Metals and mineral products are essential for modern society. They are found in the products we use every day, from kitchen utensils to cell phones to refrigerators. They are the basis for construction of homes, offices and bridges, and manufacturing of cars, trains and aeroplanes, and they are employed in more hidden ways as catalysts, medicines and fertilisers. Although per capita consumption of minerals has stabilised in developed countries, global demand will continue to rise, fuelled by the growing needs in developing countries and changing technologies.

Our mineral supplies come from ore deposits, and we must find new ones to...

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