1609 AD marked the beginning of the modern scientific exploration of the Moon’s crust when Thomas Harriot and later Galileo Galilei made the first recorded maps of the nearside with telescopic observations. Galileo’s observations in particular, using a more advanced telescope than was previously available, revealed lunar surface features and topography in detail, effectively refuting the view from Aristotle that the Moon was a perfect, translucent sphere. In 1840, John W. Draper made the first successful photographs of an astronomical object with his daguerreotype photos of the Moon. Increasingly higher quality images of the Moon, first with telescopes and later...
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