The Bashkirian to Sakmarian-Artinskian Itararé subgroup provides a record of the evolution of the Permian-Carboniferous glaciation in the Paraná Basin (Brazil). The glaciogenic succession was deposited under the influence of glaciers incoming from southwestern Africa. This paper presents an overview of the third-order sequence stratigraphy of that succession and a biostratigraphic summary, showing that: (1) the most complete and thick outcrop portion of the glaciogenic succession occurs in the northeastern part of the Paraná Basin, where several (at least nine) major cycles of ice advance and retreat can be recognized during the development of the Itararé subgroup; (2) biostratigraphically, two well-defined stratigraphic gaps within the Permian-Carboniferous succession are recognized, one within the Itararé subgroup, related to the Lapa–Vila Velha incised valley fill, and another at the Itararé–Rio Bonito boundary, both of which represent regional sequence boundaries; and (3) the transition between palynozones Crucisaccites monoletus and Vittatina costabilis is associated with the maximum flooding surface represented by the marine Lontras Shale, a regional marker bed located in the upper third of the glaciogenic succession.