Floods, Faults, and Fire: Geological Field Trips in Washington State and Southwest British Columbia
The ten geological field guides presented in this volume explore key areas of the geologist’s Paradise that is Washington State and British Columbia. These trips investigate a wide variety of geologic and geographic terrains, from the dry steppe of the channeled scablands and Columbia River basalt group to the east, across the glaciated and forested Cascade arc and Coast Mountains, to the geologically complex islands in the west. This guidebook may be unique in that four of the trips utilize boats to reach remote field areas and are therefore rarely visited by geologists. Although these trips were guided during the 2007 GSA Cordilleran Section meeting, the guides were written to ensure that people can easily guide their own trips. The result provides an excellent source of exciting, thought-provoking geologic adventures for years to come.
Early Fraser glacial history of the Skagit valley, Washington
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Published:January 01, 2007
Abstract
The primary objective of this two-day field trip is to examine sediments from the Evans Creek stade of the early Fraser Glaciation at four key sections along the Skagit River near Concrete and the shoreline of Ross Lake. These sediments provide important new information on the timing and extent of alpine glacier advances during the Evans Creek stade (early Fraser Glaciation). In lower Skagit valley at Cedar Grove, glacial drift overlies an organic bed that yielded a radiocarbon age of 25,040 14C yr B.P.; this age is a maximum limiting date for the Evans Creek stade. Three radiocar-bon ages within 400 years of 24,000 14C yr B.P. record damming of upper Skagit valley by the Big Beaver alpine glacier. The ice dam created glacial Lake Skymo, which persisted until at least 18,020 14C yr B.P., suggesting that Cascade glaciers remained at advanced positions throughout most of the Evans Creek stade. However, growth of a forest on early Evans Creek drift at Cedar Grove 20,730 14C yr B.P. requires at least some recession of the Baker valley glacier. An increase in the number of lowland and montane macrofossils in glacial Lake Skymo sediments after 20,770 14C yr B.P. is consistent with a mid–Evans Creek stade warm interval. Sometime after 20,730 14C yr B.P., the Baker valley glacier overrode the forest bed and deposited till at Cedar Grove. The advance dammed Skagit River and created glacial Lake Concrete, which persisted until about 16,400 14C yr B.P.
- absolute age
- C-14
- carbon
- Cascade Range
- Cenozoic
- climate effects
- Cordilleran ice sheet
- dates
- digital terrain models
- drainage
- field trips
- Fraser Glaciation
- guidebook
- isotopes
- lacustrine sedimentation
- last glacial maximum
- lithostratigraphy
- North America
- North American Cordillera
- Pleistocene
- Quaternary
- radioactive isotopes
- reconstruction
- sedimentation
- Skagit County Washington
- Skagit Valley
- United States
- upper Pleistocene
- upper Wisconsinan
- Washington
- Wisconsinan
- Evans Creek Stade