Skip Nav Destination
Caledonian Orogeny
Update search
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
Filter
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Morocco
-
Rehamna (1)
-
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
West Africa
-
Guinea (1)
-
Mauritanides (3)
-
Niger (1)
-
Nigeria (1)
-
Senegal (1)
-
-
-
Alexander Terrane (1)
-
Anglesey (1)
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Alpha Cordillera (1)
-
Amerasia Basin (1)
-
Barents Sea (8)
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
Chukchi Sea (1)
-
East Siberian Sea (1)
-
Kara Sea (2)
-
Laptev Sea (1)
-
Norwegian Sea
-
More Basin (1)
-
Voring Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (32)
-
Kangerlussuaq (1)
-
Northern Greenland (12)
-
Peary Land (2)
-
-
Jan Mayen (1)
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Spitsbergen Island
-
Hornsund (1)
-
Ny Friesland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Arran (1)
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
Chongqing China (1)
-
Hunan China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China
-
Bayan Obo China (1)
-
-
Longmenshan (2)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Ordos Basin (1)
-
Sichuan Basin (5)
-
South China Block (3)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (2)
-
-
Xizang China (1)
-
Yangtze Platform (2)
-
-
Taiwan (2)
-
-
Himalayas (2)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Afghanistan (2)
-
Pakistan (2)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Elburz (2)
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (2)
-
-
Iraq (1)
-
Turkey
-
Pontic Mountains (2)
-
Taurus Mountains (2)
-
-
Zagros (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
Celtic Sea (1)
-
English Channel (2)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
-
Goban Spur (1)
-
Irish Sea (3)
-
Labrador Sea (1)
-
North Sea
-
East Shetland Basin (2)
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (3)
-
Porcupine Basin (1)
-
Rockall Trough (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Faeroe Islands (2)
-
Shetland Islands (6)
-
-
Atlantic region (9)
-
Australasia
-
Australia (1)
-
-
Avalon Zone (3)
-
Baffin Bay (1)
-
Barents region (1)
-
Bathurst Island (2)
-
Bear Island (1)
-
Caledonides (113)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (3)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (2)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Antigonish County Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (6)
-
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut
-
Devon Island (1)
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
-
-
Queen Elizabeth Islands
-
Devon Island (1)
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories (3)
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Armenia (2)
-
Azerbaijan (2)
-
Caucasus
-
Greater Caucasus (2)
-
Lesser Caucasus (2)
-
-
Georgian Republic (2)
-
Russian Federation
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Pechora Basin (1)
-
Polar Urals
-
Pai-Khoi (1)
-
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
Timan-Pechora region (1)
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
-
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
Urals
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
Polar Urals
-
Pai-Khoi (1)
-
-
Southern Urals (1)
-
-
-
Dunnage Zone (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Swiss Alps (1)
-
Western Alps (1)
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Armenia (2)
-
Azerbaijan (2)
-
Baltic region
-
Estonia (2)
-
-
Carpathians (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Greater Caucasus (2)
-
Lesser Caucasus (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Bohemian Massif (1)
-
Germany
-
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany
-
Rugen Island (3)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Cracow Poland (1)
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
Upper Silesia (1)
-
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Switzerland
-
Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandia (5)
-
Fennoscandian Shield (7)
-
Georgian Republic (2)
-
Pannonian Basin (1)
-
Pechora Basin (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria (1)
-
Dobruja Basin
-
Romanian Dobruja (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy (1)
-
Strona Valley (1)
-
-
Moesian Platform (1)
-
Romania
-
Romanian Dobruja (1)
-
-
-
Stavelot-Venn Massif (1)
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
Timan-Pechora region (1)
-
Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (4)
-
Variscides (6)
-
Western Europe
-
Ardennes (1)
-
Ballachulish Complex (2)
-
Belgium
-
Brabant Massif (9)
-
Wallonia Belgium
-
Namur Belgium (1)
-
-
-
Dinant Basin (1)
-
France
-
Armorican Massif (4)
-
Brittany (2)
-
Central Massif (1)
-
Corsica (1)
-
Cotes-d'Armor France (1)
-
Ille-et-Vilaine France (1)
-
Limousin (1)
-
Lozere France (1)
-
Morbihan France (1)
-
Rouergue (1)
-
Vendee France (2)
-
Vivarais (1)
-
Vosges France (1)
-
-
Ireland
-
Donegal Ireland
-
Ardara Pluton (2)
-
-
Galway Ireland
-
Connemara (7)
-
Galway Granite (5)
-
-
Kerry Ireland
-
Dingle Peninsula (2)
-
-
Leinster (2)
-
Mayo Ireland (8)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Koli Nappe (1)
-
Norway
-
Bergen Norway (1)
-
Finnmark Norway
-
Seiland (2)
-
Varanger Peninsula (2)
-
-
Gudbrandsdalen (1)
-
Hardangervidda (2)
-
Jotunheim Mountains (1)
-
Nordland Norway
-
Lofoten Islands (7)
-
Narvik Norway (1)
-
Ofoten (1)
-
-
Northern Norway (6)
-
Solund Islands (1)
-
Soroy (1)
-
Sor-Trondelag Norway
-
Trondheim Norway (1)
-
-
Southern Norway (9)
-
Telemark Norway (1)
-
Trondelag (1)
-
Vesteralen (1)
-
-
Sulitjelma (3)
-
Sweden
-
Jamtland Sweden (1)
-
Norrbotten Sweden
-
Kiruna Sweden (1)
-
-
-
Western Gneiss region (16)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
English Channel Islands
-
Jersey (1)
-
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Alston Block (1)
-
Cornwall England (2)
-
Cumbria England (1)
-
Leicestershire England (2)
-
London Basin (1)
-
Welsh Borderland (2)
-
-
Scotland
-
Aberdeenshire Scotland
-
Aberdeen Scotland (1)
-
-
Argyllshire Scotland
-
Islay (1)
-
Mull Island (2)
-
-
Ayrshire Scotland
-
Girvan Scotland (1)
-
-
Firth of Clyde (1)
-
Great Glen Fault (19)
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Islay (1)
-
Isle of Skye (3)
-
Mull Island (2)
-
-
Outer Hebrides (2)
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (3)
-
-
Sutherland Scotland
-
Assynt (4)
-
Scourie Scotland (1)
-
-
-
Moine thrust zone (34)
-
Moray Firth (3)
-
Orkney Islands (2)
-
Perthshire Scotland (1)
-
Scottish Highlands
-
Grampian Highlands (22)
-
Scottish Northern Highlands (9)
-
-
Shetland Islands (6)
-
-
Wales
-
Anglesey Wales (1)
-
Caernarvonshire Wales
-
Lleyn Peninsula (1)
-
-
Gwynedd Wales
-
Arenig (2)
-
Lleyn Peninsula (1)
-
-
Merionethshire Wales
-
Arenig (2)
-
-
South Wales (1)
-
Welsh Basin (6)
-
-
-
Isle of Man (2)
-
Northern Ireland
-
Londonderry Northern Ireland (1)
-
Tyrone Northern Ireland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Fogo (1)
-
Highland Boundary Fault (4)
-
Lake District (9)
-
Loch Lomond (1)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Melville Island (2)
-
Meseta (1)
-
Mexico (1)
-
Midland Valley (13)
-
Midlands (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Northern Appalachians (4)
-
Piedmont (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Grenville Province (1)
-
-
Humber Zone (1)
-
-
North Sea region (1)
-
Northern Highlands (8)
-
Orcadian Basin (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
West Pacific
-
Banda Arc (1)
-
-
-
Pacific region
-
Pacific mobile belt (1)
-
-
Russian Platform
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
-
Sierra Nevada (1)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Central Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina (1)
-
Brazil (1)
-
Chile (1)
-
Peru (1)
-
-
South Mountain Batholith (1)
-
Southern Uplands (19)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Brooks Range (2)
-
-
Virginia (1)
-
-
USSR (2)
-
-
commodities
-
barite deposits (1)
-
bitumens (3)
-
brines (3)
-
clay deposits (1)
-
energy sources (3)
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
arsenic ores (1)
-
base metals (2)
-
copper ores (10)
-
gold ores (4)
-
iron ores (2)
-
lead ores (5)
-
lead-zinc deposits (9)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (2)
-
nickel ores (2)
-
niobium ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
pyrite ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (1)
-
tin ores (2)
-
tungsten ores (4)
-
uranium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (7)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (27)
-
mineral exploration (4)
-
mineral resources (3)
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
shale gas (3)
-
-
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (2)
-
-
chemical ratios (4)
-
halogens
-
chlorine (1)
-
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (25)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
-
-
-
large-ion lithophile elements (1)
-
Lu/Hf (4)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (3)
-
uranium
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
lithium (1)
-
potassium (2)
-
rubidium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (4)
-
beryllium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
copper (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
ferrous iron (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
manganese (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (3)
-
rare earths
-
europium (1)
-
lutetium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
tantalum (2)
-
titanium (2)
-
zirconium (3)
-
-
nitrogen (1)
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Placodermi
-
Arthrodira (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda (1)
-
-
-
Graptolithina (6)
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita (2)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (2)
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Conodonta (5)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (3)
-
miospores (2)
-
-
Plantae (2)
-
Pterobranchia (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
-
Ar/Ar (35)
-
fission-track dating (5)
-
K/Ar (15)
-
Lu/Hf (4)
-
paleomagnetism (16)
-
Pb/Pb (5)
-
Pb/Th (1)
-
Rb/Sr (20)
-
Re/Os (5)
-
Sm/Nd (12)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
thermochronology (5)
-
U/Pb (84)
-
U/Th/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene
-
Pontian (2)
-
-
-
Pliocene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (1)
-
Paleocene
-
middle Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (1)
-
-
Dalradian (25)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous (3)
-
Upper Cretaceous (1)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
-
Bajocian (1)
-
Bathonian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic (1)
-
-
Yanshanian (5)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (2)
-
Lower Cambrian (7)
-
Middle Cambrian (2)
-
Upper Cambrian (3)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (2)
-
-
Middle Carboniferous (2)
-
Upper Carboniferous (3)
-
-
Devonian
-
Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Shap Granite (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
Givetian (3)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (17)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Frasnian (1)
-
-
Waterways Formation (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Chopawamsic Formation (1)
-
-
middle Paleozoic (4)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian
-
Ballantrae Complex (3)
-
-
Manx Group (1)
-
Tremadocian (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Cloridorme Formation (1)
-
Llanvirnian (1)
-
-
Skiddaw Slates (3)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (2)
-
Caradocian
-
Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
-
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Maokou Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (5)
-
Wenlock (3)
-
-
Middle Silurian (5)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (3)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (3)
-
-
Lewisian Complex (5)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Lewisian (6)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Laxfordian (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (3)
-
Dengying Formation (1)
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
Ediacaran (5)
-
Infracambrian (1)
-
Marinoan (1)
-
Moine Supergroup (7)
-
Moinian (10)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Tonian (4)
-
Torridonian (3)
-
Vendian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (14)
-
Sinian
-
Dengying Formation (1)
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Rhenohercynian (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
feldspathoid rocks (1)
-
granophyre (2)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
appinite (6)
-
diabase (4)
-
diorites
-
microdiorite (1)
-
tonalite (2)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros (6)
-
granites
-
alkali granites (1)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (2)
-
biotite granite (1)
-
charnockite (1)
-
I-type granites (5)
-
leucogranite (3)
-
microgranite (2)
-
monzogranite (2)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
lamprophyres
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (3)
-
spessartite (2)
-
vogesite (2)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (6)
-
quartz monzonite (1)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
microsyenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
garnet peridotite (3)
-
spinel lherzolite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (1)
-
mugearite (1)
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (4)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (2)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (4)
-
trachyandesites (2)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (14)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (6)
-
cataclasites (4)
-
eclogite (15)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (5)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites
-
leptite (1)
-
-
hornfels (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadiabase (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (2)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
migmatites (12)
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (3)
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
-
phyllites (2)
-
phyllonites (3)
-
quartzites
-
ferruginous quartzite (1)
-
-
schists
-
blueschist (3)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
slates (3)
-
-
ophiolite (14)
-
turbidite (18)
-
-
minerals
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
calcite (3)
-
dolomite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
-
K-bentonite (1)
-
minerals (3)
-
native elements
-
diamond
-
microdiamond (2)
-
-
graphite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (3)
-
chrome spinel (1)
-
corundum (1)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
magnetite (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (1)
-
-
rutile (1)
-
spinel (1)
-
tantalates
-
microlite (1)
-
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (9)
-
monazite (6)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
cummingtonite (1)
-
hornblende (5)
-
pargasite (1)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
omphacite (2)
-
-
orthopyroxene (3)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (4)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (1)
-
-
-
leucite (1)
-
nepheline group
-
kalsilite (1)
-
nepheline (2)
-
-
pseudoleucite (1)
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (1)
-
quartz (5)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
majorite (1)
-
-
kyanite (2)
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (5)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (67)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (2)
-
tourmaline group (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (2)
-
-
clay minerals
-
dickite (1)
-
kaolinite (1)
-
smectite (1)
-
-
illite (6)
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
muscovite (8)
-
phengite (1)
-
phlogopite (2)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
iron sulfides (1)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
sphalerite (2)
-
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (135)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Morocco
-
Rehamna (1)
-
-
-
Sahara (1)
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
West Africa
-
Guinea (1)
-
Mauritanides (3)
-
Niger (1)
-
Nigeria (1)
-
Senegal (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Alpha Cordillera (1)
-
Amerasia Basin (1)
-
Barents Sea (8)
-
Canada Basin (1)
-
Chukchi Sea (1)
-
East Siberian Sea (1)
-
Kara Sea (2)
-
Laptev Sea (1)
-
Norwegian Sea
-
More Basin (1)
-
Voring Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (32)
-
Kangerlussuaq (1)
-
Northern Greenland (12)
-
Peary Land (2)
-
-
Jan Mayen (1)
-
Russian Arctic
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Svalbard
-
Spitsbergen
-
Spitsbergen Island
-
Hornsund (1)
-
Ny Friesland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
Chongqing China (1)
-
Hunan China (1)
-
Inner Mongolia China
-
Bayan Obo China (1)
-
-
Longmenshan (2)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Ordos Basin (1)
-
Sichuan Basin (5)
-
South China Block (3)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (2)
-
-
Xizang China (1)
-
Yangtze Platform (2)
-
-
Taiwan (2)
-
-
Himalayas (2)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Afghanistan (2)
-
Pakistan (2)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Elburz (2)
-
Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (2)
-
-
Iraq (1)
-
Turkey
-
Pontic Mountains (2)
-
Taurus Mountains (2)
-
-
Zagros (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform (1)
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
Celtic Sea (1)
-
English Channel (2)
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (1)
-
Goban Spur (1)
-
Irish Sea (3)
-
Labrador Sea (1)
-
North Sea
-
East Shetland Basin (2)
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (3)
-
Porcupine Basin (1)
-
Rockall Trough (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Faeroe Islands (2)
-
Shetland Islands (6)
-
-
Atlantic region (9)
-
Australasia
-
Australia (1)
-
-
barite deposits (1)
-
biography (1)
-
bitumens (3)
-
brines (3)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (3)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (2)
-
Nova Scotia
-
Antigonish County Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (6)
-
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut
-
Devon Island (1)
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
-
-
Queen Elizabeth Islands
-
Devon Island (1)
-
Ellesmere Island (5)
-
Sverdrup Basin (1)
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Alberta Basin (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories (3)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (2)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
upper Miocene
-
Pontian (2)
-
-
-
Pliocene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (1)
-
Paleocene
-
middle Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic (1)
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Placodermi
-
Arthrodira (1)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda (1)
-
-
-
clay deposits (1)
-
clay mineralogy (2)
-
continental drift (8)
-
continental shelf (6)
-
crust (56)
-
crystal chemistry (2)
-
crystal growth (3)
-
crystal structure (1)
-
data processing (4)
-
deformation (85)
-
diagenesis (5)
-
earthquakes (2)
-
economic geology (21)
-
energy sources (3)
-
epeirogeny (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Swiss Alps (1)
-
Western Alps (1)
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation
-
Novaya Zemlya (2)
-
-
Armenia (2)
-
Azerbaijan (2)
-
Baltic region
-
Estonia (2)
-
-
Carpathians (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Greater Caucasus (2)
-
Lesser Caucasus (2)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Bohemian Massif (1)
-
Germany
-
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany
-
Rugen Island (3)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Cracow Poland (1)
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
Upper Silesia (1)
-
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Switzerland
-
Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandia (5)
-
Fennoscandian Shield (7)
-
Georgian Republic (2)
-
Pannonian Basin (1)
-
Pechora Basin (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria (1)
-
Dobruja Basin
-
Romanian Dobruja (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy (1)
-
Strona Valley (1)
-
-
Moesian Platform (1)
-
Romania
-
Romanian Dobruja (1)
-
-
-
Stavelot-Venn Massif (1)
-
Timan Ridge (1)
-
Timan-Pechora region (1)
-
Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (4)
-
Variscides (6)
-
Western Europe
-
Ardennes (1)
-
Ballachulish Complex (2)
-
Belgium
-
Brabant Massif (9)
-
Wallonia Belgium
-
Namur Belgium (1)
-
-
-
Dinant Basin (1)
-
France
-
Armorican Massif (4)
-
Brittany (2)
-
Central Massif (1)
-
Corsica (1)
-
Cotes-d'Armor France (1)
-
Ille-et-Vilaine France (1)
-
Limousin (1)
-
Lozere France (1)
-
Morbihan France (1)
-
Rouergue (1)
-
Vendee France (2)
-
Vivarais (1)
-
Vosges France (1)
-
-
Ireland
-
Donegal Ireland
-
Ardara Pluton (2)
-
-
Galway Ireland
-
Connemara (7)
-
Galway Granite (5)
-
-
Kerry Ireland
-
Dingle Peninsula (2)
-
-
Leinster (2)
-
Mayo Ireland (8)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Koli Nappe (1)
-
Norway
-
Bergen Norway (1)
-
Finnmark Norway
-
Seiland (2)
-
Varanger Peninsula (2)
-
-
Gudbrandsdalen (1)
-
Hardangervidda (2)
-
Jotunheim Mountains (1)
-
Nordland Norway
-
Lofoten Islands (7)
-
Narvik Norway (1)
-
Ofoten (1)
-
-
Northern Norway (6)
-
Solund Islands (1)
-
Soroy (1)
-
Sor-Trondelag Norway
-
Trondheim Norway (1)
-
-
Southern Norway (9)
-
Telemark Norway (1)
-
Trondelag (1)
-
Vesteralen (1)
-
-
Sulitjelma (3)
-
Sweden
-
Jamtland Sweden (1)
-
Norrbotten Sweden
-
Kiruna Sweden (1)
-
-
-
Western Gneiss region (16)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
English Channel Islands
-
Jersey (1)
-
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Alston Block (1)
-
Cornwall England (2)
-
Cumbria England (1)
-
Leicestershire England (2)
-
London Basin (1)
-
Welsh Borderland (2)
-
-
Scotland
-
Aberdeenshire Scotland
-
Aberdeen Scotland (1)
-
-
Argyllshire Scotland
-
Islay (1)
-
Mull Island (2)
-
-
Ayrshire Scotland
-
Girvan Scotland (1)
-
-
Firth of Clyde (1)
-
Great Glen Fault (19)
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Islay (1)
-
Isle of Skye (3)
-
Mull Island (2)
-
-
Outer Hebrides (2)
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (3)
-
-
Sutherland Scotland
-
Assynt (4)
-
Scourie Scotland (1)
-
-
-
Moine thrust zone (34)
-
Moray Firth (3)
-
Orkney Islands (2)
-
Perthshire Scotland (1)
-
Scottish Highlands
-
Grampian Highlands (22)
-
Scottish Northern Highlands (9)
-
-
Shetland Islands (6)
-
-
Wales
-
Anglesey Wales (1)
-
Caernarvonshire Wales
-
Lleyn Peninsula (1)
-
-
Gwynedd Wales
-
Arenig (2)
-
Lleyn Peninsula (1)
-
-
Merionethshire Wales
-
Arenig (2)
-
-
South Wales (1)
-
Welsh Basin (6)
-
-
-
Isle of Man (2)
-
Northern Ireland
-
Londonderry Northern Ireland (1)
-
Tyrone Northern Ireland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
faults (172)
-
folds (49)
-
foliation (13)
-
fractures (7)
-
geochemistry (53)
-
geochronology (33)
-
geomorphology (2)
-
geophysical methods (44)
-
Graptolithina (6)
-
ground water (1)
-
heat flow (7)
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
feldspathoid rocks (1)
-
granophyre (2)
-
hypabyssal rocks (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
appinite (6)
-
diabase (4)
-
diorites
-
microdiorite (1)
-
tonalite (2)
-
trondhjemite (2)
-
-
gabbros (6)
-
granites
-
alkali granites (1)
-
aplite (2)
-
A-type granites (2)
-
biotite granite (1)
-
charnockite (1)
-
I-type granites (5)
-
leucogranite (3)
-
microgranite (2)
-
monzogranite (2)
-
S-type granites (4)
-
-
granodiorites
-
granodiorite porphyry (1)
-
-
lamprophyres
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (3)
-
spessartite (2)
-
vogesite (2)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (6)
-
quartz monzonite (1)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
microsyenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
garnet peridotite (3)
-
spinel lherzolite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (1)
-
mugearite (1)
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (4)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (2)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (4)
-
trachyandesites (2)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (8)
-
-
intrusions (87)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita (2)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (2)
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (1)
-
-
-
isostasy (4)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (2)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
-
-
-
lava (3)
-
lineation (10)
-
magmas (29)
-
mantle (20)
-
maps (4)
-
marine geology (1)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Black Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous (3)
-
Upper Cretaceous (1)
-
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (1)
-
Bajocian (1)
-
Bathonian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic (1)
-
-
Yanshanian (5)
-
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
arsenic ores (1)
-
base metals (2)
-
copper ores (10)
-
gold ores (4)
-
iron ores (2)
-
lead ores (5)
-
lead-zinc deposits (9)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (2)
-
nickel ores (2)
-
niobium ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
pyrite ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (1)
-
tin ores (2)
-
tungsten ores (4)
-
uranium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (7)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (3)
-
uranium
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
lithium (1)
-
potassium (2)
-
rubidium (2)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (4)
-
beryllium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
copper (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
ferrous iron (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
U-238/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
manganese (1)
-
nickel (1)
-
niobium (3)
-
rare earths
-
europium (1)
-
lutetium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (4)
-
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
tantalum (2)
-
titanium (2)
-
zirconium (3)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (6)
-
cataclasites (4)
-
eclogite (15)
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (2)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (5)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites
-
leptite (1)
-
-
hornfels (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadiabase (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (2)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
migmatites (12)
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (3)
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
-
phyllites (2)
-
phyllonites (3)
-
quartzites
-
ferruginous quartzite (1)
-
-
schists
-
blueschist (3)
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
slates (3)
-
-
metamorphism (122)
-
metasomatism (16)
-
Mexico (1)
-
mineral deposits, genesis (27)
-
mineral exploration (4)
-
mineral resources (3)
-
minerals (3)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (8)
-
nitrogen (1)
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Northern Appalachians (4)
-
Piedmont (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Grenville Province (1)
-
-
Humber Zone (1)
-
-
ocean basins (2)
-
oceanography (1)
-
oil and gas fields (1)
-
orogeny (158)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (9)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
West Pacific
-
Banda Arc (1)
-
-
-
Pacific region
-
Pacific mobile belt (1)
-
-
paleoclimatology (2)
-
paleoecology (1)
-
paleogeography (54)
-
paleomagnetism (16)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Acadian (2)
-
Lower Cambrian (7)
-
Middle Cambrian (2)
-
Upper Cambrian (3)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (2)
-
-
Middle Carboniferous (2)
-
Upper Carboniferous (3)
-
-
Devonian
-
Beaverhill Lake Group (1)
-
Lower Devonian
-
Shap Granite (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
Givetian (3)
-
-
Old Red Sandstone (17)
-
Upper Devonian
-
Frasnian (1)
-
-
Waterways Formation (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Chopawamsic Formation (1)
-
-
middle Paleozoic (4)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian
-
Ballantrae Complex (3)
-
-
Manx Group (1)
-
Tremadocian (1)
-
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Cloridorme Formation (1)
-
Llanvirnian (1)
-
-
Skiddaw Slates (3)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (2)
-
Caradocian
-
Borrowdale Volcanic Group (1)
-
-
Hirnantian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian (1)
-
Maokou Formation (1)
-
Upper Permian (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (5)
-
Wenlock (3)
-
-
Middle Silurian (5)
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic (2)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (3)
-
miospores (2)
-
-
paragenesis (8)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
shale gas (3)
-
-
-
petrology (43)
-
Phanerozoic (3)
-
phase equilibria (6)
-
Plantae (2)
-
plate tectonics (131)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Neoarchean (3)
-
-
Lewisian Complex (5)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Lewisian (6)
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Laxfordian (2)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (3)
-
Dengying Formation (1)
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
Ediacaran (5)
-
Infracambrian (1)
-
Marinoan (1)
-
Moine Supergroup (7)
-
Moinian (10)
-
Riphean (1)
-
Tonian (4)
-
Torridonian (3)
-
Vendian (2)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (14)
-
Sinian
-
Dengying Formation (1)
-
Doushantuo Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Pterobranchia (1)
-
reefs (3)
-
remote sensing (5)
-
sea water (1)
-
sea-floor spreading (4)
-
sea-level changes (9)
-
sedimentary petrology (11)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
boundstone (1)
-
dolostone (3)
-
grainstone (1)
-
limestone (7)
-
packstone (1)
-
wackestone (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (2)
-
evaporites (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
argillite (1)
-
black shale (1)
-
conglomerate (6)
-
diamictite (1)
-
graywacke (1)
-
mudstone (5)
-
orthoquartzite (1)
-
sandstone (22)
-
shale (7)
-
siltstone (2)
-
-
coal (1)
-
oil shale (1)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
biogenic structures
-
bioturbation (1)
-
carbonate banks (1)
-
-
planar bedding structures
-
bedding (5)
-
-
secondary structures
-
concretions (1)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
clastic dikes (1)
-
olistostromes (1)
-
-
-
sedimentation (32)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
kaolin (1)
-
-
-
shorelines (2)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Central Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina (1)
-
Brazil (1)
-
Chile (1)
-
Peru (1)
-
-
stratigraphy (28)
-
structural analysis (28)
-
structural geology (78)
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
-
symposia (2)
-
tectonics
-
neotectonics (4)
-
-
tectonophysics (39)
-
thermal analysis (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Brooks Range (2)
-
-
Virginia (1)
-
-
USSR (2)
-
volcanology (1)
-
weathering (1)
-
well-logging (1)
-
-
rock formations
-
Siberian Traps (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
flysch (3)
-
molasse (2)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
boundstone (1)
-
dolostone (3)
-
grainstone (1)
-
limestone (7)
-
packstone (1)
-
wackestone (1)
-
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (2)
-
evaporites (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
argillite (1)
-
black shale (1)
-
conglomerate (6)
-
diamictite (1)
-
graywacke (1)
-
mudstone (5)
-
orthoquartzite (1)
-
sandstone (22)
-
shale (7)
-
siltstone (2)
-
-
coal (1)
-
oil shale (1)
-
-
siliciclastics (3)
-
turbidite (18)
-
volcaniclastics (4)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
boudinage (1)
-
sedimentary structures
-
biogenic structures
-
bioturbation (1)
-
carbonate banks (1)
-
-
planar bedding structures
-
bedding (5)
-
-
secondary structures
-
concretions (1)
-
-
soft sediment deformation
-
clastic dikes (1)
-
olistostromes (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
kaolin (1)
-
-
-
siliciclastics (3)
-
turbidite (18)
-
volcaniclastics (4)
-
GeoRef Categories