Geologic and engineering characterization of Tierra Blanca pyroclastic ash deposits

Reinaldo Rolo; Julian J. Bommer; Bruce F. Houghton; James W. Vallance; Panagiotis Berdousis; Christina Mavrommati; William Murphy

doi:10.1130/0-8137-2375-2.55

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Geologic and engineering characterization of Tierra Blanca pyroclastic ash deposits

Author(s)

Reinaldo Rolo

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK

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Julian J. Bommer

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK

Corresponding author: Bommer, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; j.bommer@imperial.ac.uk. Present address, Vallance: U.S. Geological Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Court, Bldg. 10, Suite 100, Vancouver, Washington, USA.

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Bruce F. Houghton

Department of Geology and Geophysics, SOEST-University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA

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James W. Vallance

Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke St. West, Montréal, Québec, H3A 2K6, Canada

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Panagiotis Berdousis

Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK

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Christina Mavrommati

Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK

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William Murphy

School of Earth Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK

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Doi:

https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2375-2.55

Published:

January 01, 2004

The pyroclastic deposits, known as Tierra Blanca Joven, underlie most of metropolitan San Salvador and other areas surrounding Lake Ilopango. The Tierra Blanca Joven deposits are products of a complex sequence of pyroclastic flows and falls that occurred during the A.D. 430 eruption of Ilopango Caldera. Very fine, compact white ash-lapilli predominates in both flow and fall units. Laboratory tests carried out on high-quality, undisturbed Tierra Blanca Joven samples show negative pore-water pressures and weak cementation. They also reveal how the strength and compressibility of these sediments can change significantly when the suction and bonding are lost upon soaking or...

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