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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
East African Rift (1)
-
North Africa
-
Egypt (2)
-
Libya
-
Sirte Basin (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
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-
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Arctic Ocean
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Barents Sea (2)
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Chukchi Sea (1)
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Norwegian Sea
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Haltenbanken (4)
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More Basin (3)
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Voring Basin (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland (1)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Saudi Arabia (1)
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Far East
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Borneo
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Kalimantan Indonesia
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Mahakam Delta (2)
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Indonesia
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Kalimantan Indonesia
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Mahakam Delta (2)
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Sumatra (1)
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Middle East
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Iran
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Elburz (1)
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Turkey (3)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Sakhalin (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
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Gulf of Mexico (3)
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North Sea
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Brent Field (1)
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East Shetland Basin (13)
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Gullfaks Field (7)
-
Oseberg Field (4)
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Snorre Field (1)
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Statfjord Field (3)
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Troll Field (1)
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Viking Graben (176)
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Northeast Atlantic (1)
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Rockall Trough (1)
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South Atlantic (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Barents region (1)
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Canada
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Caspian Basin (1)
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Sakhalin (1)
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Europe
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Carpathians (1)
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Central Europe
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Austria (2)
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Western Europe
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Norway
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Somerset England (1)
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Scotland
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Moray Firth (9)
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Indian Ocean
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Andaman Sea (1)
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Red Sea
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Gulf of Suez (1)
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Lusitanian Basin (1)
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Malay Archipelago
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Borneo
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Kalimantan Indonesia
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Mahakam Delta (2)
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Mediterranean region (1)
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North America
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Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (1)
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North German Basin (1)
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North West Shelf (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Nankai Trough (1)
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South Pacific
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Southwest Pacific (1)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Nankai Trough (1)
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Southwest Pacific (1)
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Permian Basin (1)
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Perth Basin (1)
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Sinai (1)
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Argentina
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Chile (1)
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Paradox Basin (1)
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Utah
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commodities
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bitumens
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brines (2)
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energy sources (7)
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metal ores
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copper ores (1)
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lead ores (1)
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zinc ores (1)
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mineral resources (1)
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oil and gas fields (59)
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petroleum
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natural gas (16)
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-
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (5)
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organic carbon (1)
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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-
isotope ratios (9)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (5)
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D/H (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
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metals
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alkali metals
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potassium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
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aluminum (1)
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platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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-
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rhenium
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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-
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Ostracoda (1)
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-
-
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia (1)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (1)
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-
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Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
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Radiolaria (1)
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-
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microfossils (5)
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palynomorphs
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Dinoflagellata (3)
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Plantae (1)
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geochronology methods
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K/Ar (4)
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U/Pb (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Boreal (2)
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Pleistocene
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Elsterian (1)
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upper Pleistocene (1)
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Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (3)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene (1)
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Pliocene
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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lower Eocene
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Ypresian (1)
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lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
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lower Oligocene (1)
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upper Oligocene (1)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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upper Paleocene (1)
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-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (2)
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Aptian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
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Cenomanian (1)
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Ferron Sandstone Member (1)
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-
-
Jurassic
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Heather Formation (12)
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Lower Jurassic
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Dunlin Group (4)
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lower Liassic (2)
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middle Liassic (1)
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Pliensbachian (1)
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Sinemurian (2)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (2)
-
Bajocian
-
Brent Group (17)
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Broom Formation (1)
-
Etive Formation (1)
-
Ness Formation (3)
-
Rannoch Formation (5)
-
Tarbert Formation (5)
-
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (5)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Fulmar Formation (1)
-
Kimmeridge Clay (15)
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Kimmeridgian
-
lower Kimmeridgian (1)
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upper Kimmeridgian (1)
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Oxfordian
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middle Oxfordian (1)
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upper Oxfordian (1)
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Tithonian (1)
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Volgian (3)
-
-
-
Statfjord Formation (9)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian (2)
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-
-
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Paleozoic
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Devonian (3)
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lower Paleozoic
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Penobscot Formation (1)
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Permian
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Rotliegendes (1)
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Upper Permian
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Zechstein (2)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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gabbros (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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minerals
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carbonates
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minerals (3)
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oxides
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rutile (1)
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silicates
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framework silicates
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silica minerals
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cristobalite (1)
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opal
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opal-A (1)
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opal-CT (1)
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quartz (4)
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tridymite (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group (1)
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zircon group
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zircon (1)
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-
-
-
sheet silicates
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chlorite group
-
chlorite (2)
-
-
clay minerals
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kaolinite (5)
-
smectite (5)
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-
illite (8)
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (6)
-
Africa
-
East African Rift (1)
-
North Africa
-
Egypt (2)
-
Libya
-
Sirte Basin (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Barents Sea (2)
-
Chukchi Sea (1)
-
Norwegian Sea
-
Haltenbanken (4)
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More Basin (3)
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Voring Basin (1)
-
-
-
Arctic region
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Greenland (1)
-
-
Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia
-
Mahakam Delta (2)
-
-
-
Indonesia
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Kalimantan Indonesia
-
Mahakam Delta (2)
-
-
Sumatra (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Iran
-
Elburz (1)
-
-
Turkey (3)
-
-
Sakhalin Russian Federation
-
Sakhalin (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Faeroe-Shetland Basin (2)
-
Gulf of Mexico (3)
-
North Sea
-
Brent Field (1)
-
East Shetland Basin (13)
-
Gullfaks Field (7)
-
Oseberg Field (4)
-
Snorre Field (1)
-
Statfjord Field (3)
-
Troll Field (1)
-
Viking Graben (176)
-
-
Northeast Atlantic (1)
-
Rockall Trough (1)
-
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
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Western Australia (1)
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-
-
bibliography (1)
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bitumens
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asphalt (1)
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-
brines (2)
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Canada
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Western Canada
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Alberta (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
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organic carbon (1)
-
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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Boreal (2)
-
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Pleistocene
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middle Pleistocene
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Elsterian (1)
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-
upper Pleistocene (1)
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-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (3)
-
Neogene
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Miocene
-
lower Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
Cimmerian (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene
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Ypresian (1)
-
-
-
lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
upper Oligocene (1)
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-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
Danian (1)
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upper Paleocene (1)
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-
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-
-
clay mineralogy (7)
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continental shelf (4)
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crust (3)
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crystal growth (1)
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data processing (20)
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diagenesis (26)
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Europe
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Alps (2)
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Austria (2)
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Vienna Basin (1)
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Fennoscandia (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain (1)
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-
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Western Europe
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Ireland (1)
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Scandinavia
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Denmark (1)
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Norway
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Rogaland Norway
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-
-
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Scotland
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-
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faults (54)
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geochemistry (8)
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geochronology (1)
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geophysical methods (65)
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ground water (2)
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heat flow (6)
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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igneous rocks
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granites (2)
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ultramafics
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peridotites (1)
-
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (3)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Andaman Sea (1)
-
Red Sea
-
Gulf of Suez (1)
-
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (1)
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (1)
-
-
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
-
Radiolaria (1)
-
-
-
isostasy (4)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
D/H (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
Kalimantan Indonesia
-
Mahakam Delta (2)
-
-
-
-
mantle (3)
-
maps (1)
-
Mediterranean region (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (2)
-
Aptian (1)
-
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Ferron Sandstone Member (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Heather Formation (12)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Dunlin Group (4)
-
lower Liassic (2)
-
middle Liassic (1)
-
Pliensbachian (1)
-
Sinemurian (2)
-
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Aalenian (2)
-
Bajocian
-
Brent Group (17)
-
Broom Formation (1)
-
Etive Formation (1)
-
Ness Formation (3)
-
Rannoch Formation (5)
-
Tarbert Formation (5)
-
-
Bathonian (4)
-
Callovian (5)
-
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Fulmar Formation (1)
-
Kimmeridge Clay (15)
-
Kimmeridgian
-
lower Kimmeridgian (1)
-
upper Kimmeridgian (1)
-
-
Oxfordian
-
middle Oxfordian (1)
-
upper Oxfordian (1)
-
-
Tithonian (1)
-
Volgian (3)
-
-
-
Statfjord Formation (9)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian (2)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
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copper ores (1)
-
lead ores (1)
-
zinc ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (2)
-
-
-
aluminum (1)
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
eclogite (1)
-
impactites (1)
-
-
metamorphism (1)
-
metasomatism (1)
-
mineral resources (1)
-
mineralogy (1)
-
minerals (3)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (1)
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North America
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (2)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (1)
-
-
-
ocean basins (1)
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 104
-
ODP Site 643 (1)
-
-
-
ocean floors (3)
-
oceanography (1)
-
oil and gas fields (59)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
North Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
-
Nankai Trough (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Nankai Trough (1)
-
-
Southwest Pacific (1)
-
-
-
paleoclimatology (2)
-
paleoecology (1)
-
paleogeography (10)
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paleomagnetism (1)
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Paleozoic
-
Devonian (3)
-
lower Paleozoic
-
Penobscot Formation (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Rotliegendes (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Zechstein (2)
-
-
-
-
palynomorphs
-
Dinoflagellata (3)
-
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (16)
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Plantae (1)
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plate tectonics (15)
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remote sensing (1)
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reservoirs (1)
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rock mechanics (2)
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sea-level changes (4)
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sedimentary petrology (11)
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sedimentary rocks
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chemically precipitated rocks
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evaporites
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salt (1)
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clastic rocks
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black shale (1)
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claystone (2)
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conglomerate (7)
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mudstone (15)
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sandstone (43)
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shale (10)
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siltstone (1)
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coal
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lignite (1)
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sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
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bioturbation (1)
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graded bedding (1)
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (5)
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cross-bedding (1)
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laminations (3)
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sand bodies (2)
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soft sediment deformation (1)
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turbidity current structures
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Bouma sequence (2)
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sedimentation (12)
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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clay (1)
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ooze (1)
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overbank sediments (1)
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pebbles (1)
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sand (2)
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marine sediments (1)
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South America
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Argentina
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Neuquen Basin (1)
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Paganzo Basin (1)
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Chile (1)
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spectroscopy (1)
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stratigraphy (9)
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structural analysis (1)
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structural geology (10)
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tectonics
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salt tectonics (1)
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tectonophysics (4)
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United States
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California
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Los Angeles Basin (1)
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San Joaquin Valley (1)
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Paradox Basin (1)
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Texas (1)
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Utah
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Canyonlands National Park (1)
-
-
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well-logging (9)
-
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rock formations
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Tor Formation (1)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks
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Viking Graben
A variational approach for picking optimal surfaces from semblance-like panels
Separation and imaging of diffractions using a dilated convolutional neural network
Geological controls on petroleum plays and future opportunities in the North Sea Rift Super Basin
Quantifying multiple source rock contributions to petroleum fluids: Bias in using compound ratios and neglecting the gas fraction
An improved seismic data completion algorithm using low-rank tensor optimization: Cost reduction and optimal data orientation
Repeated degradation and progradation of a submarine slope over geological timescales
Sand injectite mapping using a resistivity-velocity transform function
Reconstructing drainage pathways in the North Atlantic during the Triassic utilizing heavy minerals, mineral chemistry, and detrital zircon geochronology
The Dunlin, Dunlin SW, Osprey and Merlin fields, Blocks 211/23 and 211/24, UK North Sea
Abstract Located 160 km NE of the Shetland Islands in the East Shetland Basin, the Dunlin Cluster comprises four produced fields, Dunlin, Dunlin SW, Osprey and Merlin, in addition to some near-field satellite discoveries, Skye and Block 6. Dunlin was discovered in July 1973 and production began in August 1978. The field was developed using a concrete gravity-base platform, Dunlin Alpha, which also served as the production facility for the rest of the Dunlin Cluster. Osprey was discovered in 1974 but not tied-in until January 1991. Dunlin SW was discovered in 1973 but not brought onto production until 1996. Merlin was discovered in February 1997 and tied-in later that same year. Fairfield Energy acquired the Dunlin Cluster in 2008, and a programme of investment and facilities improvements, primarily in fuel gas infrastructure and power generation, sought to boost water-injection rates and bolster production, thereby extending the life of the asset. Ultimately, the Dunlin Cluster ceased production on 15 June 2015 after having maximized economic hydrocarbon recovery. The total Dunlin Cluster production exceeded 500 MMbbl of oil (Dunlin and Dunlin SW, 395 MMbbl oil; Osprey, 92 MMbbl oil; and Merlin, 27 MMbbl oil).
The Enoch Field, Block 16/13a, UK North Sea
Abstract The Enoch Field is located in the South Viking Graben and straddles the UK/Norway median line with 80% of the field in the UK and 20% in Norway. Enoch produces undersaturated oil from the Early Eocene-age Flugga Sandstone Member of the Sele Formation. Hydrocarbons have been trapped by a combination of compaction-related dip closure and sand pinchout. The current stock tank oil initially in place estimate is c. 42 MMbbl with expected ultimate recovery of 11.5 MMbbl. The field was brought onstream in May 2007 via a single horizontal subsea gas-lifted well tied back to the Brae Alpha platform. Initial oil production rates were c. 11 800 bopd. The field is currently in decline and in December 2018 production was c. 1800 bopd with 80% water-cut. Cumulative oil production to the end of 2018 was 10.581 MMbbl.
The Maria Field, Block 16/29a, UK North Sea
Abstract The Maria oilfield is located on a fault-bounded terrace in Block 16/29a of the UK sector of the North Sea, at the intersection of the South Viking Graben and the eastern Witch Ground Graben. The field was discovered in December 1993 by the 16/29a-11Y well and was confirmed by two further appraisal wells. The reservoir consists of shoreface sandstones of the Jurassic Fulmar Formation. The Jurassic sandstones, ranging from 100 to 180 ft in thickness, have variable reservoir properties, with porosities ranging from 10 to 18% and permeabilities from 1 to 300 mD. Hydrocarbons are trapped in a truncated rotated fault block, striking NW–SE. The reservoir sequence is sealed by Kimmeridge Clay Formation and Heather Formation claystones. Geochemical analysis suggests that Middle Jurassic Pentland Formation and Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation mudstones have been the source of the Maria hydrocarbons. Estimated recoverable reserves are 10.6 MMbbl and 67 bcf (21.8 MMboe). Two further production wells were drilled in 2018 to access unexploited areas.
Abstract The Penguins Cluster of fields are owned jointly (50:50) by Shell UK Ltd (Shell) and Esso Exploration and Production UK Ltd (Esso), with Shell as the operator. The cluster was discovered in 1974 and is composed of a combination of oil and gas condensate accumulations located 50–65 km north of the Brent Field, at the northern end of the North Viking Graben. Two main producing reservoirs are present: the Penguins West Field (Penguin A) consists of an Upper Jurassic Magnus Sandstone Member reservoir, while the Penguins East Field (Penguin C, D and E) consists of a Middle Jurassic Brent Group reservoir, underlain by currently undeveloped Statfjord and Triassic (Cormorant) reservoirs. The Magnus reservoir is composed of turbidite sands with an average porosity of 15% and permeabilities of 0.10–300 mD. The Brent reservoirs are composed of deltaic shoreface deposits with an average porosity of 14% and permeabilities of 0.01–1000 mD. The fields were brought on stream in 2003 as a subsea development via what at the time was the world's longest comingled tieback to the Brent Charlie facility. A total of nine producing wells have been drilled from four subsea manifolds, producing c. 78 MMboe to date through depletion drive.
Organic geochemistry at varying scales: from kilometres to ångstroms
Abstract Petroleum geochemistry has historically relied on the analysis of field samples – source rocks, oils and gases. Data collected for individual samples are considered characteristic of a specific geographical location and geological position that, when aggregated with data from other samples, can be extrapolated to larger scales. These scale-ups may be as small as a few metres, such as a detailed characterization of source rocks penetrated by a single well, to global, such as petroleum systems that now span continents due to plate tectonics. However, a single sample contains a wealth of information at smaller scales. In situ analytical techniques have improved significantly over the last decade, allowing us to examine sedimentary rocks at ever higher spatial (areal and temporal) resolution. Mass spectrometric imaging is an emerging, enabling technology that can be performed at c. 200 µm (matrix-assisted laser desorption) to 50 nm (nanoSIMS) resolution. X-ray microcomputed tomography (µ-CT) is being applied to examine the storage and transport of petroleum in low-permeability shales and carbonates at spatial resolutions as low as c. 8 µm. Pore architecture in shale, both organic and inorganic, can be modelled from small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data and imaged directly with helium ion microscopy at c. 1 nm resolution. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can now resolve the molecular structure of individual asphaltene molecules. Information obtained with these techniques is now revealing the fundamental nature of geological organic materials, opening the span of petroleum geochemistry from atoms to continents.