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Properties of H2O at elevated pressure and temperature are of fundamental importance in both condensed matter physics and planetary sciences. We studied behavior of H2O in externally heated diamond anvil cells (DACs) at pressures up to 50 GPa and temperatures to 1150 K by combining visual observations, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. The melting curve of H2O was found to be well described by the Simon equation P(GPa) = 2.2 + 1.31{[T(K)/364]3.3 – 1}. Above 30 GPa and 950 K, using visual observations and Raman spectroscopy, we found an X-ray amorphous phase clearly distinct from liquid H2O. The new material reversibly transforms to ice VII and can be obtained on cooling or compression of liquid H2O, which suggests that the high-pressure, high-temperature amorphous phase may be thermodynamically stable.

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