Military Geosciences in the Twenty-First Century
Military geosciences are concerned with using the broad scope of the earth sciences for military purposes. These purposes range from direct support for military operations to a broad spectrum of non-combat military activities and military land management applications. Historically, the focus has been on geology and geography, but other earth science disciplines such as geophysics, remote sensing, and geocomputation have become increasingly important as a consequence of technological progress made during the final decades of the twentieth century. The eighteen chapters in this volume address the critical aspects of the role of geosciences in military undertakings by focusing on historical perspectives, geoscience for military operations, and military environmental stewardship.
Environmental metrics for assessing optimal littoral penetration points and beach staging locations: Amphibious training grounds, Onslow Beach, North Carolina, USA
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Published:January 01, 2014
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CiteCitation
Heidi M. Wadman, Jesse E. McNinch, Amy Foxgrover, 2014. "Environmental metrics for assessing optimal littoral penetration points and beach staging locations: Amphibious training grounds, Onslow Beach, North Carolina, USA", Military Geosciences in the Twenty-First Century, Russell S. Harmon, Sophie E. Baker, Eric V. McDonald
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Abstract
The dynamic nature of coastal morphology and oceanographic conditions poses a particular challenge to transporting personnel and equipment across a land-sea interface, e.g., locating the position of potentially hazardous bathymetric features, and assessing the stability of beach staging areas over time scales ranging from hours to months. In addition, feedbacks among (1) nearshore bathymetry, (2) waves and nearshore circulation, and (3) underlying geology directly affect the morphology of the adjacent beach as well as the shoreline’s response to storm events, resulting in localized erosional “hotspots.” These hotspots are potentially hazardous for equipment and personnel staging along the beach, but they are not easily identifiable from a time-series of aerial photographs alone.
We identify several environmental metrics necessary for the reliable prediction of potential coastal landing and staging hazards, including: (1) nearshore bathymetric gradients, (2) nearshore sediment volume, and (3) changes in shoreline and vegetation line position. Coupled with a quantitative understanding of the relevant coastal processes, these data allow an assessment of potential nearshore bathymetric hazards and realistic predictions of short-term shoreline stability and thus suitability for the temporary staging of equipment and personnel. These metrics are applied to Onslow Beach, North Carolina, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, the largest amphibious training ground in the United States, and they are used to identify potential amphibious transit and staging hazards along the entire coastal zone, from the beach out to ~11 m water depth.
- aerial photography
- Atlantic Coastal Plain
- bathymetry
- beaches
- erosion features
- geophysical methods
- history
- imagery
- mapping
- military geology
- North Carolina
- Onslow Bay
- Onslow County North Carolina
- remote sensing
- sediments
- seismic methods
- shore features
- shorelines
- stability
- storms
- United States
- vegetation
- Camp Lejeune
- New River Inlet
- Onslow Beach