The first half-century of X-ray crystallography, beginning with the elucidation of the sodium chloride structure in 1914, was devoted principally to the determination of increasingly complex atomic topologies at ambient conditions. The pioneering work of the Braggs, Pauling, Wyckoff, Zachariasen and many other investigators revealed the structural details and underlying crystal chemical principles for most rock-forming minerals (see, for example, Crystallography in North America, edited by D. McLachlan and 1. P. Glusker, NY, American Crystallographic Association, 1983). These studies laid the crystallographic foundation for modern mineralogy.
The past three decades have seen a dramatic expansion of this traditional crystallographic role...
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