thrust overlap at its front and at higher thrusts and 60 km of west-vergent back-thrusting at its west slope and at its crest affected by incipient plateau collapse tectonics. The Oriente foreland load flexure suggests a rigid lithosphere and more than 100 km of intracontinental subduction. We have assembled and numerically processed public domain data about the surface geology, Mesozoic basin history, and subsurface structure in the Oriente foothills. Andean crustal data and northeastern Pacific plate tectonic data suggest a Miocene age change from low-dip subduction to Recent steep-dip subduction. Therefore, a polyphase history of foreland upthrusts redeforming the fold and thrust belt is unlikely. However, upper crustal detachment and foreland upthrusting prior to Cordilleran thrusting is possible.