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Stratigraphy makes use of numerous named divisions of the rock bodies making up the Earth's crust. It is essential that these named units have their attributes clearly stated and their boundaries clearly defined so that all who use them will start with the same basic understanding of their meaning and so that there will be a common standard for their identification away from the place where they were defined and named. An area of exposure (or a well, or mine) that may be examined and studied by those interested provides an essential part of the establishment of a stratigraphic unit and a useful aid to its identification—a stratotype (type section) for layered sedimentary and volcanic sequences, a type locality for units composed of nonlayered igneous or meta-morphic rocks.

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