Knowledge of crystal structures at high temperatures is essential for our understanding of energetics, processes, and behavior of solid state materials. It is of particular importance in geophysics, because most mineralogical processes take place at conditions other than in air at room temperature. In order to study these mineralogical processes under conditions relevant to nature or to maintain the oxidation state or stability of a phase during study, scientists have designed various furnaces and environmental cells. Much of the early development of high-temperature devices for powder diffraction studies took place during the 1960s. Most of the construction materials we use...

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