The use of on-site soil extractions for direct quantification provides a fast and efficient method for environmental monitoring and mineral prospecting. In this study, an on-site extraction protocol was developed and tested on northern boreal soils using partial extractants: 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl2) and 0.43 M nitric acid (HNO3). CaCl2 is commonly used as an extractant for mobile and directly available elements, while 0.43 M HNO3 is used to extract also the reactive pool with the weakly bound elements from soil particle surfaces. These two extractants were chosen because (i) they have no specific constraints for electrochemical or spectrometric analysis for element quantification and (ii) they are more environmentally friendly than the ones often used for mineral exploration, e.g. the aqua regia (AR) or mobile metal ions such as Ionic Leach™ (IL, ALS). Extractions with HNO3 offered the same patterns as those obtained with AR but with better contrast for anomalies, while the CaCl2 results were very similar to those obtained with IL. Nevertheless, neither HNO3 nor CaCl2 was effective in mobilizing Au, W or Sn due to their low concentrations. Our study demonstrated that on-site soil extractions with HNO3 and CaCl2 were potentially good candidates for the detection of REEs, such as Ce and La, and some trace elements, especially Cd, for both extractions, Co, Pb and U with HNO3, and Mn and Ni with CaCl2. This work highlights the potential of on-site extraction using partial extractants. This is a key step prior to the quantification of elements by on-site voltametric techniques.
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Research Article|
June 11, 2024
New methodological approach for deep penetrating geochemistry and environmental studies, Part 1: on-site soil extraction of trace and rare earth elements
Alexis de Junet;
Alexis de Junet
*
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
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Camille Guilleux;
Camille Guilleux
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
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Anne Poszwa;
Anne Poszwa
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
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Simon Devin;
Simon Devin
2
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Metz 57000, France
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Pertti Sarala;
Pertti Sarala
3
Mineral Economy Solutions, Geological Survey of Finland GTK
, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
4
Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu
, P.O. Box 3000
, 90014 Finland
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Solveig Pospiech;
Solveig Pospiech
5
Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmhotz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
, 09599 Feiberg, Germany
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Maarit Middleton;
Maarit Middleton
6
Information Solutions Unit, Geological Survey of Finland GTK
, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
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José-Paulo Pinheiro
José-Paulo Pinheiro
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
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Alexis de Junet
*
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
Camille Guilleux
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
Anne Poszwa
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
Simon Devin
2
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Metz 57000, France
Pertti Sarala
3
Mineral Economy Solutions, Geological Survey of Finland GTK
, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
4
Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu
, P.O. Box 3000
, 90014 Finland
Solveig Pospiech
5
Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmhotz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
, 09599 Feiberg, Germany
Maarit Middleton
6
Information Solutions Unit, Geological Survey of Finland GTK
, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland
José-Paulo Pinheiro
1
Université de Lorraine/CNRS, LIEC, UMR7360
, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506, France
*
Correspondence: [email protected]
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Received:
10 Nov 2023
Revision Received:
11 Apr 2024
Accepted:
14 Apr 2024
First Online:
30 Apr 2024
Online ISSN: 2041-4943
Print ISSN: 1467-7873
- Funder(s):H2020 research and innovation
- Award Id(s): 776804 — H2020-SC5-2017
- Award Id(s):
© 2024 University of Lorraine. Published by The Geological Society of London for GSL and AAG. All rights reserved
© 2024 University of Lorraine
Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (2024) 24 (2): geochem2023-056.
Article history
Received:
10 Nov 2023
Revision Received:
11 Apr 2024
Accepted:
14 Apr 2024
First Online:
30 Apr 2024
Citation
Alexis de Junet, Camille Guilleux, Anne Poszwa, Simon Devin, Pertti Sarala, Solveig Pospiech, Maarit Middleton, José-Paulo Pinheiro; New methodological approach for deep penetrating geochemistry and environmental studies, Part 1: on-site soil extraction of trace and rare earth elements. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis 2024;; 24 (2): geochem2023–056. doi: https://doi.org/10.1144/geochem2023-056
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Index Terms/Descriptors
- actinides
- boreal environment
- chemical analysis
- cobalt
- cobalt ores
- detection
- Europe
- field studies
- geochemical anomalies
- geochemical methods
- horizons
- Lapland
- lead
- lead ores
- manganese
- metal ores
- metals
- mineral deposits, genesis
- mineral exploration
- new methods
- pathfinders
- Podzols
- soil profiles
- soil surveys
- soil vapor extraction
- soils
- spectra
- surveys
- terrestrial environment
- uranium
- voltammetry
- X-ray fluorescence spectra
- Rovaniemi Finland
- Rajapalot Finland
- Rajapalot Deposit
Latitude & Longitude
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