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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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East Africa
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Tanzania
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Kilimanjaro (1)
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North Africa
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Maghreb (10)
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Morocco
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Rif (6)
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Tell (1)
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Southern Africa
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Antarctica
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Asia
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Western Europe
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France
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Central Massif
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Scotland (1)
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Indian Ocean
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Arabian Sea
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Gulf of Oman (1)
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Malay Archipelago
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Timor (1)
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Mediterranean region
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Balearic Islands
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Calabrian Arc (14)
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Mediterranean Sea
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Pelagian Sea (1)
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West Mediterranean
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Mexico
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North America
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Basin and Range Province
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Pacific Ocean
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Equatorial Pacific (1)
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North Pacific
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South Pacific
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Southwest Pacific
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West Pacific
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Indonesian Seas
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Northwest Pacific
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Southwest Pacific
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Pacific region (1)
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Russian Platform
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South America
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Argentina
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Wyoming
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Voltri Group (1)
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commodities
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brines (2)
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lead-zinc deposits (4)
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mineral deposits, genesis (11)
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mineral exploration (3)
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petroleum
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water resources (3)
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elements, isotopes
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boron (1)
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (31)
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chemical elements (1)
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halogens
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chlorine
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fluorine (2)
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hydrogen
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incompatible elements (1)
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stable isotopes
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S-34/S-32 (3)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (16)
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metals
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aluminum
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radon
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oxygen
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fossils
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Suiformes
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Carnivora
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Reptilia
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Invertebrata
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Pterioida
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Pectinacea
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Solemyida (1)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonites (3)
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Gastropoda (5)
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Porifera
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Protista
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Foraminifera
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Miliolina
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Rotaliina
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Buliminacea
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Globigerinacea
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Orbulina (2)
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Globorotaliidae
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Globorotalia (1)
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Neogloboquadrina
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Rotaliacea
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Nummulitidae
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Textulariina
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Radiolaria (10)
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Silicoflagellata
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Vermes
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upper Cenozoic
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Valanginian (2)
-
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Middle Cretaceous (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (1)
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Cenomanian
-
upper Cenomanian (2)
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Coniacian (1)
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K-T boundary (4)
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Maestrichtian (3)
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Santonian (1)
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Senonian (2)
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Turonian
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lower Turonian (1)
-
-
-
-
Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Hettangian (2)
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lower Liassic (2)
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middle Liassic (2)
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Pliensbachian (4)
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Sinemurian (3)
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Toarcian (4)
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upper Liassic (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Bajocian (3)
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Upper Jurassic
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Kimmeridgian (1)
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Portlandian (2)
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Tithonian (2)
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-
-
Maiolica Limestone (11)
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Navajo Sandstone (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Middle Triassic (4)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (2)
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Norian (5)
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Rhaetian (5)
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-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
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MIS 2 (1)
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MIS 3 (1)
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MIS 5 (2)
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MIS 6 (1)
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MIS 7 (1)
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Lower Carboniferous (1)
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Mississippian (1)
-
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Devonian (1)
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middle Paleozoic (1)
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Ordovician (1)
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Permian
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Guadalupian (1)
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Lower Permian
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Cisuralian (1)
-
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Middle Permian (2)
-
Upper Permian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Zechstein (1)
-
-
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Silurian (1)
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upper Paleozoic (2)
-
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Neoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
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agglutinates (1)
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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kamafugite (1)
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plutonic rocks
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gabbros (8)
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granites (6)
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monzonites (1)
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pegmatite (1)
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syenites
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albitite (1)
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-
ultramafics
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peridotites
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harzburgite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
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websterite (1)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
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basalts
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (5)
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ocean-island basalts (1)
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glasses (1)
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latite (2)
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leucitite (1)
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melilitite (2)
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pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (1)
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rhyolites (1)
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trachytes (1)
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ophiolite (32)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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cataclasites (3)
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granulites (3)
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hornfels (1)
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marbles (3)
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metacarbonate rocks (1)
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metabasite (2)
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serpentinite (7)
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metasedimentary rocks
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metachert (1)
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metapelite (6)
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metasandstone (3)
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metasiltstone (1)
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metasomatic rocks
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serpentinite (7)
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mylonites (1)
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phyllites (4)
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quartzites (2)
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schists
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blueschist (1)
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tourmalinite (1)
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ophiolite (32)
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turbidite (43)
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meteorites
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meteorites
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iron meteorites (1)
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stony meteorites
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ordinary chondrites
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H chondrites (1)
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minerals
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antimonides (1)
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antimonites (1)
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arsenates
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arsenides
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gersdorffite (1)
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arsenites (3)
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carbonates
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dolomite (4)
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copper minerals (1)
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halides
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chlorides
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fluorides
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hydrates (2)
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minerals (8)
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oxides
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hydroxides
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iron oxides (6)
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niobates
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spinel (1)
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uraninite (1)
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valentinite (2)
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phosphates
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apatite (7)
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monazite (1)
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selenides (1)
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silicates
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asbestos (3)
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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hornblende (1)
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richterite (1)
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-
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carpholite (1)
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ferrocarpholite (1)
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pyroxene group
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clinopyroxene
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fassaite (2)
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orthopyroxene (1)
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rhodonite group
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rhodonite (2)
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wollastonite group
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wollastonite (5)
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-
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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alkali feldspar
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K-feldspar (1)
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sanidine (1)
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plagioclase
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anorthite (2)
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leucite (1)
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silica minerals
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quartz (4)
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sodalite group
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hauyne (1)
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zeolite group
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phillipsite (1)
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-
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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braunite (1)
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chloritoid (2)
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garnet group (1)
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humite (1)
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kyanite (1)
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olivine group
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olivine (1)
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tephroite (1)
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zircon group
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zircon (7)
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-
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sorosilicates
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epidote group
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allanite (1)
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epidote (1)
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piemontite (1)
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melilite group
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gehlenite (2)
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melilite (3)
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pumpellyite group
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pumpellyite (1)
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-
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ring silicates
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tourmaline group (1)
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sheet silicates
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chlorite group
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chlorite (8)
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clay minerals
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dickite (1)
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corrensite (1)
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cymrite (1)
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illite (16)
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mica group
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phlogopite (1)
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sepiolite (1)
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serpentine group
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antigorite (1)
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lizardite (2)
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serpentine (2)
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talc (1)
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-
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sulfates
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alum (1)
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anhydrite (1)
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barite (14)
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coquimbite (2)
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ettringite (1)
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gypsum (4)
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halotrichite (2)
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melanterite (1)
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voltaite (2)
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sulfides
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cinnabar (2)
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copper sulfides (2)
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galena (3)
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gersdorffite (1)
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metacinnabar (1)
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molybdenite (1)
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pentlandite (1)
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pyrite (17)
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realgar (1)
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ullmannite (1)
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sulfosalts
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freibergite (1)
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jamesonite (1)
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zinckenite (1)
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sulfarsenites
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dufrenoysite (3)
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jordanite (2)
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-
-
ultrabasite (1)
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vanadates (2)
-
-
Primary terms
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absolute age (33)
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Africa
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East Africa
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North Africa
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Tell (1)
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Southern Africa
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Antarctica
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Asia
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Far East
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Lesser Sunda Islands
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Pakistan
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Potwar Plateau (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Middle East
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asteroids (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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atmosphere (1)
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Australasia
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barite deposits (5)
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bibliography (1)
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boron (1)
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Canada
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (31)
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organic carbon (1)
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Caribbean region
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Bahamas (1)
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catalogs (6)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Pleistocene
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middle Pleistocene (6)
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upper Quaternary (3)
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Stone Age
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Paleolithic
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Aurignacian (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene
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Aquitanian (6)
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middle Miocene
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-
upper Miocene
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Messinian
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Messinian Salinity Crisis (2)
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Tortonian (10)
-
-
-
Pliocene
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lower Pliocene
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Zanclean (2)
-
-
middle Pliocene (2)
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upper Pliocene
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Piacenzian (2)
-
-
-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene
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Bartonian (1)
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upper Eocene (6)
-
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lower Paleogene (2)
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Oligocene
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Fish Canyon Tuff (1)
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lower Oligocene
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Rupelian (1)
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middle Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene
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Chattian (3)
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-
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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K-T boundary (4)
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-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic
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Villafranchian (1)
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ceramic materials (1)
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chemical analysis (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Chondrichthyes
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Elasmobranchii (2)
-
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Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Teleostei (1)
-
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Artiodactyla
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Suiformes
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Suidae (1)
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Carnivora
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Fissipeda
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Cetacea (2)
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Reptilia
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Ichthyosauria (2)
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clay mineralogy (10)
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climate change (10)
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construction materials
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continental drift (3)
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Europe
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Italy
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Apennines
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faults (274)
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
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glasses (1)
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inclusions
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Indian Ocean
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intrusions (4)
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Invertebrata
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Apennines
Remobilization of inverted normal faults drives active extension in the axial zone of the southern Apennine mountain belt (Italy) Open Access
Deformation mechanisms and geometries of superposed fault zones in dolostones Available to Purchase
Orogenic evolution of the northern Calabria–southern Apennines system in the framework of the Alpine chains in the central-western Mediterranean area Available to Purchase
The Hydrological Impact of Historical and Modern Earthquakes in Central‐Southern Italy: Data Analysis and Seismotectonic Insights Available to Purchase
Impact of the Earthquake Rupture on Ground‐Motion Variability of the 24 August 2016 M w 6.2 Amatrice, Italy, Earthquake Available to Purchase
3-D model reveals thermal decomposition as a potential driver of seismicity in the Apennines, Italy Open Access
The Early-Middle Miocene marly-siliceous and siliciclastic sedimentation of the Tuscan Domain along the Mugello-Casentino-Arezzo alignment (Northern Apennines, Italy) Available to Purchase
Seismotectonics‐Driven Estimation of b ‐Value: Implications for Seismic Hazard Assessment Available to Purchase
Significance of the Calcare Cavernoso: stratigraphic-structural setting and role as tectonic chaotic unit in the evolution of the Northern Apennines (Italy) Available to Purchase
The stratigraphy of seep-impacted sediment in the Verghereto marls (Santa Sofia, Italy): insights into the Late Miocene evolution of the Romagna foredeep Available to Purchase
Geological map of the San Giuliano Lake (Southern Italy): new stratigraphic and sedimentological data Available to Purchase
When stones tell about humans: a presumed anthropomorphic sandstone sculpture found in the Marche Apennines of central Italy Available to Purchase
Strontium isotopes and rare earth elements in terrestrial hot-spring deposits: Characterization and geothermal implications Available to Purchase
AN OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRATIGRAPHY IN ITALY DURING THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES: FROM STENO TO ARDUINO Available to Purchase
The Alpi Apuane and their surroundings: a tale of the origins of modern Italian geological maps and of a missed ‘early recognition’ of nappes in the Apennines Available to Purchase
Abstract The northernmost coastal sector of the Italian peninsula from the La Spezia Gulf to Monte Pisano, including the Alpi Apuane mountain range, represents a special morpho-structural domain of the inner northwestern Apennines. Described by naturalists since the Roman age, its location on the land and sea track of the Italian Grand Tour makes it a special zone in the Italian peninsula that was visited by some of the most eminent European geologists of the nineteenth century, including Brongniart, Buckland, De la Beche, Hoffman, Escher von der Linth, Murchison and Lyell. The area has been also the homeland of naturalists and scientists who played a significant role during the nineteenth century in the advancement of geological studies in Italy. Thanks to Capellini's ‘Geological map of the La Spezia Gulf and surroundings’ (1863) and Zaccagna's ‘Geological maps of the Alpi Apuane’ (1879–97), the area became central in the history of the foundations of modern Italian geological maps. However, the opportunities provided by early mapping and palaeontological discoveries for developing tectonic concepts were squandered by Italian Apennines geologists, who remained stuck on explanations of autochthonism, thus missing an early recognition of nappe tectonics that was only accepted in the middle of the twentieth century.