- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
- Abstract
- Affiliation
- All
- Authors
- Book Series
- DOI
- EISBN
- EISSN
- Full Text
- GeoRef ID
- ISBN
- ISSN
- Issue
- Keyword (GeoRef Descriptor)
- Meeting Information
- Report #
- Title
- Volume
NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
East Africa
-
Djibouti (1)
-
Ethiopia (2)
-
Somali Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Arctic region (1)
-
Asia
-
Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Amur region (2)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Far East
-
Burma (2)
-
China
-
Da Hinggan Ling (1)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa China (1)
-
-
-
Indonesia
-
Celebes (1)
-
Java
-
Merapi (1)
-
-
Sumatra
-
Toba Lake (1)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu (1)
-
Inland Sea (1)
-
Kyushu (1)
-
Shikoku (1)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
Thailand
-
Lampang Thailand (2)
-
-
-
Himalayas (3)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Bihar India (1)
-
Jharkhand India
-
Singhbhum India (1)
-
-
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Bezymyannyy (1)
-
Klyuchevskaya Sopka (1)
-
-
Komandorski Islands (1)
-
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Koryak Range (2)
-
Middle East
-
Iran (2)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
-
-
Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (2)
-
Russian Far East (2)
-
Russian Pacific region (3)
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Kuril Islands
-
Etorofu Island
-
Kudryavyy (1)
-
-
-
-
Sayan
-
Western Sayan (1)
-
-
Siberia (2)
-
Siberian fold belt (1)
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Sikhote-Alin Range (2)
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (1)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
South Georgia (1)
-
-
Austral Basin (1)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Tasmania Australia (1)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Coromandel Peninsula (1)
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
Waiotapu New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
Blue Mountains (1)
-
Caledonides (1)
-
Canada
-
Cassiar Mountains (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland
-
Avalon Peninsula (1)
-
Notre Dame Bay (1)
-
-
-
Ontario (1)
-
Quebec
-
Saguenay County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut
-
Lupin Mine (1)
-
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia
-
Kamloops British Columbia (1)
-
Mount Meager (2)
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
Lupin Mine (1)
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Northwest Territories
-
Yellowknife Northwest Territories (1)
-
-
Yukon Territory (2)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Guadeloupe
-
La Grande Soufriere (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cascade Range (1)
-
Cascadia subduction zone (1)
-
Central America
-
Costa Rica
-
Irazu (1)
-
-
-
Coast Mountains (1)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Caucasus
-
Northern Caucasus (1)
-
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Amur region (2)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Bezymyannyy (1)
-
Klyuchevskaya Sopka (1)
-
-
Komandorski Islands (1)
-
-
Koryak Range (2)
-
Northern Caucasus (1)
-
Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (2)
-
Russian Far East (2)
-
Russian Pacific region (3)
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Kuril Islands
-
Etorofu Island
-
Kudryavyy (1)
-
-
-
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Sikhote-Alin Range (2)
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
-
-
West Siberia (1)
-
-
Cook Inlet (2)
-
Dunnage Zone (2)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
Eurasia (2)
-
Europe
-
Alps (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Northern Caucasus (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Germany (1)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain
-
Extremadura Spain (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
-
-
Variscides (1)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Central Massif (1)
-
Cevennes (1)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
-
Galway Ireland
-
Connemara (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Makran (1)
-
Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
-
Coahuila Mexico (1)
-
Jalisco Mexico (1)
-
Mexico state
-
Federal District Mexico (1)
-
-
Nayarit Mexico (2)
-
Popocatepetl (1)
-
Puebla Mexico (1)
-
Queretaro Mexico (1)
-
Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (11)
-
Valley of Mexico (1)
-
Veracruz Mexico (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Province (1)
-
Northern Appalachians (4)
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
-
Grenville Province (1)
-
Slave Province (6)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (2)
-
-
-
Lake of the Woods region (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
-
Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Yakutat Terrane (1)
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia (1)
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
Central Pacific (1)
-
East Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Middle America Trench (1)
-
-
Peru-Chile Trench (1)
-
-
North Pacific
-
Bering Sea (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Middle America Trench (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Basin (1)
-
West Pacific
-
Indonesian Seas
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
-
-
-
Rio Grande (1)
-
San Andreas Fault (1)
-
Scotia Sea Islands
-
South Georgia (1)
-
-
Sierra Nevada (3)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Patagonian Andes (1)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina
-
Neuquen Basin (1)
-
-
Bolivia (1)
-
Chile (2)
-
Ecuador (1)
-
Patagonia
-
Patagonian Andes (1)
-
-
-
Southern Hemisphere (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama (1)
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Peninsula (1)
-
Aleutian Islands (1)
-
Pavlof (1)
-
Talkeetna Mountains (1)
-
-
Arizona (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Mariposa County California (1)
-
Northern California (1)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (1)
-
-
Georgia (1)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Hawaii (1)
-
Idaho Batholith (1)
-
Klamath Mountains (2)
-
Maine (1)
-
Nevada
-
Churchill County Nevada (1)
-
Lander County Nevada (1)
-
Pershing County Nevada (1)
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Oregon (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (1)
-
Tennessee (1)
-
Washington (1)
-
-
White Island (1)
-
-
commodities
-
brines (1)
-
gems (1)
-
geothermal energy (2)
-
metal ores
-
base metals (2)
-
copper ores (6)
-
gold ores (7)
-
lead ores (3)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
silver ores (3)
-
tin ores (1)
-
tungsten ores (1)
-
zinc ores (3)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (12)
-
mineral exploration (6)
-
petroleum (2)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
C-14 (1)
-
-
chemical ratios (2)
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (15)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (8)
-
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (8)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
gold (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
niobium (1)
-
precious metals (1)
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
-
titanium (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
helium (1)
-
xenon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
-
trace metals (1)
-
-
fossils
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (1)
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita (1)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (1)
-
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
-
Plantae
-
Pteridophyta (1)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Dicotyledoneae
-
Rosidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (9)
-
K/Ar (10)
-
Rb/Sr (4)
-
Sm/Nd (3)
-
U/Pb (19)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Challis Volcanics (3)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (4)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (5)
-
Oligocene
-
Hemlock Conglomerate (1)
-
-
Tyonek Formation (1)
-
-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic (4)
-
-
Dalradian (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Berriasian (1)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
Valanginian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Hornbrook Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
-
Great Valley Sequence (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bajocian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Galice Formation (1)
-
Oxfordian (1)
-
Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
middle Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Middle Triassic (2)
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Middle Cambrian (1)
-
Mount Read Volcanics (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian (1)
-
-
Devonian (2)
-
lower Paleozoic (2)
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (3)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (1)
-
-
Permian (2)
-
Silurian (3)
-
Talladega Group (1)
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Kromberg Formation (1)
-
Neoarchean (2)
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (1)
-
-
Yellowknife Group (1)
-
-
middle Precambrian (1)
-
Onverwacht Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic (4)
-
Paleoproterozoic (3)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
tonalite (1)
-
-
gabbros (3)
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (4)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (3)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (1)
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (3)
-
andesites (13)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (1)
-
spilite (1)
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
olivine basalt (1)
-
tholeiite (3)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
basanite (2)
-
dacites (5)
-
glasses (2)
-
keratophyre
-
quartz keratophyre (1)
-
-
nephelinite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
tuff (5)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites (12)
-
trachyandesites
-
absarokite (1)
-
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
metatuff (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (4)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
skarn (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (7)
-
mylonites (1)
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (2)
-
-
minerals
-
halides
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (1)
-
-
-
molybdates
-
powellite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
gahnite (1)
-
rutile (1)
-
titanomagnetite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (1)
-
monazite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (1)
-
hornblende (1)
-
kaersutite (1)
-
pargasite (1)
-
tremolite (1)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
gedrite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene (2)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
adularia (1)
-
-
plagioclase (4)
-
-
zeolite group
-
laumontite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group
-
andradite (1)
-
grossular (1)
-
-
olivine group
-
olivine (3)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (13)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
aquamarine (1)
-
beryl (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
phlogopite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfides
-
greenockite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (40)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
East Africa
-
Djibouti (1)
-
Ethiopia (2)
-
Somali Republic (1)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Arctic region (1)
-
Asia
-
Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Amur region (2)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
-
-
Chukotka Russian Federation
-
Chukchi Peninsula (1)
-
-
Dzhugdzhur region (1)
-
Far East
-
Burma (2)
-
China
-
Da Hinggan Ling (1)
-
Xinjiang China
-
Tarim Basin (1)
-
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa China (1)
-
-
-
Indonesia
-
Celebes (1)
-
Java
-
Merapi (1)
-
-
Sumatra
-
Toba Lake (1)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu (1)
-
Inland Sea (1)
-
Kyushu (1)
-
Shikoku (1)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
Thailand
-
Lampang Thailand (2)
-
-
-
Himalayas (3)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Bihar India (1)
-
Jharkhand India
-
Singhbhum India (1)
-
-
-
-
Indus-Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Kamchatka Russian Federation
-
Kamchatka Peninsula
-
Bezymyannyy (1)
-
Klyuchevskaya Sopka (1)
-
-
Komandorski Islands (1)
-
-
Karakoram (1)
-
Koryak Range (2)
-
Middle East
-
Iran (2)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
-
-
Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt (2)
-
Russian Far East (2)
-
Russian Pacific region (3)
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Kuril Islands
-
Etorofu Island
-
Kudryavyy (1)
-
-
-
-
Sayan
-
Western Sayan (1)
-
-
Siberia (2)
-
Siberian fold belt (1)
-
Siberian Platform (2)
-
Sikhote-Alin Range (2)
-
Stanovoy Range (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (1)
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
West Siberia (1)
-
Zabaykalskiy Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
South Georgia (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Tasmania Australia (1)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Coromandel Peninsula (1)
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
Waiotapu New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
bibliography (1)
-
brines (1)
-
Canada
-
Cassiar Mountains (1)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Newfoundland
-
Avalon Peninsula (1)
-
Notre Dame Bay (1)
-
-
-
Ontario (1)
-
Quebec
-
Saguenay County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Nunavut
-
Lupin Mine (1)
-
-
Stikinia Terrane (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia
-
Kamloops British Columbia (1)
-
Mount Meager (2)
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
Lupin Mine (1)
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Northwest Territories
-
Yellowknife Northwest Territories (1)
-
-
Yukon Territory (2)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
C-14 (1)
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Guadeloupe
-
La Grande Soufriere (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
catalogs (1)
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Challis Volcanics (3)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (1)
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene (4)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (5)
-
Oligocene
-
Hemlock Conglomerate (1)
-
-
Tyonek Formation (1)
-
-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic (4)
-
-
Central America
-
Costa Rica
-
Irazu (1)
-
-
-
continental drift (3)
-
crust (17)
-
crystal chemistry (1)
-
dams (1)
-
deformation (7)
-
earthquakes (6)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
economic geology (4)
-
Eurasia (2)
-
Europe
-
Alps (1)
-
Caucasus
-
Northern Caucasus (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Germany (1)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Central Iberian Zone (1)
-
Iberian Massif (1)
-
Portugal (1)
-
Spain
-
Extremadura Spain (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
-
-
Variscides (1)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Central Massif (1)
-
Cevennes (1)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
-
Galway Ireland
-
Connemara (1)
-
-
-
-
-
faults (18)
-
folds (6)
-
foliation (1)
-
fractures (1)
-
gems (1)
-
geochemistry (31)
-
geochronology (3)
-
geomorphology (2)
-
geophysical methods (4)
-
geothermal energy (2)
-
glacial geology (2)
-
ground water (1)
-
heat flow (3)
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
tonalite (1)
-
-
gabbros (3)
-
granites
-
A-type granites (1)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
S-type granites (1)
-
-
granodiorites (4)
-
lamprophyres
-
minette (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (2)
-
monzonites (3)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites (1)
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
porphyry (1)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (3)
-
andesites (13)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (1)
-
spilite (1)
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
olivine basalt (1)
-
tholeiite (3)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
basanite (2)
-
dacites (5)
-
glasses (2)
-
keratophyre
-
quartz keratophyre (1)
-
-
nephelinite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
tuff (5)
-
-
rhyodacites (1)
-
rhyolites (12)
-
trachyandesites
-
absarokite (1)
-
-
trachytes (2)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (3)
-
-
intrusions (18)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (1)
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita (1)
-
-
-
Brachiopoda (1)
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (8)
-
-
-
lava (19)
-
lineation (1)
-
magmas (28)
-
mantle (9)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Berriasian (1)
-
Hauterivian (1)
-
Valanginian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Hornbrook Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
-
-
Franciscan Complex (1)
-
Great Valley Sequence (2)
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bajocian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Galice Formation (1)
-
Oxfordian (1)
-
Tithonian (1)
-
-
-
middle Mesozoic (1)
-
Triassic
-
Middle Triassic (2)
-
-
upper Mesozoic (2)
-
-
metal ores
-
base metals (2)
-
copper ores (6)
-
gold ores (7)
-
lead ores (3)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
silver ores (3)
-
tin ores (1)
-
tungsten ores (1)
-
zinc ores (3)
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (8)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
chromium (1)
-
gold (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (1)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
-
niobium (1)
-
precious metals (1)
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
-
titanium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
gneisses
-
augen gneiss (1)
-
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metarhyolite (1)
-
metatuff (1)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks (4)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
skarn (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (7)
-
mylonites (1)
-
phyllites (1)
-
schists
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (6)
-
metasomatism (7)
-
Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
-
Coahuila Mexico (1)
-
Jalisco Mexico (1)
-
Mexico state
-
Federal District Mexico (1)
-
-
Nayarit Mexico (2)
-
Popocatepetl (1)
-
Puebla Mexico (1)
-
Queretaro Mexico (1)
-
Sierra Madre Occidental (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
Trans-Mexican volcanic belt (11)
-
Valley of Mexico (1)
-
Veracruz Mexico (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (12)
-
mineral exploration (6)
-
mining geology (2)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (2)
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
helium (1)
-
xenon (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Blue Ridge Province (1)
-
Northern Appalachians (4)
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (1)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Flin Flon Belt (1)
-
Grenville Province (1)
-
Slave Province (6)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (1)
-
Wabigoon Belt (2)
-
-
-
Lake of the Woods region (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (2)
-
-
Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Yakutat Terrane (1)
-
-
ocean floors (2)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia (1)
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
-
orogeny (5)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
Central Pacific (1)
-
East Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Middle America Trench (1)
-
-
Peru-Chile Trench (1)
-
-
North Pacific
-
Bering Sea (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Middle America Trench (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Basin (1)
-
West Pacific
-
Indonesian Seas
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Celebes Sea (1)
-
Emperor Seamounts (1)
-
-
-
-
paleogeography (6)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Middle Cambrian (1)
-
Mount Read Volcanics (1)
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Furongian (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian (1)
-
-
Devonian (2)
-
lower Paleozoic (2)
-
middle Paleozoic
-
Hillabee Chlorite Schist (1)
-
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (3)
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (1)
-
-
Permian (2)
-
Silurian (3)
-
Talladega Group (1)
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
-
paragenesis (1)
-
petroleum (2)
-
petrology (13)
-
phase equilibria (3)
-
Plantae
-
Pteridophyta (1)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Dicotyledoneae
-
Rosidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
plate tectonics (44)
-
pollution (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Kromberg Formation (1)
-
Neoarchean (2)
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (1)
-
-
Yellowknife Group (1)
-
-
middle Precambrian (1)
-
Onverwacht Group (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Neoproterozoic (4)
-
Paleoproterozoic (3)
-
-
-
-
remote sensing (1)
-
sea-floor spreading (2)
-
sea-level changes (2)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks (1)
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (1)
-
evaporites (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
conglomerate (2)
-
sandstone (2)
-
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
soft sediment deformation
-
olistostromes (1)
-
-
-
sedimentation (5)
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
colluvium (1)
-
drift (1)
-
gravel (1)
-
sand (2)
-
till (1)
-
-
marine sediments (1)
-
peat (1)
-
-
seismology (2)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Patagonian Andes (1)
-
Southern Andes (1)
-
-
Argentina
-
Neuquen Basin (1)
-
-
Bolivia (1)
-
Chile (2)
-
Ecuador (1)
-
Patagonia
-
Patagonian Andes (1)
-
-
-
Southern Hemisphere (1)
-
spectroscopy (1)
-
stratigraphy (6)
-
structural analysis (2)
-
structural geology (5)
-
tectonics
-
neotectonics (2)
-
-
tectonophysics (10)
-
thermal waters (1)
-
United States
-
Alabama (1)
-
Alaska
-
Alaska Peninsula (1)
-
Aleutian Islands (1)
-
Pavlof (1)
-
Talkeetna Mountains (1)
-
-
Arizona (1)
-
California
-
Central California (1)
-
Mariposa County California (1)
-
Northern California (1)
-
Sierra Nevada Batholith (1)
-
-
Georgia (1)
-
Great Basin (1)
-
Hawaii (1)
-
Idaho Batholith (1)
-
Klamath Mountains (2)
-
Maine (1)
-
Nevada
-
Churchill County Nevada (1)
-
Lander County Nevada (1)
-
Pershing County Nevada (1)
-
-
New Mexico (1)
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Oregon (1)
-
Sevier orogenic belt (1)
-
Tennessee (1)
-
Washington (1)
-
-
volcanology (18)
-
-
rock formations
-
Puncoviscana Formation (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
flysch (2)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks (1)
-
chemically precipitated rocks
-
chert (1)
-
evaporites (1)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
conglomerate (2)
-
sandstone (2)
-
-
-
volcaniclastics (4)
-
-
sedimentary structures
-
sedimentary structures
-
soft sediment deformation
-
olistostromes (1)
-
-
-
-
sediments
-
sediments
-
clastic sediments
-
colluvium (1)
-
drift (1)
-
gravel (1)
-
sand (2)
-
till (1)
-
-
marine sediments (1)
-
peat (1)
-
-
volcaniclastics (4)
-
volcanic belts
Modern sand provenance and transport across the western Gulf of Mexico margin
Mantellic degassing of helium in an extensional active tectonic setting at the front of a magmatic arc (central Mexico)
Cambro–Ordovician ferrosilicic magmatism along the northern Gondwana margin: constraints from the Cézarenque–Joyeuse gneiss complex (French Massif Central)
The late Holocene Nealtican lava-flow field, Popocatépetl volcano, central Mexico: Emplacement dynamics and future hazards
Constraints on deep, CO 2 -rich degassing at arc volcanoes from solubility experiments on hydrous basaltic andesite of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska Peninsula, at 300 to 1200 MPa
Subduction-Zone Fluids
Early Proterozoic Basic Magmatism in the South Siberian Postcollisional Magmatic Belt (by the Example of the Ust’-Ignok Massif in the Urik–Iya Graben)
Late Mesozoic Volcanism in the Ust’-Kara Basin (Eastern Transbaikalia) and Its Relationship with Magmatism of the Great Xing’an and East Mongolian Volcanic Belts
Seeking the most hydrous, primitive arc melts: The glass is half full
Tree ferns and tea trees in biogeochemical exploration for epithermal Au and Ag in New Zealand
The Late Cretaceous East Sikhote-Alin Volcanic Belt: Transition from Subduction to Sliding of Lithospheric Plates (Structure-Geological, Petrological, and Isotope-Geochemical Aspects)
Early Paleozoic Granitoid Magmatism in the East Tannu-Ola Sector of the Tuvinian Magmatic Belt: Geodynamic Setting, Age, and Metallogeny
Sayan–Biryusa Volcanoplutonic Belt (Southern Siberian Craton): Age and Petrogenesis
Review of mid-Mesozoic to Paleogene evolution of the northern and central Californian accretionary margin
ABSTRACT Spatial distributions of widespread igneous arc rocks and high-pressure–low-temperature (HP/LT) metamafic rocks, combined with U-Pb maximum ages of deposition from detrital zircon and petrofacies of Jurassic–Miocene clastic sedimentary rocks, constrain the geologic development of the northern and central Californian accretionary margin: (1) Before ca. 175 Ma, transpressive plate subduction initiated construction of a magmatic arc astride the Klamath-Sierran crustal margin. (2) Paleo-Pacific oceanic-plate rocks were recrystallized under HP/LT conditions in an east-dipping subduction zone beneath the arc at ca. 170–155 Ma. Stored at depth, these HP/LT metamafic blocks returned surfaceward mainly during mid- and Late Cretaceous time as olistoliths and tectonic fragments entrained in circulating, buoyant Franciscan mud-matrix mélange. (3) By ca. 165 Ma and continuing to at least ca. 150 Ma, erosion of the volcanic arc supplied upper-crustal debris to the Mariposa-Galice and Myrtle arc-margin strata. (4) By ca. 140 Ma, the Klamath salient had moved ~80–100 km westward relative to the Sierran arc, initiating a new, outboard convergent plate junction, and trapping old oceanic crust on the south as the Great Valley Ophiolite. (5) Following end-of-Jurassic development of a new Farallon–North American east-dipping plate junction, terrigenous debris began to accumulate as the seaward Franciscan trench complex and landward Great Valley Group plus Hornbrook forearc clastic rocks. (6) Voluminous deposition and accretion of Franciscan Eastern and Central belt and Great Valley Group detritus occurred during vigorous Sierran igneous activity attending rapid, nearly orthogonal plate subduction starting at ca. 125 Ma. (7) Although minor traces of Grenville-age detrital zircon occur in other sandstones studied in this report, they are absent from post–120 Ma Franciscan strata. (8) Sierra Nevada magmatism ceased by ca. 85 Ma, signaling transition to subhorizontal eastward underflow attending Laramide orogeny farther inland. (9) Exposed Paleogene Franciscan Coastal belt sandstone accreted in a tectonic realm unaffected by HP/LT recrystallization. (10) Judging by petrofacies and zircon U-Pb ages, Franciscan Eastern belt rocks contain clasts derived chiefly from the Sierran and Klamath ranges. Detritus from the Sierra Nevada ± Idaho batholiths is present in some Central belt strata, whereas clasts from the Idaho batholith, Challis volcanics, and Cascade igneous arc appear in progressively younger Paleogene Coastal belt sandstone.
Petrology and multimineral fingerprinting of modern sand generated from a dissected magmatic arc (Lhasa River, Tibet)
ABSTRACT High-resolution sand petrography and heavy mineral analyses help to frame U-Pb age and Hf isotope data from zircon grains, integrated in turn with geochemical data from detrital apatite, rutile, garnet, and monazite, and with Raman spectroscopy data from detrital amphibole, pyroxene, and epidote-group minerals. This multitechnique approach, including stream-profile analysis, was used to characterize components of the sediment flux and define erosion patterns across the Lhasa block, a complex continental arc terrane caught in the Himalayan collision. Litho-feldspatho-quartzose detrital modes and hornblende-dominated heavy mineral assemblages suggest that the majority (four fifths) of the sand bed load in the Lhasa River catchment is derived from erosion of granitoid batholiths. Gravel composition, however, is markedly different and dominated by volcanic pebbles in the trunk river, as in all of its four major tributaries, testifying to an order-of-magnitude difference in apparent erosion rates between granitoid batholiths and arc lavas. This marked contrast, partly explained by wide exposures of granitoid rocks in the rugged Nyainqêntanglha Range characterized by active incision, is notably amplified by the high sand-generation potential of granitoid rocks, which, in contrast to dense joint blocks of andesitic lavas, tend to disintegrate to sandy grus upon weathering. Sedimentary strata, making up a good half of exposed rocks, are also underrepresented in sand bed load, suggesting selective mechanical breakdown of nondurable shale/slate grains. This exposes a serious bias affecting estimates based on sand only, and it highlights the necessity for taking into account the entire size spectrum from mud to gravel in order to improve the accuracy of sediment budgets. Provenance analysis should involve multiple methods applied to multiple minerals, rather than be based solely on a single rare mineral, even if it is exceptionally laden with potential provenance information, such as zircon. We here divide arc-derived suites into those eroded from undissected arcs, in which nearly continuous volcanic cover is present, and those from dissected arcs, in which cogenetic plutons are widely exposed from erosional unroofing. —Dickinson and Suczek (1979, p. 2175)
ABSTRACT A robust set of modal composition data (238 samples) for Eocene to Pliocene sandstone from the Cook Inlet forearc basin of southern Alaska reveals strong temporal trends in composition, particularly in the abundance of volcanic lithic grains. Field and petrographic point-count data from the northwestern side of the basin indicate that the middle Eocene West Foreland Formation was strongly influenced by nearby volcanic activity. The middle Eocene to lower Miocene Hemlock Conglomerate and Oligocene to middle Miocene Tyonek Formation have a more mature quartzose composition with limited volcanic input. The middle to upper Miocene Beluga Formation includes abundant argillaceous sedimentary lithic grains and records an upward increase in volcanogenic material. The up-section increase in volcanic detritus continues into the upper Miocene to Pliocene Sterling Formation. These first-order observations are interpreted to primarily reflect the waxing and waning of nearby arc magmatism. Available U-Pb detrital zircon geochronologic data indicate a dramatic reduction in zircon abundance during the early Eocene, and again during the Oligocene to Miocene, suggesting the arc was nearly dormant during these intervals. The reduced arc flux may record events such as subduction of slab windows or material that resisted subduction. The earlier hiatus in volcanism began ca. 56 Ma and coincided with a widely accepted model of ridge subduction beneath south-central Alaska. The later hiatus (ca. 25–8 Ma) coincided with insertion of the leading edge of the Yakutat terrane beneath the North American continental margin, resulting in an Oligocene to Miocene episode of flat-slab subduction that extended farther to the southwest than the modern seismically imaged flat-slab region. The younger tectonic event coincided with development of some of the best petroleum reservoirs in Cook Inlet.