Crater-fill impact breccia and basement rock samples from the 1.07 Ma Bosumtwi impact structure (Ghana) were recovered for the first time in 2004 during an International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)–sponsored drilling project. Here, we present detailed results of major- and trace-element analyses of 119 samples from drill core LB-08A, together with the chemical compositions of melt particles from suevite. The meta-graywacke and phyllite/slate crater basement rocks can be easily distinguished from each other on the basis of their bulk chemical compositions. A comparison of the chemical compositions of crater-fill and fallout suevites, as well as between proximal and distal impactites, reveals that LB-08A suevites have higher MgO, CaO, and Na₂O contents than fallout suevites and, similarly, that the CaO and Na₂O contents are higher by a factor of approximately two in LB-08A suevites than in Ivory Coast tektites. Noticeable differences occur in Cr, Co, and Ni contents between the different impactites; higher abundances are observed for these elements in distal impactites. The observed differences in composition in the various impactites mainly reflect mixing of different proportions of the original target lithologies, as can be seen in the differences in the clast populations between crater-fill and fallout suevites. However, the original impactite compositions may have also been modified by postimpact alteration, particularly in the proximal impactites. Melt particles in suevite show significant differences in major-element compositions between the different samples investigated, but also within a given sample, indicating that they represent melts derived from different lithologies.