Geologic fluids (defined liberally as gases, liquids, and supercritical solutions) act as reaction media, reactants, and carriers of energy and matter in the natural environment. Among the many different types of geologic fluids, those containing volatile C-O-H-N-S species and those enriched in chloride salts (brines) are of particular interest. They occur widely in varied geochemical settings, commonly contain significant quantities of dissolved and suspended compounds (complex hydrocarbons, organic macromolecules, colloids/nanoparticles), play a crucial role as primary reaction media, and are important sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. The consequences of coupled reactive-transport processes common to most geological environments depend on...

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