The development of geological science in the last decade has led to the necessity to solve important problems in different fields of geology, including geochemistry, for understanding the evolution of the Earth. No analogs of the Earth have been found in space yet, although astronomers know about 600 star–planet systems. Finding of zircons older than 4.3 Ga in Australia in the 1980s was a breakthrough, but at that time there was no analytical scientific equipment to reconstruct the geologic environment that existed during their formation.

The development of analytical methods based on new scientific instruments in the 21st century made...

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