Liquids for determining the indices of minerals are used very extensively in petrographic investigation, especially in the study of crushed minerals and cleavage fragments. For such purposes it is essential to have liquids whose indices are known or can be easily determined. The greater number of the easily obtainable liquids for such purposes suffer changes in index through volatilization and must, of necessity, be checked before using when accurate results are desired. The check can be made by refractometers but in many smaller laboratories these are not readily available.

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