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Handbook of Physical Constants
GSA Special Papers

Handbook of Physical Constants

Author(s)
Francis Birch Chairman
Francis Birch Chairman
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J. F. Schairer
J. F. Schairer
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H. Cecil Spicer
H. Cecil Spicer
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Geological Society of America
Volume
36
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE36
Copyright:
© 1942 Geological Society of America
Geological Society of America
ISBN print:
9780813720364
Publication date:
January 01, 1942
Book Chapter

Elasticity (Except Compressibility)

Author(s)
Francis Birch
Francis Birch
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Doi:
https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE36-p63
  • Published:
    January 01, 1942

  Contents   
    Page 
Table 5  1. Elasticity of single crystals  66 
  1.1. Extreme values of Young’s modulus and of rigidity in certain metal single crystals  69 
  1.2. Effect of temperature on the elasticity of quartz  70 
  2. Elasticity of polycrystalline metals at ordinary pressure and temperature; effect of pressure on rigidity  71 
  3. Effect of temperature on the elasticity of polycrystalline metals  72 
  4. Elastic constants of rocks at ordinary pressure and temperature  73 
  5. Effect of stress on Young’s modulus of rocks  78 
  6. Effect of stress on Young’s modulus and on σ in granite.  79 
  7. Effect of moisture upon velocity in Amherst sandstone  79 
  8. Elastic parameters of certain rocks at 4,000 kg.cm−2 and 30°C  80 
  9. Rigidity and velocity of shear waves, in rocks, as function of pressure  81 
  10. Effect of temperature on the velocity of shear waves in rocks at high pressure  83 
  11. Elasticity of glass and glassy rocks; effect of pressure upon rigidity  84 
  12. Effect of temperature on elasticity of glasses  85 
  13. Elasticity of rocks from seismic determinations  86 
  Contents   
    Page 
Table 5  1. Elasticity of single crystals  66 
  1.1. Extreme values of Young’s modulus and of rigidity in certain metal single crystals  69 
  1.2. Effect of temperature on the elasticity of quartz  70 
  2. Elasticity of polycrystalline metals at ordinary pressure and temperature; effect of pressure on rigidity  71 
  3. Effect of temperature on the elasticity of polycrystalline metals  72 
  4. Elastic constants of rocks at ordinary pressure and temperature  73 
  5. Effect of stress on Young’s modulus of rocks  78 
  6. Effect of stress on Young’s modulus and on σ in granite.  79 
  7. Effect of moisture upon velocity in Amherst sandstone  79 
  8. Elastic parameters of certain rocks at 4,000 kg.cm−2 and 30°C  80 
  9. Rigidity and velocity of shear waves, in rocks, as function of pressure  81 
  10. Effect of temperature on the velocity of shear waves in rocks at high pressure  83 
  11. Elasticity of glass and glassy rocks; effect of pressure upon rigidity  84 
  12. Effect of temperature on elasticity of glasses  85 
  13. Elasticity of rocks from seismic determinations  86 
View Large

(For compressibility, see Section 4.)

(For velocities determined in the field, see Section 7.)

For sufficiently small stresses, two elastic “constants” are necessary and sufficient to determine the elastic behavior of a homogeneous, isotropic, elastic solid. Various pairs of constants are in common use; those usually measured in the laboratory are Young’s modulus E, the modulus of rigidity or the shear modulus G, Poisson’s ratio σ, and the compressibility β or its. . . .

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