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Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Magmatic Rifting and Active Volcanism
Author(s)
C. Vye-Brown
C. Vye-Brown
British Geological Survey, UK
Search for other works by this author on:
Geological Society of London
Volume
420
Copyright:
This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license.
ISBN electronic:
9781862391345
Publication date:
January 01, 2016
A major rifting episode began in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia in September 2005. Over a ten-day period, c. 2.5 km3 of magma were intruded along a 60 km-long dyke separating the Arabian and Nubian plates. Over the next five years, a further 13 dyke intrusions caused continued extension, eruptions and seismicity. This activity led to a renewed international focus on the role of magmatism in rifting, with major international collaborative projects working in Afar and Ethiopia to study the ongoing activity and to place it in a broader context. This book brings together articles that explore the role of magmatism in rifting, from the initiation of continental break-up through to full seafloor spreading. We also explore the hazards related to rifting and the associated volcanism. This work has implications for our understanding of how continents break-up and the associated distribution of resources in rift basins and continental margins.
Magmatic Rifting and Active Volcanism
Author(s): T. J. Wright, A. Ayele, D. J. Ferguson, T. Kidane, C. Vye-Brown
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/SP420
ISBN (print): 9781862397293
ISBN (electronic): 9781862391345
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 2016
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Table of Contents
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Magmatic rifting and active volcanism: introductionAuthor(s)Tim J. Wright;Tim J. Wright1Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Atalay Ayele;Atalay Ayele2Institute for Geophysics Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:David Ferguson;David Ferguson1Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Tesfaye Kidane;Tesfaye Kidane3School of Earth Sciences, College of Natural Science, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:Charlotte Vye-BrownCharlotte Vye-Brown4British Geological Survey, The Lyell Centre, Research Avenue South, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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The role of magmatism in continental rifting
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Why is Africa rifting?Author(s)J.-Michael Kendall;J.-Michael Kendall1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Carolina Lithgow-BertelloniCarolina Lithgow-Bertelloni2Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Volcanic volumes associated with the Kenya Rift: recognition and correction of preservation biasesAuthor(s)A. L. GuthA. L. GuthGeology Department 630 DOW, 1400 Townsend Dr., Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Influence of regional tectonics and pre-existing structures on the formation of elliptical calderas in the Kenyan RiftAuthor(s)E. A. M. Robertson;E. A. M. Robertson1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 2JN, UKSearch for other works by this author on:J. Biggs;J. Biggs1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 2JN, UKSearch for other works by this author on:K. V. Cashman;K. V. Cashman1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 2JN, UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. A. Floyd;M. A. Floyd2Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USASearch for other works by this author on:C. Vye-BrownC. Vye-Brown3British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Crustal structure and high-resolution Moho topography across the Rwenzori region (Albertine rift) from P-receiver functionsAuthor(s)Michael Gummert;Michael Gummert1Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:Michael Lindenfeld;Michael Lindenfeld1Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:Ingo Wölbern;Ingo Wölbern1Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:Georg Rümpker;Georg Rümpker1Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:Kasereka Celestin;Kasereka Celestin2Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of CongoSearch for other works by this author on:Arthur BatteArthur Batte3Department of Geology, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaSearch for other works by this author on:
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The elusive Rivera-Cocos plate boundary: not diffuseAuthor(s)Román Alvarez;Román Alvarez1Instituo de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF, 04510Search for other works by this author on:Vsevolod YutsisVsevolod Yutsis2Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4ª Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., MexicoSearch for other works by this author on:
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Magma-dominated rifting in the Afar triple junction
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Magma imaged magnetotellurically beneath an active and an inactive magmatic segment in Afar, EthiopiaAuthor(s)N. E. Johnson;N. E. Johnson1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK4Present address: Stag Energy, 49 York Place, Edinburgh EH1 3JD, UKSearch for other works by this author on:K. A. Whaler;K. A. Whaler1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UKSearch for other works by this author on:S. Hautot;S. Hautot2Imagir, 38 rue Jim Sévellec, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29200 Brest, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:S. Fisseha;S. Fisseha3Institute of Geophysics, Space Sciences and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:M. Desissa;M. Desissa1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK5Present address: Geological Survey of Ireland, Beggars Bush, Haddington Road, Dublin 4, IrelandSearch for other works by this author on:G. J. K. DawesG. J. K. Dawes1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Constraints on melt distribution from seismology: a case study in EthiopiaAuthor(s)J. O. S. Hammond;J. O. S. Hammond1School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UKSearch for other works by this author on:J.-M. KendallJ.-M. Kendall2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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A multidisciplinary study of the final episode of the Manda Hararo dyke sequence, Ethiopia, and implications for trends in volcanism during the rifting cycleAuthor(s)T. D. Barnie;T. D. Barnie1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK9Present address: Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, 5 rue Kessler, 63038 Clermont Ferrand Cedex, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:D. Keir;D. Keir2National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKSearch for other works by this author on:I. Hamling;I. Hamling3GNS Science, 1 Fairway Drive, Avalon 5010, P.O. Box 30–368, Lower Hutt 5040, New ZealandSearch for other works by this author on:B. Hofmann;B. Hofmann4School of Earth and Environment, Maths/Earth and Environment Building, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:M. Belachew;M. Belachew5Boone Pickens School of Geology, Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USASearch for other works by this author on:S. Carn;S. Carn6Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Tech, 630 Dow Environmental Sciences, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USASearch for other works by this author on:D. Eastwell;D. Eastwell2National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKSearch for other works by this author on:J. O. S. Hammond;J. O. S. Hammond7Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:A. Ayele;A. Ayele8Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, Arat Kilo Campus, Addis Ababa, PO Box 1176, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:C. Oppenheimer;C. Oppenheimer1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UKSearch for other works by this author on:T. WrightT. Wright4School of Earth and Environment, Maths/Earth and Environment Building, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Use of a high-precision gravity survey to understand the formation of oceanic crust and the role of melt at the southern Red Sea rift in Afar, EthiopiaAuthor(s)E. Lewi;E. Lewi1Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, King George VI Street, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:D. Keir;D. Keir2National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Y. Birhanu;Y. Birhanu3Department of Geosciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive #1296, Missoula, MT 59812-1296, USASearch for other works by this author on:J. Blundy;J. Blundy4School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:G. Stuart;G. Stuart5School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:T. Wright;T. Wright5School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:E. CalaisE. Calais6Department of Geosciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS 8538, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris cedex 05, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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Does the lava lake of Erta ‘Ale volcano respond to regional magmatic and tectonic events? An investigation using Earth Observation dataAuthor(s)T. D. Barnie;T. D. Barnie1Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK2Present address: Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UKSearch for other works by this author on:C. Oppenheimer;C. Oppenheimer2Present address: Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UKSearch for other works by this author on:C. PagliC. Pagli3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, ItalySearch for other works by this author on:
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Strong clockwise block rotation of the Ali-Sabieh/Aïsha Block: evidence for opening of the Afar Depression by a ‘saloon-door’ mechanismAuthor(s)Tesfaye KidaneTesfaye KidaneSchool of Earth Science, College of Natural Science, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:
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A major dyke swarm in the Ogaden region south of Afar and the early evolution of the Afar triple junctionAuthor(s)D. Mège;D. Mège1WROONA Research Group, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Wrocław, 75 Podwale St., 50449 Wrocław, Poland2Laboratoire de planétologie et géodynamique, UMR CNRS 6112, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, cedex, France3Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers Nantes Atlantique (OSUNA, CNRS UMS 3281), Nantes, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:P. Purcell;P. Purcell4P & R Geological Consultants, 141 Hastings St, Scarborough, WA, 6019, AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:A. Bézos;A. Bézos2Laboratoire de planétologie et géodynamique, UMR CNRS 6112, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, cedex, France3Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers Nantes Atlantique (OSUNA, CNRS UMS 3281), Nantes, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:F. Jourdan;F. Jourdan5Western Australia Argon Isotope Facility, Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, AustraliaSearch for other works by this author on:C. LaC. La2Laboratoire de planétologie et géodynamique, UMR CNRS 6112, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, cedex, France3Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers Nantes Atlantique (OSUNA, CNRS UMS 3281), Nantes, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:
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Mid-ocean ridges and continental margins
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Tectonic and magmatic segmentation of the Global Ocean Ridge System: a synthesis of observationsAuthor(s)Suzanne M. Carbotte;Suzanne M. Carbotte1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USASearch for other works by this author on:Deborah K. Smith;Deborah K. Smith2Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole Massachusetts 02543, USASearch for other works by this author on:Mathilde Cannat;Mathilde Cannat3Equipe de Géosciences Marines, CNRS-UMR 7154, Institut de Physique du Globe, 1 rue Jussieu, 75238 Paris cedex 05, FranceSearch for other works by this author on:Emily M. KleinEmily M. Klein4Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USASearch for other works by this author on:
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Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland: an onshore part of the Mid-Atlantic plate boundaryAuthor(s)Á. R. Hjartardóttir;Á. R. HjartardóttirInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandSearch for other works by this author on:P. Einarsson;P. EinarssonInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandSearch for other works by this author on:S. Magnúsdóttir;S. MagnúsdóttirInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandSearch for other works by this author on:Þ. Björnsdóttir;Þ. BjörnsdóttirInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandSearch for other works by this author on:B. BrandsdóttirB. BrandsdóttirInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandSearch for other works by this author on:
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The late rifting phase and continental break-up of the southern South Atlantic: the mode and timing of volcanic rifting and formation of earliest oceanic crustAuthor(s)H. Koopmann;H. Koopmann1Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Department 1: Energy Resources, Mineral Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30177 Hannover, Germany2Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Mineralogie, Callinstraße 3, 30167 Hannover, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:B. Schreckenberger;B. Schreckenberger1Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Department 1: Energy Resources, Mineral Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30177 Hannover, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:D. Franke;D. Franke1Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Department 1: Energy Resources, Mineral Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30177 Hannover, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:K. Becker;K. Becker1Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Department 1: Energy Resources, Mineral Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30177 Hannover, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:M. SchnabelM. Schnabel1Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Department 1: Energy Resources, Mineral Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30177 Hannover, GermanySearch for other works by this author on:
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Hazards from magmatic rifts
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Seismicity of the central Afar rift and implications for Tendaho dam hazardsAuthor(s)Atalay Ayele;Atalay Ayele1Institute of Geophysics Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:Cynthia J. Ebinger;Cynthia J. Ebinger2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USASearch for other works by this author on:Carolyn Van Alstyne;Carolyn Van Alstyne2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USASearch for other works by this author on:Derek Keir;Derek Keir3Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Casey W. Nixon;Casey W. Nixon3Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKSearch for other works by this author on:Manahloh Belachew;Manahloh Belachew2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USASearch for other works by this author on:James O. S. HammondJames O. S. Hammond4Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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Ethiopian volcanic hazards: a changing research landscapeAuthor(s)C. Vye-Brown;C. Vye-Brown1British Geological Survey, The Lyell Centre, Research Avenue South, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UKSearch for other works by this author on:R. S. J. Sparks;R. S. J. Sparks2School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UKSearch for other works by this author on:E. Lewi;E. Lewi3Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:G. Mewa;G. Mewa3Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:A. Asrat;A. Asrat4School of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaSearch for other works by this author on:S. C. Loughlin;S. C. Loughlin1British Geological Survey, The Lyell Centre, Research Avenue South, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UKSearch for other works by this author on:K. Mee;K. Mee5British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UKSearch for other works by this author on:T. J. WrightT. J. Wright6School of Earth and Environment, Maths/Earth and Environment Building, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKSearch for other works by this author on:
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