Detecting, Modelling and Responding to Effusive Eruptions
CONTAINS OPEN ACCESS
For effusive volcanoes in resource-poor regions, there is a pressing need for a crisis response-chain bridging the global scientific community to allow provision of standard products for timely humanitarian response. As a first step in attaining this need, this Special Publication provides a complete directory of current operational capabilities for monitoring effusive eruptions. This volume also reviews the state-of-the-art in terms of satellite-based volcano hot-spot tracking and lava-flow simulation. These capabilities are demonstrated using case studies taken from well-known effusive events that have occurred worldwide over the last two decades at volcanoes such as Piton de la Fournaise, Etna, Stromboli and Kilauea. We also provide case-type response models implemented at the same volcanoes, as well as the results of a community-wide drill used to test a fully-integrated response focused on an operational hazard-GIS. Finally, the objectives and recommendations of the ‘Risk Evaluation, Detection and Simulation during Effusive Eruption Disasters’ working group are laid out in a statement of community needs by its members.
Testing a geographical information system for damage and evacuation assessment during an effusive volcanic crisis
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Published:January 01, 2016
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CiteCitation
B. Latutrie, I. Andredakis, T. De Groeve, A. J. L. Harris, E. Langlois, B. Van Wyk De Vries, E. Saubin, G. Bilotta, A. Cappello, G. M. Crisci, D. D’ambrosio, C. Del Negro, M. Favalli, E. Fujita, G. Iovine, K. Kelfoun, R. Rongo, W. Spataro, S. Tarquini, D. Coppola, G. Ganci, F. Marchese, N. Pergola, V. Tramutoli, 2016. "Testing a geographical information system for damage and evacuation assessment during an effusive volcanic crisis", Detecting, Modelling and Responding to Effusive Eruptions, A. J. L. Harris, T. De Groeve, F. Garel, S. A. Carn
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Abstract
Using two hypothetical effusive events in the Chaîne des Puys (Auvergne, France), we tested two geographical information systems (GISs) set up to allow loss assessment during an effusive crisis. The first was a local system that drew on all immediately available data for population, land use, communications, utility and building type. The second was an experimental add-on to the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) global warning system maintained by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) that draws information from open-access global data. After defining lava-flow model source terms (vent location, effusion rate, lava chemistry, temperature, crystallinity and vesicularity), we ran all available lava-flow emplacement models to produce a projection for the likelihood of impact for all pixels within the GIS. Next, inundation maps and damage reports for impacted zones were produced, with those produced by both the local system and by GDACS being in good agreement. The exercise identified several shortcomings of the systems, but also indicated that the generation of a GDACS-type global response system for effusive crises that uses rapid-response model projections for lava inundation driven by real-time satellite hotspot detection – and open-access datasets – is within the current capabilities of the community.
- Auvergne
- buildings
- Chaine des Puys
- damage
- data bases
- digital terrain models
- effusion
- eruptions
- Europe
- France
- geographic information systems
- geologic hazards
- global
- human ecology
- information systems
- infrastructure
- land cover
- land use
- lava fields
- lava flows
- mitigation
- models
- natural hazards
- pixels
- planning
- populations
- public awareness
- Puy-de-Dome France
- railroads
- rates
- regional
- reliability
- report
- risk assessment
- risk management
- roads
- simulation
- testing
- volcanic features
- volcanic risk
- volcanoes
- warning systems
- Western Europe
- SCIARA
- FLOWGO
- DOWNFLOW
- MAGFLOW
- LavaSIM
- source terms
- GDACS
- VolcFlow
- Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System
- Petit Puy de Dome
- Puy de Gravenoir