Analyzing classic 18O/16O ratios in solids, liquids and gases has proven useful in almost every branch of earth science. As reviewed in this book, additional 17O analysis generally help to better constrain the underlying fractionation mechanisms providing a more solid basis to quantify geologic processes. Mass independent fractionation (MIF) effects known from meteorites and atmospheric gases (Clayton et al. 1973; Thiemens and Heidenreich 1983; Thiemens and Lin 2021, this volume; Brinjikji and Lyons 2021, this volume) generate large 17O anomalies (expressed as ∆17O) that can be transferred to...

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