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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
East Africa
-
Tanzania
-
Kilimanjaro (1)
-
-
-
North Africa
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
Tunisia (2)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa (1)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Mendeleyev Ridge (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Greenland ice sheet (1)
-
Northern Greenland (1)
-
Summit Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
-
Buryat Russian Federation (1)
-
Far East
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
China
-
Jiangsu China
-
Nanjing China (1)
-
-
Meishan China (1)
-
Xizang China (1)
-
Yunnan China (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Niigata Japan (1)
-
Yamagata Japan (1)
-
-
-
Malaysia
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands
-
Luzon
-
Taal (1)
-
-
-
Taiwan
-
Taipei Taiwan (1)
-
Tatun Shan (1)
-
-
Thailand (1)
-
-
Himalayas (2)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Gujarat India
-
Kutch India (1)
-
-
West Bengal India
-
Darjeeling India (1)
-
-
-
-
Lake Baikal (2)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus
-
Troodos Massif (2)
-
-
Dead Sea Rift (1)
-
Israel
-
Negev (1)
-
-
Turkey
-
Turkish Aegean region (1)
-
-
-
Selenga River valley (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Caribbean Sea (2)
-
Gulf of Mexico
-
Alaminos Canyon (1)
-
-
Northwest Atlantic (2)
-
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Bermuda (3)
-
Canary Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Lake Eyre Basin (1)
-
New South Wales Australia
-
Sydney Australia (1)
-
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia (1)
-
-
New Zealand
-
Southland New Zealand
-
Fiordland National Park (1)
-
-
Taupo volcanic zone (1)
-
-
Papua New Guinea
-
Huon Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Banks Island (1)
-
Black Hills (2)
-
Canada
-
Arctic Archipelago (5)
-
Eastern Canada
-
Baffin Island (4)
-
Ontario (1)
-
Quebec (1)
-
-
Nunavut
-
Baffin Island (4)
-
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (1)
-
Northwest Territories (5)
-
-
-
Caribbean region
-
West Indies
-
Antilles
-
Greater Antilles
-
Hispaniola
-
Haiti (1)
-
-
Jamaica (1)
-
-
Lesser Antilles
-
Barbados (2)
-
Grenada (1)
-
-
-
Bahamas (3)
-
-
-
Cascade Range (1)
-
Central America
-
Belize (1)
-
-
Colorado River (2)
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Buryat Russian Federation (1)
-
Lake Baikal (2)
-
-
-
Death Valley (2)
-
Devils Hole (1)
-
Drake Passage (1)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Guadalupe Island (1)
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Hualalai (2)
-
Kilauea (1)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Mauna Kea (2)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (3)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii (1)
-
Mauna Loa (1)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Eastern Alps
-
Dinaric Alps (1)
-
Zillertal Alps (1)
-
-
-
Carpathians
-
Slovakian Carpathians
-
Low Tatra Mountains (1)
-
-
Tatra Mountains (1)
-
Western Carpathians (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (1)
-
Germany
-
Eifel (2)
-
Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
-
Laacher See (2)
-
-
-
Poland (1)
-
Slovakia
-
Slovakian Carpathians
-
Low Tatra Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Tatra Mountains (1)
-
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (2)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Dinaric Alps (1)
-
Greece
-
Epirus Greece (1)
-
Pindus Mountains (1)
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain (1)
-
-
Italy
-
Apennines
-
Apuane Alps (2)
-
Northern Apennines (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Apuane Alps (2)
-
-
-
Montenegro (1)
-
-
Variscides (1)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Central Massif (2)
-
Puy-de-Dome France (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Bath England (1)
-
Cotswold Hills (1)
-
Lancashire England (1)
-
Somerset England (1)
-
Yorkshire England (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Grand Canyon (1)
-
Green Canyon (1)
-
Guadalupe Mountains (1)
-
Indian Ocean
-
Arabian Sea
-
Gulf of Oman (1)
-
-
Red Sea
-
Gulf of Aqaba (1)
-
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Maldive Islands (1)
-
-
La Palma (1)
-
Malay Archipelago
-
Borneo
-
East Malaysia
-
Sarawak Malaysia (1)
-
-
-
New Guinea (1)
-
-
Mediterranean region (5)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
East Mediterranean
-
Eratosthenes Seamount (1)
-
-
West Mediterranean
-
Tyrrhenian Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Baja California Mexico (1)
-
Baja California Sur Mexico (1)
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
North America
-
Basin and Range Province
-
Great Basin (2)
-
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province
-
Quetico Belt (1)
-
Wawa Belt (1)
-
-
-
Rio Grande Rift (2)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
-
-
Saint Lawrence Lowlands (1)
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Oceania
-
Micronesia
-
Mariana Islands
-
Northern Mariana Islands
-
Saipan (1)
-
-
-
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Hualalai (2)
-
Kilauea (1)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Mauna Kea (2)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (3)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii (1)
-
Mauna Loa (1)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Axial Seamount (1)
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Hawaiian Ridge (1)
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge (1)
-
Loihi Seamount (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Axial Seamount (1)
-
Gulf of California (1)
-
Hawaiian Ridge (1)
-
Juan de Fuca Ridge (1)
-
Loihi Seamount (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin (1)
-
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
Solomon Sea (1)
-
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Southwest Pacific
-
Bismarck Sea
-
Manus Basin (1)
-
-
Coral Sea
-
Great Barrier Reef (1)
-
Solomon Sea (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Red Hill (1)
-
Red Sea region (1)
-
Ruby Range (1)
-
San Andreas Fault (3)
-
San Luis Valley (1)
-
San Nicolas Island (1)
-
San Salvador (1)
-
Santa Barbara Basin (1)
-
Santa Cruz Island (1)
-
Scotia Ridge (1)
-
Searles Lake (1)
-
Severn Valley (1)
-
Sierra Nevada (1)
-
South America
-
Andes
-
Villarrica (1)
-
-
Chile
-
Antofagasta Chile (1)
-
Atacama Desert (1)
-
Villarrica (1)
-
-
-
South Island (1)
-
Southern Ocean (2)
-
United States
-
Albuquerque Basin (1)
-
Amargosa Desert (1)
-
Arizona
-
Coconino County Arizona (1)
-
Mohave County Arizona (1)
-
-
Atlantic Coastal Plain
-
Southern Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
-
-
California
-
Channel Islands
-
San Clemente Island (2)
-
-
Coachella Valley (2)
-
Imperial County California (1)
-
Inyo County California
-
Owens Lake (1)
-
-
Kern County California (1)
-
Los Angeles Basin (1)
-
Los Angeles County California
-
San Clemente Island (2)
-
-
Mono County California
-
Long Valley Caldera (2)
-
-
Orange County California (1)
-
Riverside County California
-
Mission Creek Fault (1)
-
-
San Bernardino County California (2)
-
San Joaquin Valley (1)
-
Santa Barbara County California
-
Point Conception (1)
-
-
Southern California (4)
-
Yosemite National Park (1)
-
-
Colorado
-
Gunnison River (1)
-
-
Colorado Plateau (2)
-
Florida
-
Florida Keys (2)
-
Monroe County Florida (2)
-
-
Great Basin (2)
-
Hawaii
-
Hawaii County Hawaii
-
Hawaii Island
-
Hualalai (2)
-
Kilauea (1)
-
Kohala (1)
-
Mauna Kea (2)
-
-
-
Honolulu County Hawaii
-
Oahu (3)
-
-
Maui County Hawaii (1)
-
Mauna Loa (1)
-
Molokai (1)
-
-
Idaho
-
Bingham County Idaho (1)
-
Butte County Idaho (1)
-
Jefferson County Idaho (1)
-
Snake River plain (1)
-
Snake River Plain Aquifer (1)
-
-
Louisiana (1)
-
Madison Aquifer (1)
-
Minnesota
-
Fillmore County Minnesota (1)
-
Winona County Minnesota (1)
-
-
Mississippi Valley
-
Upper Mississippi Valley (1)
-
-
Mojave Desert (1)
-
Nevada
-
Clark County Nevada (1)
-
Nevada Test Site (1)
-
Nye County Nevada
-
Yucca Mountain (2)
-
-
Pershing County Nevada
-
Humboldt Range (1)
-
-
-
New Mexico
-
Bernalillo County New Mexico
-
Albuquerque New Mexico (1)
-
-
Cibola County New Mexico (1)
-
Eddy County New Mexico
-
Carlsbad Caverns (1)
-
-
Jemez Lineament (2)
-
Jemez Mountains (1)
-
McKinley County New Mexico (1)
-
Otero County New Mexico (1)
-
Sandoval County New Mexico (1)
-
Torrance County New Mexico (1)
-
Valencia County New Mexico (1)
-
Valles Caldera (1)
-
-
South Dakota
-
Custer County South Dakota (3)
-
-
Southwestern U.S. (3)
-
Texas
-
Comal County Texas (1)
-
Edwards Aquifer (1)
-
Edwards Plateau (1)
-
Kendall County Texas (1)
-
Williamson County Texas (1)
-
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Wasatch Range (1)
-
-
Uncompahgre Uplift (1)
-
Utah
-
Grand County Utah (1)
-
-
Western U.S. (3)
-
Wyoming (2)
-
-
Victoria Island (1)
-
Walker Lake (1)
-
Yucatan Peninsula (3)
-
-
commodities
-
barite deposits (1)
-
geothermal energy (2)
-
metal ores
-
bismuth ores (1)
-
cobalt ores (1)
-
copper ores (3)
-
gold ores (2)
-
iron ores (1)
-
lead ores (1)
-
lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
nickel ores (1)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
silver ores (2)
-
uranium ores (4)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (4)
-
mineral exploration (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-12 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (14)
-
C-14 (22)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
-
halogens
-
chlorine
-
Cl-36 (2)
-
-
-
hydrogen
-
deuterium (1)
-
tritium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (36)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Be-10 (2)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (1)
-
C-14 (22)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
Cl-36 (2)
-
Cs-137 (1)
-
Pa-231 (8)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-210 (2)
-
Ra-226 (9)
-
Th-230 (11)
-
Th-230/Ra-226 (1)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
Th-232/Th-230 (3)
-
Th-234 (1)
-
tritium (1)
-
U-234 (4)
-
U-234/Th-230 (1)
-
U-235 (2)
-
U-238 (8)
-
U-238/Th-230 (2)
-
U-238/Th-232 (3)
-
U-238/U-234 (3)
-
U-238/U-235 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (1)
-
C-12 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (14)
-
C-14/C-12 (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
He-3 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (25)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
curium (1)
-
protactinium
-
Pa-231 (8)
-
-
thorium
-
Th-230 (11)
-
Th-230/Ra-226 (1)
-
Th-232 (1)
-
Th-232/Th-230 (3)
-
Th-234 (1)
-
U-234/Th-230 (1)
-
U-238/Th-230 (2)
-
U-238/Th-232 (3)
-
-
uranium
-
U-234 (4)
-
U-234/Th-230 (1)
-
U-235 (2)
-
U-238 (8)
-
U-238/Th-230 (2)
-
U-238/Th-232 (3)
-
U-238/U-234 (3)
-
U-238/U-235 (2)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium
-
Cs-137 (1)
-
-
potassium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (2)
-
Be-10/Be-9 (1)
-
-
calcium (1)
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (9)
-
Th-230/Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (7)
-
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (1)
-
Pb-210 (2)
-
-
platinum group
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (1)
-
-
precious metals (1)
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (4)
-
-
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40 (1)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (1)
-
-
radon (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (25)
-
-
short-lived isotopes (1)
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (1)
-
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Primates
-
Hominidae
-
Homo
-
Homo erectus (1)
-
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Mammuthus (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
coprolites (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Arachnida (1)
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Ostracoda (4)
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Diptera
-
Chironomidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Zoantharia
-
Scleractinia (1)
-
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia
-
Glycymeris (1)
-
-
Gastropoda (2)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
-
Globigerina
-
Globigerina bulloides (1)
-
-
-
Neogloboquadrina
-
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
microfossils (10)
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
diatoms (3)
-
Rhodophyta
-
Corallinaceae (1)
-
-
-
-
thallophytes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
-
Ar/Ar (5)
-
exposure age (3)
-
fission-track dating (1)
-
infrared stimulated luminescence (2)
-
K/Ar (2)
-
optically stimulated luminescence (1)
-
paleomagnetism (4)
-
Pb/Pb (1)
-
racemization (8)
-
radiation damage (1)
-
tephrochronology (2)
-
Th/Th (2)
-
Th/U (40)
-
thermochronology (1)
-
thermoluminescence (5)
-
U/Pb (13)
-
U/Th/Pb (4)
-
uranium disequilibrium (155)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Clovis (1)
-
Cordilleran ice sheet (1)
-
Holocene
-
lower Holocene (3)
-
middle Holocene (1)
-
upper Holocene (8)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Bishop Tuff (1)
-
Key Largo Limestone (1)
-
Lake Lahontan (2)
-
lower Pleistocene
-
Waccamaw Formation (1)
-
-
middle Pleistocene
-
Elsterian (1)
-
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Devensian (1)
-
Eemian (1)
-
Lake Lisan (1)
-
Lisan Formation (1)
-
Tyrrhenian (1)
-
Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
-
Allerod (2)
-
Younger Dryas (1)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
lower Wisconsinan (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
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Neogene
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Ocean Drilling Program
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Leg 167
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
uranium disequilibrium
Zircon age spectra to quantify magma evolution Open Access
Uranium–Thorium Dating of Speleothems Available to Purchase
The age of dust—A new hydrological indicator in arid environments? Available to Purchase
No valley deepening of the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) during the past 300 ka Open Access
Pleistocene lakes and paleohydrologic environments of the Tecopa basin, California: Constraints on the drainage integration of the Amargosa River Available to Purchase
300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA—Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer Available to Purchase
Late Quaternary sea-level history of Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, USA: A test of tectonic uplift and glacial isostatic adjustment models Available to Purchase
Implications for central Italy paleoclimate from 95,000 yr B.P. until the early Holocene as evident from Frasassi Cave speleothems Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT In this study, we present a composite δ 18 O and δ 13 C record obtained from four speleothems from the Grotta Grande del Vento Cave, located within the Frasassi karst system, northeastern Apennines of central Italy. The ages were determined by U-series analysis, employing thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), and the composite isotopic profile covers most of the time period from ca. 95,000 yr B.P. until ca. 10,000 yr B.P., including the last part of marine isotope stage (MIS) 5, most of the last glacial (MIS 4–2), and the earliest Holocene (MIS 1), with a hiatus lasting from ca. 65,000 to ca. 55,000 yr B.P. We compared this record with other speleothem records from the Eastern Mediterranean, with caves from western Portugal, with two marine records from the Eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea, and with the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice-core record. The Frasassi speleothem record provides further insight for a wider regional understanding of the paleoclimate record through the discrepancies and similarities between the northeastern Apennines of central Italy and the Western, Eastern, and northeastern Mediterranean regions. The time interval between ca. 86,000 and 83,000 yr B.P. shows low δ 18 O values in the Western and Eastern Mediterranean speleothems and the marine records. This period coincides with sapropel (S3) and is associated with increased hydrological activity and warming. On the other hand, Frasassi speleothem δ 18 O data do not show a similar low trend, suggesting that increased hydrological activity either did not reach the Frasassi region and/or the region received rainfall from other sources and/or the proportion of winter-summer rainfall was different. Another interval in which different conditions prevailed in the Frasassi region is during the transition from MIS 5 to glacial MIS 4, from ca. 83,000 to 65,000 yr B.P., when Frasassi speleothem δ 18 O values decreased, whereas all other records show a clear increase in δ 18 O. Comparison with the NGRIP record suggests that Northern Hemisphere temperature changes are reflected in Frasassi speleothem δ 18 O fluctuations during this interval. A major pronounced isotopic event associated with warming and pluvial conditions during the last glacial evident in the entire Mediterranean region between ca. 54,500 and 52,500 yr B.P. is recorded also in the Frasassi speleothem isotopic profile. This event is followed by a transition from wet and warm climatic conditions to cold conditions. The end of the last glacial is associated with climate instability, evident mainly from the very large oscillations in the Frasassi δ 13 C record. The transition from the last glacial to early Holocene is characterized by a decreasing trend in δ 18 O and a sharp increase in δ 13 C values.
238 U/ 230 Th disequilibrium dating and trace element geochemistry of perovskite from late Quaternary alkali mafic rocks of the West Eifel Volcanic Field (Germany) Available to Purchase
Composition and formation age of amorphous silica coating glacially polished surfaces Open Access
Establishing chronologies for alluvial-fan sequences with analysis of high-resolution topographic data: San Luis Valley, Colorado, USA Open Access
Evidence of tectonism based on differential uplift of the Falmouth Formation of Jamaica Available to Purchase
Uranium Isotope Fractionation Available to Purchase
Tectonics, hydrothermalism, and paleoclimate recorded by Quaternary travertines and their spatio-temporal distribution in the Albegna basin, central Italy: Insights on Tyrrhenian margin neotectonics Open Access
U-series and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages of Holocene volcanic rocks at Changbaishan volcano, China Available to Purchase
Quantitative dating of Pleistocene deposits of the Kyrenia Range, northern Cyprus: implications for timing, rates of uplift and driving mechanisms Open Access
Comparison of 226 Ra/ 238 U and 228 Th/ 228 Ra Disequilibrium With Weathering Indices In Beach Sand Sediments From Greece Available to Purchase
17. Middle Pleistocene glacial outwash in poljes of the Dinaric karst Open Access
Poljes are distinctive features of Mediterranean karst landscapes, but their Pleistocene sedimentary fills have not been widely investigated. Most previous research has focused on their formation and hydrology. Many Mediterranean poljes are situated downstream of high mountains that were glaciated during the cold stages of the Pleistocene, so that meltwater streams delivered glacially derived sediment into these basins. This study examines the Pleistocene alluvial records in karst poljes surrounding Mount Orjen in western Montenegro and explores their wider significance. There is a record of at least four glaciations preserved on Mount Orjen—two from the Middle Pleistocene (marine isotope stages [MIS] 12 and 6) and two from the last cold stage (MIS 5d-2), including the Younger Dryas. Detailed sedimentological analysis and uranium-series dating indicate that the Orjen poljes were filled with thick deposits of coarse- and fine-grained alluvium prior to 350 ka, during the major glacial phase of MIS 12. During the cold stages that followed MIS 12, ice was less extensive and limited to the Orjen plateau, and there is little evidence of outwash deposition during these later glaciations. Surface runoff and sediment supply were greatly reduced after MIS 12 and largely channeled into the subterranean karst network. The poljes around Orjen contain some of the best-preserved records of Middle Pleistocene glacial outwash in the Mediterranean, representing an important legacy of an extensive Middle Pleistocene glaciation for which wider impacts have not been fully appreciated.