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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
-
-
Anglesey (1)
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China (1)
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido
-
Kitami Basin (1)
-
-
Honshu
-
Chiba Peninsula (1)
-
-
Kyushu
-
Kagoshima Japan
-
Satsuma Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
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Sri Lanka (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Azerbaijan region (1)
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Bathurst Island (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Baffin Island
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Barnes ice cap (1)
-
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia
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Annapolis County Nova Scotia (1)
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Digby County Nova Scotia (1)
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Kings County Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
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-
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Nunavut
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Baffin Island
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Barnes ice cap (1)
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-
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Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories (3)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Austria (1)
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Germany
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North German Plain (1)
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Hungary (1)
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Pyrenees
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Spanish Pyrenees (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Navarra Spain (1)
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Spanish Pyrenees (1)
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Malta (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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Vaucluse France (1)
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Scandinavia
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Norway
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Telemark Norway
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Sweden
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United Kingdom
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England
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Scotland
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Wales
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Anglesey Wales (1)
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Hunter Valley (1)
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North America
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North American Cordillera (1)
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Rio Grande Rift (1)
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North German Basin (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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South Pacific
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Great Barrier Reef (1)
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West Pacific
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Pioneer Mountains (1)
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South America
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Brazil
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Chile (1)
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United States
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California
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Santa Barbara County California (1)
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Yosemite National Park (1)
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commodities
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mineral deposits, genesis (7)
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mineral exploration (2)
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elements, isotopes
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boron (1)
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carbon
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halogens
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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deuterium (1)
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incompatible elements (1)
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isotope ratios (2)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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D/H (1)
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deuterium (1)
-
-
-
metals
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alkali metals
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lithium (1)
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aluminum (3)
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gallium (1)
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germanium (2)
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gold (1)
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platinum group
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iridium (1)
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platinum (1)
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rhodium (1)
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phosphorus (1)
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silicon (2)
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fossils
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borings (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Tetrapoda
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Pterosauria
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Pteranodon (1)
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-
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fungi (1)
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Graptolithina
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Didymograptina
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Didymograptus (1)
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Isograptus (1)
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Monograptina
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Hemichordata (1)
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Invertebrata
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Tabulata (1)
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Porifera
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microfossils (3)
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Plantae
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algae
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Spermatophyta
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thallophytes (3)
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geochronology methods
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Cenozoic
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lower Pleistocene (1)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (4)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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upper Eocene (1)
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Oligocene (1)
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-
-
-
Mesozoic
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Jurassic
-
Aztec Sandstone (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Bathonian (1)
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Callovian (1)
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Page Sandstone (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
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Oxfordian (1)
-
-
-
Navajo Sandstone (2)
-
-
Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (1)
-
-
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian (1)
-
Middle Devonian (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Red River Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Rotliegendes (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
-
-
-
Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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gabbros (1)
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granites
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charnockite (1)
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pegmatite (4)
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pyroclastics (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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phosphates
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selenides (1)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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pargasite (1)
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pyroxene group
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clinopyroxene
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spodumene (1)
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orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
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feldspar group
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alkali feldspar
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K-feldspar (1)
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plagioclase (3)
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scapolite group
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scapolite (1)
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silica minerals
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chalcedony (2)
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cristobalite (1)
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moganite (1)
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opal (1)
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quartz (4)
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-
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group (1)
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mullite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
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tourmaline group
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schorl (1)
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-
sheet silicates
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mica group
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biotite (2)
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lepidolite (1)
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muscovite (1)
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serpentine group
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chrysotile (1)
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serpentine (1)
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stilpnomelane (1)
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zussmanite (1)
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sulfides
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chalcopyrite (1)
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galena (1)
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pyrite (1)
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realgar (1)
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sphalerite (1)
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stromeyerite (1)
-
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sulfosalts
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sulfantimonites
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polybasite (1)
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tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
pearceite (1)
-
tennantite (1)
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (2)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China (1)
-
Japan
-
Hokkaido
-
Kitami Basin (1)
-
-
Honshu
-
Chiba Peninsula (1)
-
-
Kyushu
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Kagoshima Japan
-
Satsuma Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran (1)
-
-
Sri Lanka (1)
-
-
Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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bacteria (1)
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barite deposits (1)
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boron (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Baffin Island
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Barnes ice cap (1)
-
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia
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Annapolis County Nova Scotia (1)
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Digby County Nova Scotia (1)
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Kings County Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland (1)
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-
-
Nunavut
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Baffin Island
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Barnes ice cap (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories (3)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene (2)
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Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (1)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (4)
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Pliocene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
ceramic materials (1)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Pterosauria
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Pteranodon (1)
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-
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clay mineralogy (1)
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crust (1)
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Europe
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Germany
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Hungary (1)
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Pyrenees
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Navarra Spain (1)
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Spanish Pyrenees (1)
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Malta (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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Hautes-Alpes France (1)
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Vaucluse France (1)
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Scandinavia
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Norway
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Telemark Norway
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-
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Sweden
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Kiruna Sweden (1)
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-
-
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Cornwall England (1)
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Gloucestershire England (1)
-
-
Scotland
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Highland region Scotland
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Inverness-shire Scotland (1)
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Wales
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Anglesey Wales (1)
-
-
-
-
-
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faults (10)
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foliation (6)
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fractures (3)
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fungi (1)
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geochemistry (4)
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geochronology (1)
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geomorphology (1)
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glacial geology (2)
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Graptolithina
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Graptoloidea
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Didymograptina
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Didymograptus (1)
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Isograptus (1)
-
-
Monograptina
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Monograptus (1)
-
-
-
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
gabbros (1)
-
granites
-
aplite (2)
-
charnockite (1)
-
-
pegmatite (4)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (2)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (2)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
pyroclastics (1)
-
rhyolites (1)
-
-
-
intrusions (6)
-
Invertebrata
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Rugosa (1)
-
Tabulata (1)
-
-
-
-
Porifera
-
Stromatoporoidea (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
-
lineation (1)
-
magmas (3)
-
magnesite deposits (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Jurassic
-
Aztec Sandstone (1)
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bathonian (1)
-
Callovian (1)
-
Page Sandstone (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Oxfordian (1)
-
-
-
Navajo Sandstone (2)
-
-
metal ores
-
gold ores (4)
-
iron ores (2)
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lithium ores (1)
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platinum ores (1)
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pyrite ores (1)
-
silver ores (2)
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tantalum ores (1)
-
tin ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
lithium (1)
-
-
aluminum (3)
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gallium (1)
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germanium (2)
-
gold (1)
-
platinum group
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iridium (1)
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palladium (1)
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platinum (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
precious metals (2)
-
rare earths (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
cataclasites (1)
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gneisses (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks (4)
-
migmatites (2)
-
mylonites
-
blastomylonite (1)
-
-
quartzites (1)
-
schists (2)
-
-
metamorphism (1)
-
metasomatism (3)
-
mineral deposits, genesis (7)
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mineral exploration (2)
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mineralogy (1)
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minerals (1)
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nonmetal deposits (1)
-
North America
-
North American Cordillera (1)
-
Rio Grande Rift (1)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
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Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
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Southwest Pacific
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Coral Sea
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Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
-
-
-
-
paleobotany (1)
-
paleoclimatology (2)
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paleoecology (4)
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paleontology (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Carboniferous
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Upper Carboniferous
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Westphalian (1)
-
-
-
Cow Head Group (1)
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian (1)
-
Middle Devonian (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician
-
Arenigian (1)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Red River Formation (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Rotliegendes (1)
-
-
Silurian
-
Upper Silurian
-
Ludlow (1)
-
-
-
-
paragenesis (1)
-
petroleum (2)
-
petrology (6)
-
phase equilibria (1)
-
phosphorus (1)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Rhodophyta (1)
-
-
Pteridophyta
-
Sphenopsida (1)
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Gymnospermae
-
Cycadales (1)
-
-
-
-
Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
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Neoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
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reefs (1)
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roads (1)
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rock mechanics (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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dolostone (1)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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banded iron formations (1)
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clastic rocks
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black shale (1)
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marl (1)
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sandstone (5)
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sedimentary structures
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planar bedding structures
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secondary structures
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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silicon (2)
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slope stability (1)
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soils
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Chernozems (1)
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laterites (1)
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South America
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Argentina
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Santa Cruz Argentina
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Deseado Massif (1)
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Brazil
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Parana Brazil (1)
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Chile (1)
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Parana Basin (1)
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stratigraphy (1)
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banded structures
Textural Characteristics of Barren and Mineralized Colloform Quartz Bands at the Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposits of the Omu Camp in Hokkaido, Japan: Implications for Processes Resulting in Bonanza-Grade Precious Metal Enrichment
Immiscibility and the origin of ladder structures, mafic layering, and schlieren in plutons
The Ag- and Au-bearing phases in the Escondida epithermal vein, Cerro Moro deposit, Santa Cruz, Argentina
Chemically oscillating reactions in the formation of botryoidal malachite
Abstract: Four specimens of the pterosaur Pteranodon exhibit patterns of irregular alternating light and dark bands on the lateral surfaces of the upper jaw anterior to the nasoantorbital fenestra. Examinations reveal that the maxilla and premaxilla of Pteranodon consisted of two thin sheets of bone interconnected by regularly spaced septa with the spaces contained within presumably pneumatized, resulting in a structure analogous to modern honeycomb sandwich panels. The alternating light and dark bands resulted from waves of bone deposition moving anteriorly along the external surface of the lateral sheet of bone and laying down thin laminae of new bone while bone was simultaneously resorbed from the internal surface of the lateral sheet to maintain its thickness. The specimens that exhibit the bands were immature males and no banding was found in mature specimens or immature females. Therefore, the presence of the bands in immature males is interpreted as correlated with the enlargement and reshaping of the rostrum as males approached and attained sexual maturity.
Abstract: Many siliciclastic reservoirs contain millimetre-scale diagenetic and structural phenomena affecting fluid flow. We identified three major types of small-scale flow barriers in a clastic Rotliegend hydrocarbon reservoir: cataclastic deformation bands; dissolution seams; and bedding-parallel cementation. Deformation bands of various orientations were analysed on resistivity image logs and in core material. They are mainly conjugates, and can be used to validate seismically observable faults and infer subseismic faults. Bedding-parallel dissolution seams are related to compaction and post-date at least one set of deformation bands. Bedding-parallel cementation is accumulated in coarser-grained layers and depends on the amount of clay coatings. Apparent permeability data related to petrographical image interpretation visualizes the impact of flow barriers on reservoir heterogeneity. Transmissibility multiplier calculations indicate the small efficiency of the studied deformation bands on flow properties in the reservoir. Deformation bands reduce the host-rock permeability by a maximum of two orders of magnitude. However, host-rock anisotropies are inferred to reduce the permeability by a maximum of four orders of magnitude. The relative timing of these flow barriers, as well as the assessment of reservoir heterogeneities, are the basis for state-of-the-art reservoir prediction modelling.
Fluid-flow effects of compartmentalized distribution of compaction bands in an aeolian sandstone in three dimensions
Do deformation bands matter for flow? Insights from permeability measurements and flow simulations in porous carbonate rocks
Eocene extension and meteoric fluid flow in the Wildhorse detachment, Pioneer metamorphic core complex, Idaho
Fault baffle to conduit developments: reactivation and calcite cementation of deformation band fault in aeolian sandstone
Review of flanking structures in meso- and micro-scales
Quaternary extension in the Rio Grande rift at elevated strain rates recorded in travertine deposits, central New Mexico
The structural interpretation of domainal trace lineation: an example from the Mona Complex, Anglesey
Characterization and genesis of horizontal banding in Brazilian agate: an X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and electron microprobe study
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF GUETTARDITE, PbAsSbS 4 , AND THE TWINNITE–GUETTARDITE PROBLEM
Boudinage structures causing instability in some rock cuttings along the Southern Expressway, Sri Lanka
Implication of dark bands in Miocene–Pliocene accretionary prism, Boso Peninsula, central Japan
Thin, planar, dark, lamination-like bands are found in host siltstones in the Miocene-Pliocene metamorphosed Miura-Boso accretionary prism, southern Boso Peninsula, Japan. We classified the bands into four types on the basis of distribution, crosscutting relations, and internal textures. Type 1-1 dark bands are developed parallel to the bedding plane and do not include crushed or deformed grains within the band. Type 1-2 bands are also developed parallel to the bedding plane, but grain alignment within the band cuts obliquely across that in the host rock. Type 2 bands include ductilely deformed grains similar to an S-C′ structure, whereas type 3 bands have cataclastic grains. All the dark bands except type 1-1 (being an open fracture with little displacement) are shear bands or slip planes formed from sedimentation to accretion, although the formation mechanisms between the four types are different. These deformation bands are affected by the state of consolidation and magnitude of stress during formation, reflecting the deformation processes. Type 1-1 bands show evidence of independent particulate flow from excess pore-fluid-pressure generation, which occurs just after sedimentation. Type 1-2 bands are flexural-slip faults formed during formation of folds; type 2 bands are sliding planes formed from submarine landslides, whereas type 3 bands are thrust faults formed during accretion.