Supercontinents, Orogenesis and Magmatism
CONTAINS OPEN ACCESS

A tribute to the career of J. Brendan Murphy, this volume covers topics that encompass the three main fields of his influence: (i) supercontinents and the supercontinent cycle; (ii) orogenesis and terranes; and (iii) magmatism and magmatic processes. Papers range from strongly field-based studies to conceptual analyses, and focus on clarifying some crucial geological processes.
Late Paleozoic igneous rocks at Clarke Head, Nova Scotia: magmatism at an arc to back-arc transition Available to Purchase
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Published:April 22, 2024
Abstract
This study re-examines a reported mylonitic ‘metabasic granulite’ block in a megabreccia that is the most outboard igneous rock outcrop in the Avalon terrane, near the Meguma–Avalon terrane boundary in the northern Appalachians. The block of foliated gabbro is one of several igneous rock blocks in a largely dissolved salt wall and in style of deformation, mineralogy, lithogeochemistry and Sm/Nd isotopes resembles foliated and locally mylonitized late Devonian–early Carboniferous gabbro plutons along the Cobequid Shear Zone to the north. Garnet porphyroclasts in the foliated gabbro are exceptional, with a distinctive composition of Alm55 Pyr25 Grs13 And4 Sps3. Inclusions of pyroxene, andesine and ilmenite, lack of zoning and corroded rims suggest the garnets are antecrysts. Elsewhere in the world, garnets of similar composition in arc-related andesites are interpreted to be from disintegration of comagmatic cumulate material at 0.8–1.0 GPa under hydrous conditions. The Clarke Head foliated gabbro has two mafic components, one resembling arc-related hydrous magma and the other with tholeiitic back-arc character, similar to coeval rocks in the Cobequid Highlands. The gabbro is a product of complex mixing in crustal magma chambers and rapid rise of magma containing lower crustal antecrysts along strike-slip faults.