Abstract
The hydrothermal crystallization of amorphous titanium dioxide at 300-600°C, 1 kbar pressure, follows the reaction path: amorphous reactant → anatase → rutile. The transformation is accelerated by increasing temperature and decreasing solution pH. Two mechanism stages can be envisaged: (1) the formation of anatase by the dehydration and gradual structural rearrangement of the reactant titanium-oxygen lattice, and (2) solution of the anatase intermediate and direct precipitation of rutile. The metastable development of anatase is in accordance with a modern formulation of the Ostwald Step Rule.
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