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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
West Greenland (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (1)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Patom Plateau (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian fold belt (1)
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Tuva Russian Federation
-
Sangilen Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Barracuda Ridge (1)
-
Hudson Bay (7)
-
Hudson Strait (1)
-
Labrador Sea (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Atlantic region (1)
-
Australasia
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Australia (1)
-
-
Baker Lake (2)
-
Black Hills (1)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (3)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (6)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (3)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
-
-
Newfoundland (14)
-
-
Ontario
-
Kenora District Ontario
-
Keewatin Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec (29)
-
-
Hudson Bay (7)
-
Labrador Trough (2)
-
Muskox Intrusion (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (6)
-
Boothia Peninsula (2)
-
Kaminak Lake (2)
-
Ungava Bay (2)
-
Wager Bay (1)
-
-
Ungava (17)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
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Alberta Basin (1)
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Medicine Hat Alberta (1)
-
-
Athabasca Basin (7)
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Athabasca District (7)
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British Columbia (2)
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Lake Athabasca (3)
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Manitoba
-
Lynn Lake Manitoba (4)
-
Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
-
Thompson nickel belt (5)
-
-
Northwest Territories
-
Great Slave Lake (4)
-
Nonacho Basin (1)
-
-
Reindeer Zone (1)
-
Saskatchewan
-
Beaverlodge (3)
-
Key Lake Deposits (1)
-
La Ronge Domain (3)
-
La Ronge Saskatchewan (1)
-
Wollaston Lake Belt (1)
-
-
-
-
Churchill Falls (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Patom Plateau (1)
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Tuva Russian Federation
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Sangilen Mountains (1)
-
-
-
-
Eurasia (1)
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Europe
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Norway (1)
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Western Gneiss region (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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Scotland
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Front Range (1)
-
Grand Canyon (1)
-
Hanson Lake (1)
-
Iron Mountain (1)
-
Jack Hills (1)
-
Martin Lake (1)
-
Melville Peninsula (3)
-
North America
-
Basin and Range Province (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Bear Province (2)
-
Churchill Province
-
Cape Smith fold belt (27)
-
Hearne Province (36)
-
Rae Province (51)
-
Snowbird tectonic zone (12)
-
-
Flin Flon Belt (5)
-
Grenville Province (7)
-
Makkovik Province (1)
-
Nain Province (10)
-
Slave Province (13)
-
Superior Province (31)
-
Taltson magmatic zone (9)
-
-
Great Plains
-
Northern Great Plains (2)
-
-
North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
-
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North American Craton (1)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Bitterroot Range
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Beaverhead Mountains (1)
-
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
Tendoy Range (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (3)
-
-
Peace River (1)
-
United States
-
Arizona (1)
-
Kansas
-
Riley County Kansas (1)
-
-
Midcontinent (3)
-
Midwest (1)
-
Minnesota
-
Duluth Complex (1)
-
-
Montana
-
Beaverhead County Montana
-
Tendoy Range (1)
-
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
North Dakota (1)
-
South Dakota
-
Custer County South Dakota (1)
-
Lawrence County South Dakota (1)
-
Pennington County South Dakota (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Bitterroot Range
-
Beaverhead Mountains (1)
-
-
Little Belt Mountains (1)
-
Tendoy Range (1)
-
-
Western U.S. (1)
-
Wyoming (2)
-
Wyoming Province (9)
-
Yavapai Province (1)
-
-
-
commodities
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diamond deposits (2)
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metal ores
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base metals (1)
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beryllium ores (1)
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cobalt ores (5)
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copper ores (15)
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gold ores (13)
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iron ores (1)
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lithium ores (1)
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molybdenum ores (1)
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nickel ores (17)
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niobium ores (1)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (7)
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polymetallic ores (1)
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rare earth deposits (2)
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silver ores (2)
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tantalum ores (1)
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thorium ores (1)
-
uranium ores (17)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (28)
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mineral exploration (17)
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monazite deposits (1)
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oil and gas fields (1)
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-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (3)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (21)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (3)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (13)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (2)
-
uranium (3)
-
-
alkali metals
-
rubidium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
-
-
-
aluminum (1)
-
antimony (1)
-
copper (1)
-
gold (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
nickel (2)
-
platinum group
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (7)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (13)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
nitrogen (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (7)
-
K/Ar (2)
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
Nd/Nd (1)
-
paleomagnetism (9)
-
Pb/Pb (6)
-
Rb/Sr (10)
-
Re/Os (4)
-
Sm/Nd (10)
-
Th/U (2)
-
thermochronology (2)
-
U/Pb (57)
-
U/Th/Pb (2)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan
-
lower Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (1)
-
Aptian (1)
-
-
Viking Formation (1)
-
-
Jurassic (1)
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Triassic (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian (3)
-
Devonian (1)
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (13)
-
-
Kisseynew Complex (2)
-
Lewisian Complex (1)
-
middle Precambrian (3)
-
Prince Albert Group (2)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Athabasca Formation (2)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
Helikian (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Aphebian
-
Hurwitz Group (4)
-
-
Baker Lake Group (1)
-
Orosirian (1)
-
Rhyacian (1)
-
Wollaston Group (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (3)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
kimberlite (6)
-
picrite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (3)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
olivine gabbro (2)
-
troctolite (3)
-
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
charnockite (1)
-
leucogranite (2)
-
monzogranite (7)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (5)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (2)
-
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (4)
-
quartz monzonite (2)
-
syenites (1)
-
ultramafics
-
hornblendite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (2)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
basanite (1)
-
dacites (1)
-
komatiite (5)
-
meimechite (1)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (3)
-
eclogite (2)
-
gneisses
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
paragneiss (3)
-
-
granulites (6)
-
metacarbonate rocks (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metagabbro (3)
-
metagranite (2)
-
metakomatiite (1)
-
metapyroxenite (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (3)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
paragneiss (3)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (10)
-
migmatites
-
anatexite (1)
-
-
mylonites
-
ultramylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (3)
-
schists
-
greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (1)
-
turbidite (1)
-
-
minerals
-
alloys (1)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (3)
-
maucherite (1)
-
sperrylite (2)
-
-
bismuthides
-
michenerite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
-
-
native elements
-
diamond (2)
-
graphite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (2)
-
goethite (1)
-
hematite (3)
-
iron oxides (1)
-
magnetite (1)
-
perovskite (1)
-
pitchblende (1)
-
spinel (1)
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
uraninite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (2)
-
fluorapatite (2)
-
monazite (13)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (2)
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
hornblende (5)
-
-
-
pyroxene group (1)
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
-
barium feldspar
-
hyalophane (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (3)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
andradite (1)
-
-
kasolite (1)
-
olivine group
-
olivine (2)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (5)
-
-
uranophane (1)
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (1)
-
zircon (34)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
clay minerals (1)
-
illite (1)
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
phlogopite (4)
-
-
serpentine group
-
serpentine (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (3)
-
galena (1)
-
iron sulfides (1)
-
pentlandite (1)
-
pyrite (1)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
stibnite (2)
-
ullmannite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
freibergite (1)
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites (1)
-
-
tellurides
-
altaite (1)
-
hessite (1)
-
-
uranium minerals (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (75)
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Kaapvaal Craton (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
West Greenland (2)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (1)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
-
-
Patom Plateau (1)
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian fold belt (1)
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Tuva Russian Federation
-
Sangilen Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Barracuda Ridge (1)
-
Hudson Bay (7)
-
Hudson Strait (1)
-
Labrador Sea (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Atlantic region (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (3)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (6)
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (3)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
-
-
Newfoundland (14)
-
-
Ontario
-
Kenora District Ontario
-
Keewatin Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec (29)
-
-
Hudson Bay (7)
-
Labrador Trough (2)
-
Muskox Intrusion (1)
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (6)
-
Boothia Peninsula (2)
-
Kaminak Lake (2)
-
Ungava Bay (2)
-
Wager Bay (1)
-
-
Ungava (17)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (1)
-
Medicine Hat Alberta (1)
-
-
Athabasca Basin (7)
-
Athabasca District (7)
-
British Columbia (2)
-
Canadian Cordillera (1)
-
Lake Athabasca (3)
-
Manitoba
-
Lynn Lake Manitoba (4)
-
Snow Lake Manitoba (1)
-
Thompson nickel belt (5)
-
-
Northwest Territories
-
Great Slave Lake (4)
-
Nonacho Basin (1)
-
-
Reindeer Zone (1)
-
Saskatchewan
-
Beaverlodge (3)
-
Key Lake Deposits (1)
-
La Ronge Domain (3)
-
La Ronge Saskatchewan (1)
-
Wollaston Lake Belt (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Wisconsinan
-
lower Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
continental drift (3)
-
crust (53)
-
crystal chemistry (2)
-
crystal growth (4)
-
crystal structure (2)
-
data processing (4)
-
deformation (24)
-
diagenesis (5)
-
diamond deposits (2)
-
economic geology (7)
-
Eurasia (1)
-
Europe
-
Western Europe
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway (1)
-
Western Gneiss region (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
Scotland
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (44)
-
folds (7)
-
foliation (6)
-
fractures (2)
-
geochemistry (31)
-
geochronology (22)
-
geomorphology (1)
-
geophysical methods (29)
-
geosynclines (1)
-
glacial geology (2)
-
heat flow (2)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (3)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (3)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
kimberlite (6)
-
picrite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (2)
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (3)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (1)
-
olivine gabbro (2)
-
troctolite (3)
-
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
charnockite (1)
-
leucogranite (2)
-
monzogranite (7)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (5)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (2)
-
-
monzonites
-
mangerite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (4)
-
quartz monzonite (2)
-
syenites (1)
-
ultramafics
-
hornblendite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (2)
-
harzburgite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
-
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Churchill Province
ABSTRACT Rapid midcrustal cooling (>10 °C/m.y.) is typical of Phanerozoic orogens, but it is less commonly reported from Precambrian orogenic belts. Abundant new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar (predominantly plateau) dates reveal a period of late, rapid cooling following slow postpeak metamorphic cooling during the evolution of the Paleoproterozoic Cape Smith belt, a greenschist- to amphibolite-facies foreland thrust belt in the ca. 1.83–1.76 Ga Trans-Hudson orogen. We conducted 40 Ar/ 39 Ar step-heating analyses on biotite, hornblende, and/or muscovite from 38 samples sourced from the thrust belt and its footwall basement, the Archean Superior craton. The 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from the Cape Smith belt and re-equilibrated Superior craton ranged ca. 1948–1708 Ma in biotite, ca. 1801–1697 Ma in muscovite, and ca. 1764–1694 Ma in hornblende. Of these, ~70% were ca. 1740–1700 Ma plateau dates, which we interpret as cooling ages following Cape Smith belt metamorphism; gas-release spectra of older outlying dates exhibit characteristics of excess Ar. Following the metamorphic thermal peak, the belt cooled at slow rates of up to ~1 °C/m.y. until ca. 1740 Ma. Concordant biotite, muscovite, and hornblende cooling dates of ca. 1740–1700 Ma require fast, late cooling of the belt (≥4 °C/m.y.) through upper midcrustal levels (~500–300 °C), and they allow for very rapid cooling rates (≤200 °C/m.y.). Accelerated cooling rates may have been triggered by uplift in response to detachment of lower crust or subcontinental lithosphere, facilitated by the postcollisional relaxation of isotherms and structural uplift in basement-involved folds. In Superior craton basement, ca. 2704–2667 Ma 40 Ar/ 39 Ar hornblende plateau dates reflect undisturbed cooling ages following Neoarchean metamorphism, whereas younger and wide-ranging 40 Ar/ 39 Ar biotite dates (ca. 2532–1743 Ma) with variable gas-release spectra suggest spatially heterogeneous degrees of Ar resetting in biotite during Cape Smith belt tectonism. Partially reset 40 Ar/ 39 Ar biotite dates in the Superior craton up to ~100 km south of the belt suggest that the pre-erosional thrust wedge extended at least that far south, and that it imposed a widespread low-temperature (<300 °C) and/or short-lived thermal overprint on the footwall basement. Integration of multimineral 40 Ar/ 39 Ar data with structural and metamorphic constraints for the Cape Smith belt indicates that modern-style postcollisional exhumation and rapid cooling were viable processes during the middle Paleoproterozoic.