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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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East Africa
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Kenya (1)
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Lake Turkana (1)
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania
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Paleozoic
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-
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Primary terms
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absolute age (16)
-
Africa
-
East Africa
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Kenya (1)
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Lake Turkana (1)
-
Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania
-
Olduvai Gorge (1)
-
-
Uganda (1)
-
-
East African Lakes
-
Lake Albert (1)
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Lake Turkana (1)
-
-
Nile River (2)
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
Libya
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Sirte Basin (1)
-
-
Tunisia (2)
-
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Nubian Shield (1)
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Southern Africa
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (1)
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Transvaal region (1)
-
-
-
-
Arctic region
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Greenland
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East Greenland (1)
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Skaergaard Intrusion (2)
-
-
-
Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (1)
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Baikal rift zone (1)
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Heilongjiang China (1)
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Qilian Mountains (1)
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Qinghai China (1)
-
Shanxi China (1)
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Songliao Basin (1)
-
-
Philippine Islands
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Luzon
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Taal (1)
-
-
-
-
Indian Peninsula
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India
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-
Kutch India (1)
-
-
-
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Middle East
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Israel
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Elath Israel (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
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atmosphere (1)
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biogeography (1)
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brines (3)
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Canada
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Western Canada
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (5)
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C-14 (8)
-
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Barbados (1)
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-
-
-
-
Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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upper Holocene (2)
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Pleistocene
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Lake Lahontan (1)
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upper Pleistocene (5)
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upper Quaternary (4)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
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Pliocene
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upper Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Green River Formation (1)
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Lake Gosiute (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
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Pisces (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Primates
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Pyrenees
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closed systems
Experimental Investigation on Strength and Crack Mechanism of Rock-Like Samples with Open-Closed Cross-Flaws under Uniaxial Compression
Open–closed–open palaeofluid system conditions recorded in the tectonic vein networks of the Parmelan anticline (Bornes Massif, France)
Ultrapotassic Aluminosilicate Melts: Specifics of Formation by the Example of Synnyrites from the Synnyr Massif
Uranium–Thorium Dating of Speleothems
The deep magmatic cumulate roots of the Acadian orogen, eastern North America
Melting and Parageneses of Global Subducting Water-Enriched Sediment in Closed and Open Systems: Experiment and Thermodynamic Modeling
Palaeomagnetic dating of hydrothermal alteration in the Woodford Shale, Oklahoma, USA
Reactive Transport of Stable Isotopes
Fluid Inclusions Study of Trapiche and Non-Trapiche Rubies from the Mong Hsu Deposit, Myanmar
Abstract The analysis of mid-scale distributive fluvial systems (DFS) provides an opportunity to study fluvial depositional patterns in sedimentary basins in a manner similar to megafans, but under the more homogeneous external conditions that control small alluvial fans from the source area to the depositional area. Four mid-scale Quaternary DFS and the areas of their drainage basins were analysed with the aim of understanding and predicting the mechanism and magnitude of fluvial fan deposition. These DFS were located in the Gastre Basin, Argentina, an endorheic basin that has evolved during the Quaternary under relatively uniform climatic and tectonic conditions. Using a geomorphological and sedimentological approach, the measured areas of the DFS were compared with the calculated areas using different regression equations for variables such as the drainage basin area and the drainage basin slope. The results suggest a moderate to high percentage of deviation in all cases, indicating that at an intermediate scale the size of the DFS is not solely a function of the size of the drainage basin. Adjacent DFS with similar depositional areas and catchment bedrock lithologies were linked with very different drainage basin areas and vice versa. This study suggests that the horizontal accommodation space, determined by the incision and distribution of previous deposits, and the drainage basin slope may also influence the size of mid-scale DFS.
Coupling of fluid flow to permeability development in mid- to upper crustal environments: a tale of three pressures
Abstract Orogenic gold systems are open, flow-controlled thermodynamic systems and generally occur in mid- to upper crustal environments where there is strong coupling between fluid flow and dilatant plastic deformation. This paper considers the principles involved in such coupling, with an emphasis on the elastic and plastic volume changes and their influence on the fluid, mechanical and thermodynamic pressures. Some misconceptions regarding the magnitudes of these three distinctly different pressures and their influences on fluid flow and chemical equilibrium are addressed, with examples at both the tens of metres scale and the crustal scale. We show that the mean stress is less than twice the lithostatic stress for Mohr–Coulomb materials with cohesion and the thermodynamic pressure only has meaning under isentropic conditions and hence is less than many previously published estimates based on high mean stresses. At the crustal scale, we also include the role of critical behaviour in influencing the geometry and magnitudes of fluid pressure gradients and fluid flow velocities in open, flow-controlled systems.
Abstract: Deccan volcanism was synchronous with rifting along the west coast of India. Pre- and synmagmatic rifting has been widely reported in the Deccan Volcanic Province, but extension post-dating magmatism, and predating India–Eurasia collision, is less well known. A recent study in the Kachchh area of western India documented weathering of basalts to kaolinite at the base of Cenozoic rift basins, with rift flanks relatively less altered to smectites, and this was attributed to post-magmatic rifting. This study models basalt weathering under open- and closed-system conditions to simulate rainwater interacting with basalts either on topographical slopes (within rifts) or on flat-topped hills (flow tops). Both systems were modelled under p CO 2 conditions ranging from low, present-day values to higher values more appropriate for the end-Cretaceous–early Paleocene time, after basalt emplacement. The results show that if p CO 2 exceeded values of 10 −2.5 , basalts would be altered to kaolinite in both open and closed systems. Existing p CO 2 estimates in the aftermath of Deccan volcanism fall below this value, implying that the differential basalt weathering was more likely to have been caused by terminal to post-magmatic rifting. This indicates that extensional tectonics along the Indian west coast in the Kachchh region continued even after cessation of Deccan volcanism.