Linkages and Feedbacks in Orogenic Systems
Quartz inclusions in garnet: Time capsules of early mountain building
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Published:September 11, 2017
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CiteCitation
Kyle T. Ashley, Richard D. Law, Robert J. Bodnar, Kenneth A. Eriksson, 2017. "Quartz inclusions in garnet: Time capsules of early mountain building", Linkages and Feedbacks in Orogenic Systems, Richard D. Law, J. Ryan Thigpen, Arthur J. Merschat, Harold H. Stowell
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ABSTRACT
Much of the early prograde history in metamorphic rocks is lost due to overprinting at near-peak conditions or through retrograde modification during exhumation. Fortunately, inclusions encapsulated in rigid porphyroblasts may preserve a record of early burial conditions. Quartz inclusions in garnet porphyroblasts from the Strafford Dome, eastern Vermont, have homogeneous Ti concentrations ([Ti]) that differ from matrix quartz, which retains a history of Si-liberating metamorphic reactions and fluid influx. We applied growth-composition models to evaluate potential processes associated with Ti partitioning in quartz before encapsulation in garnet, including a model for constant-volume growth of quartz due to mineral dissolution-transfer processes and growth as a result of Si-liberating diagenetic and metamorphic reactions. Because these processes typically occur at low temperatures, quartz with exceedingly low [Ti] (<<1 ppm) would be formed and cannot account for the homogeneous Ti distribution at concentrations between 2.5 and 5 ppm observed in the sample. This suggests that chemical reequilibration through dynamic recrystallization must have taken place prior to encapsulation in garnet. Analysis of fluid and graphite inclusions with Raman spectroscopy in different microstructural settings allowed the characterization of fluid composition and temperature of microstructure development early in the prograde history. The findings from this study exemplify the utility of garnet hosts to shield inclusion minerals from chemical modification and recrystallization during later events. As such, they provide a window into the early stages of orogenesis and provide insights concerning the mechanisms controlling equilibration of quartz.
- crystal growth
- crystal zoning
- Devonian
- fluid inclusions
- framework silicates
- garnet group
- Gile Mountain Formation
- graphite
- inclusions
- metamorphic rocks
- metamorphism
- mineral inclusions
- models
- native elements
- nesosilicates
- orthosilicates
- P-T conditions
- Paleozoic
- prograde metamorphism
- quartz
- Raman spectra
- schists
- silica minerals
- silicates
- spectra
- United States
- Vermont
- east-central Vermont
- Strafford Dome