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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (2)
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (1)
-
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Central Asia (1)
-
Far East
-
China (1)
-
Japan
-
Ryukyu Islands
-
Okinawa (1)
-
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea (1)
-
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Kyrgyzstan (1)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
-
Siberia (2)
-
Tien Shan (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
South Australia
-
Arrowie Basin (1)
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Otago Schist (1)
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea
-
Lihir Island (1)
-
-
-
Caledonides (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Kenora District Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta (1)
-
British Columbia (2)
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Caucasus
-
Lesser Caucasus (1)
-
-
Kyrgyzstan (1)
-
Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Yakutia Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Transcaucasia (1)
-
-
Europe
-
Alps (1)
-
Balkan Peninsula (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Lesser Caucasus (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Erzgebirge (1)
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany
-
Spessart (1)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Dolnoslaskie Poland
-
Zloty Stok Poland (1)
-
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Slovakia (1)
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (2)
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria
-
Sredna Gora (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy (1)
-
-
Macedonia (2)
-
Vardar Zone (1)
-
-
Transcaucasia (1)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Aude France
-
Salsigne Mine (1)
-
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Finistere France (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway (1)
-
Sweden
-
Skellefte mining district (3)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
Cumbria England (1)
-
Devon England (1)
-
South-West England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Lake District (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Northern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province
-
Uchi Subprovince (1)
-
-
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
Vanuatu (1)
-
-
Micronesia
-
Mariana Islands (1)
-
-
Polynesia
-
Tonga (1)
-
-
-
Oslo Rift (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Lau Basin (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Lau Basin (1)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin (1)
-
-
North Fiji Basin (1)
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
-
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin (1)
-
-
North Fiji Basin (1)
-
-
-
-
Solomon Islands (1)
-
South America
-
Brazil
-
Minas Gerais Brazil (1)
-
Sao Francisco Craton (1)
-
-
Chile (2)
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Aleutian Islands (1)
-
-
Arizona (2)
-
Colorado (1)
-
Montana (1)
-
Nevada
-
Carlin Mine (1)
-
Elko County Nevada
-
Carlin Nevada (1)
-
-
Eureka County Nevada (1)
-
Humboldt County Nevada
-
Getchell Mine (1)
-
-
Lander County Nevada (1)
-
Nye County Nevada
-
Tonopah Nevada (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
Southwestern U.S. (1)
-
Utah (2)
-
Wyoming (1)
-
-
West Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Kermadec Islands (1)
-
-
-
commodities
-
barite deposits (2)
-
brines (1)
-
fluorspar deposits (1)
-
gems (1)
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (19)
-
arsenic ores (61)
-
base metals (5)
-
bismuth ores (6)
-
cadmium ores (1)
-
chromite ores (2)
-
cobalt ores (7)
-
copper ores (25)
-
gold ores (31)
-
iron ores (3)
-
lead ores (9)
-
lead-zinc deposits (4)
-
manganese ores (2)
-
mercury ores (9)
-
molybdenum ores (9)
-
nickel ores (7)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (5)
-
pyrite ores (1)
-
silver ores (13)
-
tin ores (7)
-
tungsten ores (7)
-
uranium ores (5)
-
zinc ores (16)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (39)
-
mineral exploration (6)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (7)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (13)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
D/H (7)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (10)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (7)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
uranium (1)
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
antimony (2)
-
arsenic (8)
-
cadmium (1)
-
cobalt (1)
-
copper (1)
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
mercury (2)
-
nickel (1)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
platinum ores (1)
-
-
precious metals (6)
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
-
-
thallium (2)
-
tin (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (10)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (7)
-
-
trace metals (2)
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (1)
-
Plantae (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
K/Ar (1)
-
Rb/Sr (2)
-
Re/Os (1)
-
Sm/Nd (1)
-
thermochronology (1)
-
U/Pb (2)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian (1)
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Redwall Limestone (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Stephanian (1)
-
-
-
Devonian (2)
-
lower Paleozoic (1)
-
Ordovician
-
Skiddaw Slates (1)
-
-
Permian (2)
-
Silurian (1)
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (5)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (2)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic
-
Belt Supergroup (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic (2)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Rooiberg Group (2)
-
-
-
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
granophyre (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
granites
-
aplite (1)
-
microgranite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (1)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics (1)
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
pumice (1)
-
welded tuff (1)
-
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses (2)
-
marbles (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
serpentinite (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (1)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (1)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists (1)
-
-
-
minerals
-
arsenates
-
beudantite (1)
-
mimetite (1)
-
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (4)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
gersdorffite (1)
-
lollingite (1)
-
-
arsenites (2)
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
dolomite (1)
-
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
halite (1)
-
mimetite (1)
-
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (1)
-
-
-
minerals (2)
-
native elements (1)
-
oxides
-
cassiterite (2)
-
chromite (1)
-
goethite (2)
-
hematite (2)
-
limonite (1)
-
niobates
-
pyrochlore (1)
-
-
pitchblende (1)
-
senarmontite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
monazite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
nephrite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
diopside (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (3)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
phenakite group
-
willemite (1)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
tourmaline group (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
muscovite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
beudantite (1)
-
pickeringite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (4)
-
bornite (1)
-
cattierite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
copper sulfides (1)
-
galena (1)
-
gersdorffite (1)
-
linnaeite (1)
-
molybdenite (1)
-
orpiment (2)
-
pyrite (5)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
realgar (3)
-
siegenite (1)
-
stibnite (3)
-
vaesite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfantimonites
-
bournonite (1)
-
kobellite (1)
-
tetrahedrite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenates
-
enargite (1)
-
-
sulfarsenites
-
tennantite (1)
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (3)
-
Africa
-
North Africa
-
Atlas Mountains
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (2)
-
Moroccan Atlas Mountains
-
Anti-Atlas (3)
-
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (1)
-
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Transvaal region (2)
-
-
Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Central Asia (1)
-
Far East
-
China (1)
-
Japan
-
Ryukyu Islands
-
Okinawa (1)
-
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea (1)
-
-
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Tolbachik (1)
-
-
-
Kyrgyzstan (1)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
-
Siberia (2)
-
Tien Shan (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
South Australia
-
Arrowie Basin (1)
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Otago Schist (1)
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea
-
Lihir Island (1)
-
-
-
bacteria (1)
-
barite deposits (2)
-
brines (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland (1)
-
-
Ontario
-
Kenora District Ontario (1)
-
-
Quebec
-
Gaspe Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta (1)
-
British Columbia (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Oligocene (1)
-
-
-
-
chemical analysis (1)
-
crust (4)
-
crystal chemistry (4)
-
crystal growth (1)
-
crystal structure (3)
-
dams (1)
-
deformation (5)
-
economic geology (9)
-
engineering geology (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps (1)
-
Balkan Peninsula (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Lesser Caucasus (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Erzgebirge (1)
-
Germany
-
Bavaria Germany
-
Spessart (1)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Dolnoslaskie Poland
-
Zloty Stok Poland (1)
-
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Slovakia (1)
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (2)
-
Southern Europe
-
Bulgaria
-
Sredna Gora (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Piemonte Italy (1)
-
-
Macedonia (2)
-
Vardar Zone (1)
-
-
Transcaucasia (1)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Aude France
-
Salsigne Mine (1)
-
-
Central Massif
-
Montagne Noire (1)
-
-
Finistere France (1)
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Norway (1)
-
Sweden
-
Skellefte mining district (3)
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Cornwall England (1)
-
Cumbria England (1)
-
Devon England (1)
-
South-West England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (6)
-
fluorspar deposits (1)
-
folds (3)
-
foliation (2)
-
fractures (3)
-
gems (1)
-
geochemistry (10)
-
geophysical methods (1)
-
ground water (2)
-
heat flow (2)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (7)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
granophyre (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
granites
-
aplite (1)
-
microgranite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (1)
-
monzonites (1)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
ultramafics (1)
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
pumice (1)
-
welded tuff (1)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (10)
-
-
intrusions (9)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
D/H (7)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (10)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (7)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
magmas (6)
-
Mesozoic
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Chinle Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (19)
-
arsenic ores (61)
-
base metals (5)
-
bismuth ores (6)
-
cadmium ores (1)
-
chromite ores (2)
-
cobalt ores (7)
-
copper ores (25)
-
gold ores (31)
-
iron ores (3)
-
lead ores (9)
-
lead-zinc deposits (4)
-
manganese ores (2)
-
mercury ores (9)
-
molybdenum ores (9)
-
nickel ores (7)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
polymetallic ores (5)
-
pyrite ores (1)
-
silver ores (13)
-
tin ores (7)
-
tungsten ores (7)
-
uranium ores (5)
-
zinc ores (16)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
uranium (1)
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
antimony (2)
-
arsenic (8)
-
cadmium (1)
-
cobalt (1)
-
copper (1)
-
iron (1)
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (2)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Ultramafic-Hosted Ni-Cu-Co-(As) Mineralization from an Ancient Oceanic Transform Fault Zone in the Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus: An Analogue for Ultramafic Sea-Floor Massive Sulfide Mineralization?
Vertical Zoning in Hydrothermal U-Ag-Bi-Co-Ni-As Systems: A Case Study from the Annaberg-Buchholz District, Erzgebirge (Germany)
Comminution and Mineral Separation—Geological Input to Metallurgy
Genesis of As-Pb-Rich Supergene Mineralization: The Tazalaght and Agoujgal Cu Deposits (Moroccan Anti-Atlas Copperbelt)
Chapter 13 Hazards associated with mining and mineral exploitation in Cornwall and Devon, SW England
Abstract The largest UNESCO World Heritage Site in the UK is found in Cornwall and west Devon, and its designation is based specifically on its heritage for metalliferous mining, especially tin, copper and arsenic. With a history of over 2000 years of mining, SW England is exceptional in the nature and extent of its mining landscape. The mining for metallic ores, and more recently for kaolin, is a function of the distinctive geology of the region. The mining hazards that are encountered in areas of metallic mines are a function of: the Paleozoic rocks; the predominant steeply dipping nature of mineral veins and consequent shaft mining; the great depth and complexity of some of the mines; the waste derived from processing metallic ores; the long history of exploitation; and the contamination associated with various by-products of primary ore-processing, refining and smelting, notably arsenic. The hazards associated with kaolin mining are mainly related to the volume of the inert waste products and the need to maintain stable spoil tips, and the depth of the various tailings’ ponds and pits. The extent of mining in Cornwall and Devon has resulted in the counties being leaders in mining heritage preservation and the treatment and remediation of mining-related hazards.
Abstract The Paracatu deposit in Brazil is a shallowly dipping, bulk-tonnage, low-grade, vein-style orogenic Au orebody hosted in very strongly deformed Neoproterozoic carbonaceous phyllite of the southern Brasília fold belt. At regional to district scales, the gold orebody lies along the eastern, hanging-wall edge of a major thrust of the ~630 Ma Brasiliano orogeny. This thrust cuts through a facies transition between clastic-dominated rocks of the Canastra Group and carbonate-dominant rocks of the Vazante Group, deposited at ~1000 Ma in a rift to passive-margin environment on the flank of the São Francisco craton. At the same scales, the footwall of this major thrust system hosts numerous structurally controlled zinc deposits including Vazante and Morro Agudo. At Paracatu, ore genesis occurred primarily by the formation of early tectonic quartz sulfide-carbonate veins, prior to substantial ductile deformation (boudinage), local physico-chemical reworking of these veins, and redistribution of some gold. Structural, geochemical, and isotopic data indicate a strong influence of the local rocks (cm to 100-m scales) on many ore ingredients, and the quartz and carbonate in ore veins were most likely derived locally (cm to m scales). However, the coassociation of gold and arsenic with the boudinaged veins and a major thrust, and the absence of metal enrichments normally associated with syngenetic metalliferous black shales, supports a model of far-field derivation of gold within this metasedimentary package (km to 10-km scales). Transport of metal-bearing fluids toward a favorable structural and chemical site during thrusting and orogenesis was possibly focused, during precipitation to ore grades, by the position of transverse structures in the basement, which also influenced deposition of the adjacent zinc deposits. Successful mining of the low-grade resource was initially favored by the subhorizontal orebody geometry and weathering characteristics, and subsequently by high production rates from the 100-m-thick mineralized zone.
Mineralogy and Weathering of Realgar-rich Tailings At a Former As-Sb-Cr Mine At Lojane, North Macedonia
Fumarolic arsenates − a special type of arsenic mineralization
Comparison of the Allchar Au-As-Sb-Tl Deposit, Republic of Macedonia, with Carlin-Type Gold Deposits
Abstract The Allchar Au-As-Sb-Tl deposit is situated in the western part of the Vardar zone, the main suture zone along the contact between the Adriatic and the Eurasian tectonic plates. It is spatially and temporally associated with a Pliocene (~5 Ma) postcollisional high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic volcano-plutonic center. The Allchar deposit shares many distinctive features with Carlin-type gold deposits in Nevada, including its location near a terrain-bounding fault in an area of low-magnitude extension and intense magmatism. The mineralization is mostly hosted in calcareous sedimentary rocks at intersections of high-angle faults in permeable stratigraphy. The alteration types (carbonate dissolution, silicification, and argillization), ore mineralogy (auriferous arsenian pyrite and marcasite, stibnite, realgar, orpiment, and lorandite), high Au/Ag ratios, and low base metal contents are also typical of Carlin-type gold deposits in Nevada. However, the Allchar deposit differs from Nevada Carlin-type gold deposits as follows: it is an isolated Au prospect with a close spatial and temporal relationship to a shoshonitic volcano-plutonic center in a mineral belt dominated by intrusion-related Cu-Au porphyry, skarn, and hydrothermal polymetallic deposits. The deposit is clearly zoned (proximal Au-Sb to distal As-Tl), it has a significantly higher Tl content, trace elements in pyrite and marcasite are homogeneously distributed, and synore dolomitization is a widespread alteration type. Gold mineralization is most abundant in the southern part of the deposit. It occurs mostly as invisible Au in disseminated pyrite or marcasite and as rare native Au grains. Gold mineralization is accompanied by intense decarbonatization and silicification. Fluid inclusions and the hydrothermal alteration mineral assemblage indicate that Au was deposited from hot (>200°C), saline (up to ~21 wt % NaCl equiv), moderately acidic (pH <5) fluids that carried traces of magmatic H 2 S and CO 2 . In the calcareous host rocks, mixing of such fluids with cool, dilute, near-neutral groundwater triggered deposition of Au and Fe sulfides. In Tertiary tuff, isocon analysis shows that sulfidation of preexisting Fe minerals was a critical factor for deposition of Au and Fe sulfides. Antimony mineralization prevails in the central part of the deposit, and it is mostly associated with dark-gray to black jasperoid. Stibnite, the most common Sb mineral in the Allchar deposit, occurs as fine-grained disseminations in jasperoid and as fine- to coarsely crystalline masses that fill vugs and fracture zones lined with drusy quartz. Fluid inclusions entrapped by stibnite-bearing jasperoid, quartz, and calcite crystals suggest that stibnite was deposited from more dilute and cooled fluids (aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions: 6.0–3.5 wt % NaCl equiv, T h = 102°−125°C; aqueous fluid inclusions: 14.5 and 17.1 wt % NaCl equiv, T h = 120°−165°C). In contrast to stibnite, As sulfides (orpiment and realgar) and Tl mineralization are associated with argillic alteration. Fluid inclusions hosted by realgar, orpiment, dolomite, and lorandite record deposition from more dilute (2.6–6.9 wt % NaCl equiv) and relatively cold fluids (T H = 120°−152°C) enriched in K. Isocon diagrams show a tight link between Tl and the low-temperature argillic alteration as well as a significant correlation between Tl and K. The spatial relationship of Tl mineralization with dolomite suggests that Tl deposition was also promoted by neutralization of acidic fluids. The δ D and δ 18 O data obtained from gangue minerals and fluid inclusions indicate that magmatic fluid mixed with exchanged meteoric water at deep levels and with unexchanged meteoric water at shallow levels in the system. The δ 13 C and δ 18 O values of carbonate minerals and extracted fluid inclusions suggest mixing of carbonate rock buffered fluids with magmatic and atmospheric CO 2 . The sulfur isotope values of early disseminated pyrite and marcasite show that H 2 S was initially derived from diagenetic pyrite in sedimentary rocks. In contrast, Sb and As mineralization indicate a strong input of magmatic H 2 S during the main mineralization stage. Late-stage botryoidal pyrite and marcasite are depleted in 34 S, which indicates a diminishing magmatic influence and predominance of sulfur from sedimentary sources during the late-mineralization stage. Fractionation of isotopically light sulfide species from isotopically heavy sulfates due to oxidation under increased oxygen fugacity cannot be excluded.