In the Naran region of the Pakistan Himalayas, a regionally distributed second generation of folds results from northward-directed shear deformation. These folds are collapse structures associated with back sliding of the hanging wall, namely the Kohistan paleo–island arc. They are explained by a geometrical model that combines coeval vertical and horizontal shortening. Accordingly, they are synconvergence collapse features that indicate at least 5 km of vertical shortening of the imbricate thrust slices derived from the Indian continent in the northwest Himalayas.

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