Continental Tectonics and Mountain Building: The Legacy of Peach and Horne

The world's mountain ranges are the clearest manifestations of long-term deformation of the continental crust. As such they have attracted geological investigations for centuries. Throughout this long history of research a few keynote publications stand out. One of the most important is the Geological Survey's 1907 Memoir on The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland. The Memoir summarized some of the Geological Survey's finest work, and outlined many of the principles of field-based structural and tectonic analysis that have subsequently guided generations of geologists working in other mountain belts, both ancient and modern. The thematic set of 32 papers in this Special Publication celebrate the 100th anniversary of the 1907 Memoir by placing the original findings in both historical and modern contexts, and juxtaposing them against present-day studies of deformation processes operating not only in the NW Highlands, but also in other mountain belts.
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Table of Contents
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Continental tectonics and mountain building. The legacy of Peach and Horne: an introductionAuthor(s)R. D. Law;R. D. Law1Departmant of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:R. W. H. Butler;R. W. H. Butler2Geology and Petroleum Geology,School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen,Meston Building, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. E. Holdsworth;R. E. Holdsworth3Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,South Road, Durham, DH1 SLE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Krabbendam;M. Krabbendam4British Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. A. StrachanR. A. Strachan5School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Portsmouth,Barnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Historical background
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The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland – revisited: Peach et al. 100 years onAuthor(s)Robert W. H. ButlerRobert W. H. ButlerGeology and Petroleum Geology,School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UK(e-mail: rob.butler@abdn.ac.uk)Search for other works by this author on:
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Peach and Horne: the British Association excursion to Assynt September 1912Author(s)A. J. BarberA. J. BarberDepartment of Earth Sciences,Royal Holloway University of London,Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX,UK(e-mail: 106731.1236@compuserve.com)Search for other works by this author on:
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Deep- and mid-crustal processes
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The Lewisian Complex: insights into deep crustal evolutionAuthor(s)J. Wheeler;J. Wheeler1Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Jane Herdman Building,Liverpool University,Liverpool L69 3GP,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. G. Park;R. G. Park212 Provost Ferguson Drive, Tain, Ross-shire, IV19 1RE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:H. R. Rollinson;H. R. Rollinson3Department of Geographical, Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Derby,Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB,UKSearch for other works by this author on:A. BeachA. Beach4Exploration Outcomes, 1 Huntly Gardens, Glasgow G12 9AS,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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On the difficulty of assigning crustal residence, magmatic protolith and metamorphic ages to Lewisian granulites: constraints from combined in situ U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopesAuthor(s)M. J. Whitehouse;M. J. Whitehouse1Swedish Museum of Natural History and Nordic Center for Earth Evolution (NordCEE),Box 50 007, SE-104 05 Stockholm,SwedenSearch for other works by this author on:A. I. S. KempA. I. S. Kemp2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,James Cook University,Townsville, Qld 4811,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:
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The Laxford Shear Zone: an end-Archaean terrane boundary?Author(s)K. M. Goodenough;K. M. Goodenough1British Geological Survey,West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. G. Park;R. G. Park212 Provost Ferguson Drive, Tain, Ross-shire IV19 1RE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Krabbendam;M. Krabbendam1British Geological Survey,West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:J. S. Myers;J. S. Myers377 Falls Road, Lesmurdie, WA 6076,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:J. Wheeler;J. Wheeler4Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences,Liverpool University,Liverpool L69 3GP,UKSearch for other works by this author on:S. C. Loughlin;S. C. Loughlin1British Geological Survey,West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:Q. G. Crowley;Q. G. Crowley5NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory,Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG,UK10Department of Geology,Trinity College,Dublin 2,IrelandSearch for other works by this author on:C. R. L. Friend;C. R. L. Friend645, Stanway Road, Risinghurst, Headington, Oxford OX3 8HU,UKSearch for other works by this author on:A. Beach;A. Beach7Exploration Outcomes,1 Huntly Gardens, Glasgow G12 9AS,UKSearch for other works by this author on:P. D. Kinny;P. D. Kinny8Department of Applied Geology,Curtin University of Technology,GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845,Western AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:R. H. GrahamR. H. Graham9Hess, Level 9, Adelphi Building, London WC2N 6AG,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Lithospheric-scale extension during Grampian orogenesis in ScotlandAuthor(s)Daniel R. Viete;Daniel R. Viete1Research School of Earth Sciences,Australian National University,Canberra ACT 2601,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:Simon W. Richards;Simon W. Richards2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,James Cook University,Townsville, QLD 4811,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:Gordon S. Lister;Gordon S. Lister1Research School of Earth Sciences,Australian National University,Canberra ACT 2601,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:Grahame J. H. Oliver;Grahame J. H. Oliver3School of Geography and Geosciences,University of St. Andrews,St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:Graham J. BanksGraham J. Banks4School of Earth, Ocean and Planetary Sciences,Cardiff University,Cardiff CF10 3YE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Mid-Devonian sinistral transpressional movements on the Great Glen Fault: the rise of the Rosemarkie Inlier and the Acadian Event in ScotlandAuthor(s)J. R. Mendum;J. R. Mendum1British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:S. R. NobleS. R. Noble2NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory,British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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The North-West Highlands memoir: a century-old legacy for understanding Earth before PangaeaAuthor(s)Ian W. D. DalzielIan W. D. DalzielInstitute for Geophysics, John A. and Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin,J.J. Pickle Research Campus, 10100 Burnet Road, Bldg. 196, Austin, Texas 78758-4445,USA(e-mail: ian@ig.utexas.edu)Search for other works by this author on:
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Comparing Tibet-Himalayan and Caledonian crustal architecture, evolution and mountain building processesAuthor(s)M. J. Streule;M. J. Streule1Department of Earth Sciences,University of Oxford,Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. A. Strachan;R. A. Strachan2School of Earth & Environmental Sciences,University of Portsmouth,Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. P. Searle;M. P. Searle1Department of Earth Sciences,University of Oxford,Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. D. LawR. D. Law3Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Unravelling of multiply deformed and metamorphosed terranes
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The Moine Supergroup of NW Scotland: insights into the analysis of polyorogenic supracrustal sequencesAuthor(s)R. A. Strachan;R. A. Strachan1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Portsmouth,Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. E. Holdsworth;R. E. Holdsworth2Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,The University,South Road, Durham DH1 3LE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Krabbendam;M. Krabbendam3British Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:G. I. AlsopG. I. Alsop4Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Progressive fold and fabric evolution associated with regional strain gradients: a case study from across a Scandian ductile thrust nappe, Scottish CaledonidesAuthor(s)G. I. Alsop;G. I. Alsop1Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, Kings College,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:D. A. Cheer;D. A. Cheer2School of Geography & Geosciences,University of St Andrews,St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. A. Strachan;R. A. Strachan3School of Earth & Environmental Sciences,University of Portsmouth,Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Krabbendam;M. Krabbendam4British Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:P. D. Kinny;P. D. Kinny5The Institute for Geoscience Research,Curtin University,Perth,AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:R. E. Holdsworth;R. E. Holdsworth6Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,The University,South Road, Durham DH1 3LE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:A. G. LeslieA. G. Leslie4British Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Deformation partitioning, foliation successions and their significance for orogenesis: hiding lengthy deformation histories in mylonitesAuthor(s)T. H. BellT. H. BellSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences,James Cook University,Townsville, Queensland 4811,Australia(e-mail: tim.bell@jcu.edu.au)Search for other works by this author on:
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Thrust tectonics
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The role of thrust tectonic models in understanding structural evolution in NW ScotlandAuthor(s)R. W. H. ButlerR. W. H. ButlerGeology and Petroleum Geology,School of Geosciences, Meston Building, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UK(e-mail: rob.butler@abdn.ac.uk)Search for other works by this author on:
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Structure and internal deformation of the Arnaboll Thrust Sheet, NW Scotland: implications for strain localization in thrust beltsAuthor(s)Christopher A. J. Wibberley;Christopher A. J. Wibberley1Total EP, CSTJF, Av. Larribau, 64018 Pau,FranceSearch for other works by this author on:Robert W. H. ButlerRobert W. H. Butler2Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen,Meston Building, Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Lateral variations and linkages in thrust geometry: the Traligill Transverse Zone, Assynt Culmination, Moine Thrust Belt, NW ScotlandAuthor(s)M. Krabbendam;M. KrabbendamBritish Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:A. G. LeslieA. G. LeslieBritish Geological Survey,Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Regional-scale lateral variation and linkage in ductile thrust architecture: the Oykel Transverse Zone, and mullions, in the Moine Nappe, NW ScotlandAuthor(s)A. G. Leslie;A. G. Leslie1British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Krabbendam;M. Krabbendam1British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA,UKSearch for other works by this author on:G. S. Kimbell;G. S. Kimbell2British Geological Survey, Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. A. StrachanR. A. Strachan3School of Earth & Environmental Sciences,University of Portsmouth,Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Relationships between the Loch Ailsh and Borralan alkaline intrusions and thrusting in the Moine Thrust zone, southern Assynt culmination, NW ScotlandAuthor(s)M. P. Searle;M. P. Searle1Department of Earth Sciences,Oxford University,Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. D. Law;R. D. Law2Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:J. F. Dewey;J. F. Dewey3University College,High Street, Oxford OX1 4BH,UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. J. StreuleM. J. Streule1Department of Earth Sciences,Oxford University,Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Toward a solution of the 3D balancing problem in curved segments of orogensAuthor(s)Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.;Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Science Alliance Center of Excellence,University of Tennessee,Knoxville, TN 37996,USASearch for other works by this author on:Peter GeiserPeter Geiser2STRM, 1435 Yarmouth, Suite 106, Boulder, CO 80303,USA3Geo-Logic Systems, LLC,1435 Yarmouth, Suite 106, Boulder, CO 80303,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Restoring maps and memoirs to four-dimensional space using virtual globe technology: a case study from the Scottish HighlandsAuthor(s)Carol Simpson;Carol Simpson1Department of Ocean, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences,Old Dominion University,4600 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23529,USASearch for other works by this author on:Declan De PaorDeclan De Paor2Department of Physics,Old Dominion University,4600 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23529,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Microstructural processes and fault rock evolution
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Microstructures and crystal fabrics of the Moine Thrust zone and Moine Nappe: history of research and changing tectonic interpretationsAuthor(s)R. D. Law;R. D. Law1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:M. R. W. JohnsonM. R. W. Johnson2School of Geosciences,Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh,West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Mylonites: lessons from EribollAuthor(s)S. H. WhiteS. H. WhiteHonorary Research Fellow, School of Earth Sciences,University of Melbourne,Australia.Also, Professor Emeritus, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences,Utrecht University,The Netherlands(e-mail: stan.white@bigpond.com)Search for other works by this author on:
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Moine Thrust zone mylonites at the Stack of Glencoul: I – microstructures, strain and influence of recrystallization on quartz crystal fabric developmentAuthor(s)R. D. Law;R. D. Law1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:D. Mainprice;D. Mainprice2Géosciences Montpellier UMR CNRS 5243, Université Montpellier II,34095 Montpellier,FranceSearch for other works by this author on:M. Casey;M. Casey3School of Earth and Environment,The University,Leeds LS2 9JT,UKSearch for other works by this author on:G. E. Lloyd;G. E. Lloyd3School of Earth and Environment,The University,Leeds LS2 9JT,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. J. Knipe;R. J. Knipe3School of Earth and Environment,The University,Leeds LS2 9JT,UKSearch for other works by this author on:B. Cook;B. Cook1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USA4Present address:Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Kentucky,Lexington, Kentucky 40506,USASearch for other works by this author on:J. R. ThigpenJ. R. Thigpen1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech.,Blacksburg, VA 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Moine Thrust zone mylonites at the Stack of Glencoul: II – results of vorticity analyses and their tectonic significanceAuthor(s)R. D. LawR. D. LawSearch for other works by this author on:
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Predicting seismic properties from three-dimensional microstructures: a new look at an old quartziteAuthor(s)Geoffrey E. Lloyd;Geoffrey E. Lloyd1School of Earth Sciences,The University,Leeds LS2 9JT,UKSearch for other works by this author on:Richard D. Law;Richard D. Law2Department of Geological Sciences,Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University,VA,USASearch for other works by this author on:David MainpriceDavid Mainprice3Géosciences Montpellier UMR CNRS 5243,Université Montpellier 2,Montpellier,FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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Deformation temperatures, vorticity of flow and strain symmetry in the Loch Eriboll mylonites, NW Scotland: implications for the kinematic and structural evolution of the northernmost Moine Thrust zoneAuthor(s)J. Ryan Thigpen;J. Ryan Thigpen1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, Virginia 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:Richard D. Law;Richard D. Law1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, Virginia 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:Geoffrey E. Lloyd;Geoffrey E. Lloyd2School of Earth and Environment,The University,Leeds LS2 9JT,UKSearch for other works by this author on:Summer J. Brown;Summer J. Brown1Department of Geosciences,Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, Virginia 24061,USASearch for other works by this author on:Brian CookBrian Cook3Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Kentucky,Lexington, Kentucky 40506,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Strain within the ultrahigh-pressure Western Gneiss region of Norway recorded by quartz CPOsAuthor(s)Nicolas C. Barth;Nicolas C. Barth1Department of Earth Science,University of California,Santa Barbara, CA 93106,USASearch for other works by this author on:Bradley R. Hacker;Bradley R. Hacker1Department of Earth Science,University of California,Santa Barbara, CA 93106,USASearch for other works by this author on:Gareth G. E. Seward;Gareth G. E. Seward1Department of Earth Science,University of California,Santa Barbara, CA 93106,USASearch for other works by this author on:Emily O. Walsh;Emily O. Walsh2Department of Geology,Cornell College,Mount Vernon, IA 52314,USASearch for other works by this author on:David Young;David Young3Department of Geology,University of Texas,San Antonio, TX 78249,USASearch for other works by this author on:Scott JohnstonScott Johnston4Department of Physics,California Polytechnic State University,San Luis Obispo, CA 93407,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Vorticity of flow in ductile thrust zones: examples from the Attico-Cycladic Massif (Internal Hellenides, Greece)Author(s)P. Xypolias;P. XypoliasDepartment of Geology,University of Patras,GR-26500, Patras,GreeceSearch for other works by this author on:D. Spanos;D. SpanosDepartment of Geology,University of Patras,GR-26500, Patras,GreeceSearch for other works by this author on:V. Chatzaras;V. ChatzarasDepartment of Geology,University of Patras,GR-26500, Patras,GreeceSearch for other works by this author on:S. Kokkalas;S. KokkalasDepartment of Geology,University of Patras,GR-26500, Patras,GreeceSearch for other works by this author on:I. KoukouvelasI. KoukouvelasDepartment of Geology,University of Patras,GR-26500, Patras,GreeceSearch for other works by this author on:
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Inclined transpression at the toe of an arcuate thrust: an example from the Precambrian ‘Mylonite Zone’ of the Sveconorwegian orogenAuthor(s)Giulio Viola;Giulio ViolaGeological Survey of Norway,7491 Trondheim,NorwaySearch for other works by this author on:Iain C. HendersonIain C. HendersonGeological Survey of Norway,7491 Trondheim,NorwaySearch for other works by this author on:
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Shear localization in solids: insights for mountain building processes from a frame-indifferent ideal material modelAuthor(s)Regan L. Patton;Regan L. Patton1Computational Geoscience for Predictive Discovery,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization,Exploration & Mining Division, Perth, W.A. 6151,Australia2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Washington State University,P.O. Box 642812, Pullman, WA 99164-2812,USASearch for other works by this author on:A. John WatkinsonA. John Watkinson2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Washington State University,P.O. Box 642812, Pullman, WA 99164-2812,USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Insights into reactivation processes
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Extensional tectonics in the North Atlantic Caledonides: a regional viewAuthor(s)Haakon FossenHaakon FossenDepartment of Earth Science,University of Bergen,Allegaten 41, 5007 Bergen,Norway(e-mail: haakon.fossen@geo.uib.no)Search for other works by this author on:
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Basement-influenced rifting and basin development: a reappraisal of post-Caledonian faulting patterns from the North Coast Transfer Zone, ScotlandAuthor(s)R. W. Wilson;R. W. Wilson1Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,Durham DH1 3LE,UK2Current address:BP Exploration and Production,Chertsey Road, Sunbury on Thames, Middlesex TW16 7LN,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. E. Holdsworth;R. E. Holdsworth1Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,Durham DH1 3LE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:L. E. Wild;L. E. Wild1Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,Durham DH1 3LE,UK2Current address:BP Exploration and Production,Chertsey Road, Sunbury on Thames, Middlesex TW16 7LN,UKSearch for other works by this author on:K. J. W. McCaffrey;K. J. W. McCaffrey1Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,Durham DH1 3LE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. W. England;R. W. England3Department of Geology,University of Leicester,University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH,UKSearch for other works by this author on:J. Imber;J. Imber1Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences,Durham University,Durham DH1 3LE,UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. A. StrachanR. A. Strachan4School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth,Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL,UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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The geometric characteristics, genesis and petroleum significance of inversion structuresAuthor(s)Mark Cooper;Mark Cooper1Sherwood Geoconsulting,Suite 208, 1235 17th Ave SW, Calgary, Alberta,Canada,T2T 0C2Search for other works by this author on:Marian J. WarrenMarian J. Warren2Jenner GeoConsulting,Suite 208, 1235 17th Ave SW, Calgary, Alberta,Canada,T2T 0C2Search for other works by this author on:
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