Analogs for Planetary Exploration
The marine-target Wetumpka impact structure examined in the field and by shallow core-hole drilling
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Published:December 01, 2011
The Wetumpka impact structure (near the town of Wetumpka, Alabama) has a semicircular crystalline rim that is ~5 km in diameter. This marine-target impact structure developed in both poorly consolidated, water-saturated sediments and underlying crystalline basement. Previous studies have described a semicircular, crystalline rim, an interior structure-filling unit, and an exterior disturbed terrain developed within the sedimentary target sequence outside the southwestern part of the central basement crater. Based on new field and drill-core observations, we recognize the following specific structural and lithological features: overturned crystalline rim flap; slumped interior megablock terrain; central polymict breccia (originating as near-field ejecta); interior marine chalk deposits and reworked glauconitic sands (formed by resurge and postimpact deposition); and a collapsed southern part of the rim with overturned flap (mainly developed within the sedimentary target rocks). In this paper, we describe the origin of these features and present a new reconstructed sequence of events.
- Alabama
- basement
- breccia
- carbonate rocks
- chalk
- collapse structures
- cores
- Cretaceous
- debris flows
- drilling
- ejecta
- impact breccia
- impact craters
- impact features
- impactites
- marine environment
- mass movements
- Mesozoic
- metamorphic rocks
- Mooreville Chalk
- resurgence
- sea water
- sedimentary rocks
- shallow depth
- slumping
- United States
- Upper Cretaceous
- target rocks
- Wetumpka Crater