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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Romania
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Western Europe
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Indian Ocean
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Indian Ocean Islands
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International Ocean Discovery Program
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Expedition 355
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Kings River (1)
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Meade Basin (1)
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Mediterranean region
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Mediterranean Sea
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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Oceania
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Samoa (1)
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Otto Fjord (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Southeast Pacific
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Equatorial Pacific (1)
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Northwest Pacific
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South China Sea (1)
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South Pacific
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Tonga Trench (1)
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West Pacific
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hydrogen
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strontium
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aluminum
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iron (1)
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platinum group
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rare earths
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noble gases
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Ne-21 (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (11)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (3)
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fossils
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Chordata
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Echinodermata
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Cassidulinacea
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Anomalinidae
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Discorbacea (1)
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Globigerinacea
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Globigerinidae
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Globigerinoides
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Globorotaliidae
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Globorotalia
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Globorotalia inflata (1)
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Globorotalia truncatulinoides (1)
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-
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Neogloboquadrina
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Neogloboquadrina dutertrei (1)
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Nodosariacea (1)
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Rotaliacea
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Rotalia (1)
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Textulariina (2)
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Radiolaria (2)
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Vermes (1)
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microfossils
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Fusulinina (1)
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palynomorphs
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Dinoflagellata (4)
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miospores
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pollen (9)
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-
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Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta
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Botryococcus (1)
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Coccolithophoraceae
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Gephyrocapsa (1)
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diatoms (3)
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nannofossils (4)
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Pteridophyta (1)
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Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Quercus (1)
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Monocotyledoneae (1)
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Gymnospermae
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Coniferales
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Taxodium (1)
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thallophytes (5)
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-
geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (11)
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exposure age (2)
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fission-track dating (8)
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hydration of glass (1)
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K/Ar (6)
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paleomagnetism (35)
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Sr/Sr (1)
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tephrochronology (11)
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thermochronology (2)
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thermoluminescence (1)
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tree rings (1)
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U/Pb (6)
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U/Th/Pb (1)
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uranium disequilibrium (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Blancan (6)
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Caloosahatchee Formation (1)
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Glenns Ferry Formation (1)
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Omo Group (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (1)
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-
lower Quaternary (3)
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Pleistocene
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Bishop Tuff (1)
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Irvingtonian (1)
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lower Pleistocene
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Calabrian (1)
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Gelasian (2)
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Jaramillo Subchron (1)
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Omma Formation (1)
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Matuyama Chron (7)
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middle Pleistocene (4)
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Old Crow Tephra (1)
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upper Pleistocene
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Barents ice sheet (1)
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Tyrrhenian (1)
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Wisconsinan
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upper Wisconsinan (1)
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-
-
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upper Quaternary
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Brunhes Chron (5)
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Scandinavian ice sheet (1)
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-
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Shungura Formation (1)
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Siwalik System (2)
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Tertiary
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lower Tertiary (1)
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Neogene
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Hemphillian (1)
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Miocene
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Calvert Formation (2)
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lower Miocene (2)
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middle Miocene
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Choptank Formation (2)
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-
Pungo River Formation (2)
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Saint Marys Formation (2)
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upper Miocene
-
Eastover Formation (4)
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Messinian
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Messinian Salinity Crisis (1)
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-
-
-
Pliocene
-
Bowden Formation (1)
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Gauss Chron (5)
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Hadar Formation (2)
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lower Pliocene
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Zanclean (2)
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-
upper Pliocene
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Akchagylian (1)
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Chowan River Formation (11)
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Piacenzian (8)
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Redonian (2)
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Rexroad Formation (4)
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-
Yorktown Formation (10)
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-
upper Neogene (1)
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-
Paleogene
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Eocene
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Nanjemoy Formation (2)
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upper Eocene
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Piney Point Formation (2)
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-
-
Oligocene (3)
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Paleocene
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Tongue River Member (1)
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-
-
-
upper Cenozoic
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Chesapeake Group (1)
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Pico Formation (1)
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Romanian (1)
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Tamiami Formation (1)
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Villafranchian (3)
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Lake Bonneville (1)
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Laurentide ice sheet (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
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Jurassic (2)
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Paleozoic
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Permian
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Lower Permian
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic (1)
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igneous rocks
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porphyry
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volcanic rocks
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andesites (1)
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basalts
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alkali basalts
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hawaiite (1)
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basanite (2)
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volcanic ash (3)
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framework silicates
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silica minerals
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quartz (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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olivine group
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zircon group
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zircon (3)
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sheet silicates
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clay minerals
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kaolinite (2)
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mica group
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phlogopite (1)
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-
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sulfates
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alunite (2)
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barite (1)
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gypsum (1)
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sulfides
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pyrite (1)
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wehrlite (1)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (28)
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Africa
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East Africa
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North Africa
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Southern Africa
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Asia
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Altai Russian Federation
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Siwalik Range (1)
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Tomsk Russian Federation (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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atmosphere (3)
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carbon
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Cenozoic
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Blancan (6)
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Caloosahatchee Formation (1)
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Omo Group (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (1)
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lower Quaternary (3)
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Pleistocene
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Bishop Tuff (1)
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Irvingtonian (1)
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lower Pleistocene
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Calabrian (1)
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Gelasian (2)
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Jaramillo Subchron (1)
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Omma Formation (1)
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Matuyama Chron (7)
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middle Pleistocene (4)
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Old Crow Tephra (1)
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upper Pleistocene
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Barents ice sheet (1)
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Tyrrhenian (1)
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Wisconsinan
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upper Wisconsinan (1)
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-
-
-
upper Quaternary
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Brunhes Chron (5)
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Scandinavian ice sheet (1)
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-
-
Shungura Formation (1)
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Siwalik System (2)
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Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
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Miocene
-
Calvert Formation (2)
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene
-
Choptank Formation (2)
-
-
Pungo River Formation (2)
-
Saint Marys Formation (2)
-
upper Miocene
-
Eastover Formation (4)
-
Messinian
-
Messinian Salinity Crisis (1)
-
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
Bowden Formation (1)
-
Gauss Chron (5)
-
Hadar Formation (2)
-
lower Pliocene
-
Zanclean (2)
-
-
upper Pliocene
-
Akchagylian (1)
-
Chowan River Formation (11)
-
Piacenzian (8)
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Redonian (2)
-
Rexroad Formation (4)
-
-
Yorktown Formation (10)
-
-
upper Neogene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Nanjemoy Formation (2)
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upper Eocene
-
Piney Point Formation (2)
-
-
-
Oligocene (3)
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Paleocene
-
Tongue River Member (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic
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Chesapeake Group (1)
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Pico Formation (1)
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Romanian (1)
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Tamiami Formation (1)
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Villafranchian (3)
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Central America
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Panama (1)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Osteichthyes
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Suiformes
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Carnivora
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Cetacea
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Primates
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Hominidae
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Australopithecinae
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Australopithecus
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Australopithecus afarensis (1)
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Proboscidea
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Elephantoidea
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Rodentia
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Reptilia
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Testudines (1)
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Diapsida
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Squamata (3)
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clay mineralogy (5)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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IPOD
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Leg 69 (1)
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Leg 72
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DSDP Site 516 (1)
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DSDP Site 517 (1)
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DSDP Site 518 (1)
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Leg 80
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DSDP Site 548 (1)
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Leg 83 (1)
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Leg 90
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DSDP Site 593 (1)
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DSDP Site 594 (1)
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Leg 92 (1)
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Leg 94
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DSDP Site 607 (1)
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Leg 96 (1)
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Leg 13
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DSDP Site 125 (2)
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Leg 16
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DSDP Site 157 (1)
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deformation (7)
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porphyry
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Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
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Expedition 346
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IODP Site U1313 (1)
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intrusions (3)
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Invertebrata
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Echinodermata
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
upper Pliocene
New insights on the latest Messinian-to-Piacenzian stratigraphic series from the Dahra Massif (Lower Chelif Basin, Algeria): Lago Mare, reflooding and bio-events Open Access
Fitting and evaluating univariate and multivariate models of within-lineage evolution Open Access
Magnetostratigraphy of the Collepardo Late Pliocene faunal assemblage (Early Villafranchian Triversa Faunal Unit), Ernici Mts., Central Italy Available to Purchase
Estimating paleotidal constituents from Pliocene “tidal gauges”—an example from the paleo-Orinoco Delta, Trinidad Available to Purchase
Unravelling biotic versus abiotic processes in the development of large sulfuric-acid karsts Available to Purchase
Geological Aspects of Energy and Environmental-Safety Problems in the Caspian Region Available to Purchase
Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene Planktonic Foraminifera from Northern Indian Ocean (Andaman and Nicobar Islands): Interpretation on Cooling Event and Ocean Upwelling Available to Purchase
Late Pliocene-Pleistocene incision in the Ebro Basin (North Spain) Open Access
Widespread glacial erosion on the Scandinavian passive margin Open Access
Controls on the origin and evolution of deep-ocean trench-axial channels Available to Purchase
Phased evolution and variation of the South Asian monsoon, and resulting weathering and surface erosion in the Himalaya–Karakoram Mountains, since late Pliocene time using data from Arabian Sea core Available to Purchase
Volcanic and marine stratigraphy along the El Álamo Canyon, Santa Rosalía Basin, Baja California Sur Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT This field trip highlights evidence of late Pliocene–early Pleistocene submarine and subaerial volcanism coeval with marine and marginal-marine sedimentation in the Santa Rosalía Basin in Baja California. The best exposures of these rocks occur at the El Álamo Canyon, which exhibits outcrops of the Tirabuzón and Infierno formations interbedded with submarine and subaerial volcanic and volcaniclastic deposits that are covered by the subaerial ignimbrites of Reforma and Aguajito calderas. Extensive field mapping and stratigraphy carried out in this canyon, aided with 40 Ar/ 39 Ar, and U-Pb geochronology, allowed us to divide the stratigraphy into three main sequences that, from base to top, are: (1) Santa Rosalía succession, (2) the Reforma caldera complex, and (3) El Aguajito caldera. This refined stratigraphy indicates that eight episodes of volcanism occurred between 2.5 and 1.36 Ma, during marine sedimentation in an internal continental shelf and in estuaries, coastal lagoons, or protected bays as supported by the fossil record. This sedimentary and volcanic interbedding suggests transgressions and regressions of the sea level, as well as tectonic uplifting. After the inception of volcanism in the Reforma caldera complex (1.29 Ma), the area emerged from these shallow seas followed by the formation of the Aguajito caldera (1.1 Ma), and then later on by the Tres Vírgenes volcanic complex (0.3 Ma). The last complex erupted a lava flow ca. 22 ka that so far stands as the youngest activity in the region. The magmatic evolution in the region is characterized by post-subduction calc-alkaline magmatism. Such magmatism is expressed as pure calc-alkaline rocks from El Aguajito–Reforma calderas, and as hybrid transitional magmas formed by adakitic rocks from the Tres Vírgenes volcanic complex.