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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Dinosaur Provincial Park (1)
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Drumheller Alberta (1)
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British Columbia (1)
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Lewis thrust fault (1)
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North America
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Glacier National Park (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains (2)
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Rocky Mountains foreland (2)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (1)
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United States
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Arkansas (1)
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Colorado (1)
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Iowa
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Manson impact structure (1)
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Montana
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Big Horn County Montana (1)
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Chouteau County Montana (1)
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Fergus County Montana (2)
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metals
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fossils
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Upper Cretaceous
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lower Campanian (1)
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upper Campanian (1)
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Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (2)
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Primary terms
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Canada
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carbon
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chemical analysis (1)
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Insecta
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isotopes
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (1)
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Gething Formation (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Bearpaw Formation (2)
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Campanian
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Dinosaur Park Formation (4)
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lower Campanian (1)
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upper Campanian (1)
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Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (2)
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Fruitland Formation (1)
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Hell Creek Formation (1)
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Horseshoe Canyon Formation (1)
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Judith River Formation (9)
-
Kaiparowits Formation (1)
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Maestrichtian (3)
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Montana Group (1)
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Pierre Shale (1)
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Saint Mary River Formation (1)
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Senonian (16)
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Two Medicine Formation (39)
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Jurassic (1)
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metals
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rare earths (3)
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North America
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Glacier National Park (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains (2)
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Rocky Mountains foreland (2)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (4)
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United States
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Iowa
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Montana
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Big Horn County Montana (1)
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Glacier County Montana (9)
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Hill County Montana (1)
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tracks (3)
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sediments
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soils
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Two Medicine Formation
PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF INVERTEBRATE FECAL PELLETS ( EDAPHICHNIUM ISP.) AT AN ICHNOFOSSIL-RICH DINOSAUR NESTING LOCALITY, UPPER CRETACEOUS TWO MEDICINE FORMATION, MONTANA, USA
Revisiting Russell’s troodontid: autecology, physiology, and speculative tool use 1
Baby tyrannosaurid bones and teeth from the Late Cretaceous of western North America 1
Horseshoe crab trace fossils from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation of Montana, USA, and a brief review of the xiphosurid ichnological record
A new terrestrial trace fossil Feoichnus martini n. isp. from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation (USA)
Testing size–frequency distributions as a method of ontogenetic aging: a life-history assessment of hadrosaurid dinosaurs from the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada, with implications for hadrosaurid paleoecology
TRACKING AUTHIGENIC MINERAL CEMENTS IN FOSSIL BONES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS (CAMPANIAN) TWO MEDICINE AND JUDITH RIVER FORMATIONS, MONTANA
Maiasaura , a model organism for extinct vertebrate population biology: a large sample statistical assessment of growth dynamics and survivorship
A THEROPOD NESTING TRACE WITH EGGS FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS (CAMPANIAN) TWO MEDICINE FORMATION OF MONTANA
Porosity and water vapor conductance of two Troodon formosus eggs: an assessment of incubation strategy in a maniraptoran dinosaur
The skull and appendicular skeleton of Gryposaurus latidens , a saurolophine hadrosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the early Campanian (Cretaceous) of Montana, USA
RECONSTRUCTING PALEOCATCHMENTS BY INTEGRATING STABLE ISOTOPE RECORDS, SEDIMENTOLOGY, AND TAPHONOMY: A LATE CRETACEOUS CASE STUDY (MONTANA, UNITED STATES)
TAPHONOMY OF A JUVENILE LAMBEOSAURINE BONEBED FROM THE TWO MEDICINE FORMATION (CAMPANIAN) OF MONTANA, UNITED STATES
The Campanian Manson impact structure of Iowa represents the best-preserved, large-diameter complex crater within the continental United States. The related bolide struck from the southeast at a low angle, potentially distributing ejecta downrange to the northwest across the Western Interior Cretaceous Seaway. Here, we (1) examine possible correlation of Manson impact horizons across the Cretaceous seaway to terrestrial formations of Montana, and (2) test a large hadrosaur bone bed from the Two Medicine Formation for evidence indicative of the Manson impact. The study includes geochronology; palynomorph, soot, and geochemical analyses; and physical searches for impact ejecta. The impact ejecta–bearing Crow Creek Member of the marine Pierre Shale can be correlated to the SB2 discontinuity in the Judith River and Two Medicine Formations of Montana based on radiometric dates, ammonite zonation, and an association with the onset of the Bearpaw transgression. A 40 Ar/ 39 Ar analysis of an associated bentonite bed dates the hadrosaur bone bed (TM-003) to 75.92 ± 0.32 Ma referenced to MMhb-1 at 523.1 Ma. This bentonite and associated lacustrine units suggest a potential correlation with the SB2 and the Crow Creek Member. However, our examination of the bone bed produced no definitive impact evidence. The combined analyses did reveal three unusual aspects: (1) an abundance of Ulmoideipites sp., (2) a high soot content, and (3) elemental and mineralogical changes suggestive of distinct geochemical units. A major wildfire followed by a postcatastrophe bloom dominated by Ulmoideipites sp. likely preceded the eventual debris flow that generated the bone bed. The SB2 discontinuity and the 33n.3r magnetic subzone represent traceable stratigraphic markers that could serve as guides in future exploration for Manson impact evidence in terrestrial formations west of the seaway.
USING LASER ABLATION-INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY (LA-ICP-MS) TO EXPLORE GEOCHEMICAL TAPHONOMY OF VERTEBRATE FOSSILS IN THE UPPER CRETACEOUS TWO MEDICINE AND JUDITH RIVER FORMATIONS OF MONTANA
Hadrosaurid migration: inferences based on stable isotope comparisons among Late Cretaceous dinosaur localities
THE PALEOBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF HERBIVOROUS DINOSAUR COPROLITES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS TWO MEDICINE FORMATION OF MONTANA: WHY EAT WOOD?
A sub–Middle Jurassic unconformity is exhumed at Swift Reservoir, in the Rocky Mountain fold-and-thrust belt of Montana. The unconformity separates late Mississippian Sun River Dolomite of the Madison Group (ca. 340 Ma) from the transgressive basal sandstone of the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Bathonian) Sawtooth Formation (ca. 170 Ma). North-northwest–trending, karst-widened fractures (grikes) filled with cherty and phosphatic sandstone and conglomerate of the basal Sawtooth Formation penetrate the Madison Group for 4 m below the unconformity. The fractures link into sandstone-filled cavities along bedding planes. Clam borings, filled with fine-grained Sawtooth sandstone, pepper the unconformity surface and some of the fracture walls. Sandstone-filled clam borings also perforate rounded clasts of Mississippian limestone that lie on the surface of the unconformity within basal Sawtooth conglomerate. After deposition of the overlying foreland basin clastic wedge, the grikes were stylolitized by layer-parallel shortening and then buckled over fault-propagation anticlinal crests in the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene fold-and-thrust belt. We propose that the grikes record uplift and erosion followed by subsidence as the Rocky Mountain foreland experienced elastic flexure in response to tectonic loading at the plate boundary farther to the west during the Middle Jurassic. The forebulge opened strike-parallel fractures in the Madison Group that were then karstified. The sandstone-filled karst system contributes secondary porosity and permeability to the upper Madison Group, which is a major petroleum reservoir in the region. The recognition of the fractures as pre–Middle Jurassic revises previous models that have related them to Cretaceous or Paleocene fracturing over the crests of fault-propagation folds in the fold-and-thrust belt, substantially changing our understanding of the hydrocarbon system.