The Småland lithotectonic unit in the 2.0−1.8 Ga Svecokarelian orogen, southeastern Sweden, is dominated by a c. 1.81−1.77 Ga alkali–calcic magmatic suite (the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt or TIB-1). At least in its central part, the TIB-1 suite was deposited on, or emplaced into, c. 1.83–1.82 Ga calc-alkaline magmatic rocks with base metal sulphide mineralization and siliciclastic sedimentary rocks (the Oskarshamn–Jönköping Belt). Ductile deformation and metamorphism under low- to medium-grade conditions affected the Oskarshamn–Jönköping Belt prior to c. 1.81 Ga. Both suites were subsequently affected by low-grade ductile deformation, mainly along steeply dipping, east–west to NW–SE shear zones with dip-slip and dextral strike-slip displacement. Sinistral strike-slip NE–SW zones are also present. In the northern part of the lithotectonic unit, 1.9 Ga magmatic rocks, c. 1.87–1.81 Ga siliciclastic sedimentary rocks and basalt, and c. 1.86–1.85 Ga granite show fabric development, folding along steep NW–SE axial surfaces and medium- or high-grade metamorphism prior to c. 1.81 Ga and, at least partly, at c. 1.86–1.85 Ga; base metal sulphide, Fe oxide and U or U–REE mineralizations also occur. Magmatism and siliciclastic sedimentation along an active continental margin associated with subduction-related, accretionary tectonic processes is inferred over about 100 million years.