The Amazonian Craton is host to one of Earth’s largest Proterozoic silicic large igneous provinces (SLIPs), the Orocaima SLIP (ca. 1.98 Ga). Nevertheless, the mechanism(s) responsible for this large-flux felsic magmatic event and its relationships with regional tectonics and/or mantle processes remain debated. New geochronologic and geochemical results from multiple mafic dike swarms in the Amazonian Craton, namely the Guaniamo, Rio Aro, El Manteco-Supamo, and Goboy swarms, reveal a close temporal, spatial, and geochemical association with the Orocaima SLIP. The radiating arrangement of these swarms spanning 90° of arc, their strongly tholeiitic geochemical affinity, and their short-lived emplacement ca. 1.98 Ga including in regions far from any inferred subducting plate margins all strongly suggest: (1) an intraplate, plume-related origin, and (2) a radiating arrangement defining a plume center located at ∼2.5°N, 61.2°W, near the SW margin of proto-Amazonia at the time and coinciding with the location of the Takutu graben. Discovery of this previously unrecognized radiating swarm array, herein grouped within a proposed Yanomami large igneous province, and its close spatial and temporal association with the Orocaima SLIP suggests a plume-triggered origin for SLIP development, thus arguing against accretionary models for the origin of the Orocaima silicic magmatic belt.
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Research Article|
May 09, 2025
Early Publication
A mantle-plume trigger for one of Earth’s largest Precambrian silicic large igneous provinces in the Amazonian Craton Available to Purchase
Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia;
Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia
1
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Richard E. Ernst;
Richard E. Ernst
2
Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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Salomon Kroonenberg;
Salomon Kroonenberg
3
Faculty of Technological Sciences, Anton de Kom University, Paramaribo, Suriname
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Franco Urbani;
Franco Urbani
4
Departamento de Geología,Universidad Central, Caracas, Venezuela
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Ulf Söderlund;
Ulf Söderlund
5
Department of Geology, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden
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Sandra Kamo;
Sandra Kamo
6
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
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Madeline Lewis;
Madeline Lewis
7
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA8
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA
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Michael P. Eddy;
Michael P. Eddy
7
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Scott A. Maclennan;
Scott A. Maclennan
1
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA9
School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, Republic of South Africa
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Paul Antonio;
Paul Antonio
10
Géosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier 34095, France
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Paul R.D. Mason;
Paul R.D. Mason
11
Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
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Hafida El Bilali
Hafida El Bilali
2
Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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Mauricio Ibañez-Mejia
1
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
Richard E. Ernst
2
Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
Salomon Kroonenberg
3
Faculty of Technological Sciences, Anton de Kom University, Paramaribo, Suriname
Franco Urbani
4
Departamento de Geología,Universidad Central, Caracas, Venezuela
Ulf Söderlund
5
Department of Geology, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden
Sandra Kamo
6
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
Madeline Lewis
7
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA8
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA
Michael P. Eddy
7
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
Scott A. Maclennan
1
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA9
School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, Republic of South Africa
Paul Antonio
10
Géosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier 34095, France
Paul R.D. Mason
11
Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
Hafida El Bilali
2
Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Received:
23 Jan 2025
Revision Received:
11 Apr 2025
Accepted:
25 Apr 2025
First Online:
09 May 2025
Online ISSN: 1943-2682
Print ISSN: 0091-7613
© 2025 Geological Society of America
Geology (2025)
Article history
Received:
23 Jan 2025
Revision Received:
11 Apr 2025
Accepted:
25 Apr 2025
First Online:
09 May 2025
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CitationMauricio Ibañez-Mejia, Richard E. Ernst, Salomon Kroonenberg, Franco Urbani, Ulf Söderlund, Sandra Kamo, Madeline Lewis, Michael P. Eddy, Scott A. Maclennan, Paul Antonio, Paul R.D. Mason, Hafida El Bilali; A mantle-plume trigger for one of Earth’s largest Precambrian silicic large igneous provinces in the Amazonian Craton. Geology 2025; doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G53164.1
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