Sustainable Use of Traditional Geomaterials in Construction Practice
Geomaterials derived from the Earth’s crust and used in construction after appropriate processing are among the earliest raw materials exploited, processed and used by humans. Their numerous functional properties include accessibility, workability and serviceability, and these are explored within this volume. In modern society, sustainable use of raw materials, specifically those exploited in large volumes such as geomaterials for construction, raises questions of reducing extraction of primary resources and thus minimizing impacts on natural systems, and also employment of materials and technologies to lower emissions of deleterious substances into the atmosphere. This will be possible only if we fully understand the properties, processing and mode of use of traditional geomaterials. Although most of the papers within this volume were written by geologists, the contributions will also be of interest to those working in cultural heritage, monument conservation, civil engineering and architecture.
Characterization of particulate matter in attic and settled dusts collected from two buildings in Budapest, Hungary
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Published:January 01, 2016
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CiteCitation
Á. Baricza, B. Bajnóczi, M. Tóth, R. Káldos, Cs. Szabó, 2016. "Characterization of particulate matter in attic and settled dusts collected from two buildings in Budapest, Hungary", Sustainable Use of Traditional Geomaterials in Construction Practice, R. Přikryl, Á. Török, M. Gomez-Heras, K. Miskovsky, M. Theodoridou
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Abstract
We have investigated two buildings covered with Zsolnay glazed architectural ceramics in Budapest (Hungary), one located in the densely built-up area of the city centre with a high traffic rate and one in a city quarter with moderate traffic and more open space. A black crust layer, containing a large amount of artificial particulate matter with different size and chemical composition, was observed on the ceramic material of both buildings, whereas weathered glaze was detected only on the ceramics of the building situated in the city centre. In this paper, our goal is to reveal the role of the particulate matter in the degradation of architectural ceramics. For this reason the attic dust and settled dust from the roofs of the studied buildings were collected. In the attic dust, besides the natural particles of geological origin, three types of artificial particles typically with spherical shape (spherules) were also distinguished: aluminosilicate (two subtypes), carbonaceous, and iron-rich fly-ash. The appearance of gypsum crystallites around the particulate matter in association with all spherule types suggests that the particulate matter greatly contributes to the degradation process.
- air pollution
- ash
- Budapest Hungary
- buildings
- carbon
- Central Europe
- ceramic materials
- chemical composition
- civil engineering
- clastic sediments
- conservation
- construction materials
- degradation
- dust
- electron microscopy data
- electron probe data
- Europe
- Hungary
- incineration
- mineral composition
- natural materials
- particles
- particulate materials
- petrography
- pollution
- Raman spectra
- sediments
- SEM data
- size distribution
- spectra
- spherules
- sulfates
- sulfidation
- synthetic materials
- urban environment
- urban geology
- X-ray diffraction data