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GeoRef Categories
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tundra
Determination of Ground Subsidence Around Snow Fences in the Arctic Region Open Access
Climate of the Last Glacial Maximum on the western Olympic Peninsula based on insect paleoecology, palynology, and glacial geology Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT Climate during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) varied substantially across North America, strongly influencing changes in plant and animal distributions and causing variations in the timing and relative magnitude of ice expansion and recession. The Olympic Peninsula is a mountainous maritime terrain in northwestern Washington, where the climate today is most strongly influenced by Pacific weather systems. However, what about during the LGM, when ice sheets covered most of northern North America? Fossil beetle assemblages of LGM age contain species that currently inhabit riparian and lacustrine habitats in the boreal zone of Canada and Alaska, and in higher elevations in the Cascades and Rocky Mountains. They include three Olophrum species that today are unknown from the Olympic Peninsula. Olophrum consimile is especially well represented, and its occurrence today above 1000 m elevation in the Cascades of northern Washington State indicates summers during the LGM would have been at least 4 °C cooler than today. The absence of wood-boring beetles, in contrast to assemblages from deposits correlating with marine isotope stage (MIS) 3, supports an open rather than a forested landscape. The insect fossils also include an undescribed species of a blind trechine ground beetle, likely endemic to the Pacific Northwest with biogeographic affinities to Asia. Pollen and plant macrofossil evidence for a Sitka spruce and mountain hemlock parkland with similarities to the vegetation of modern southeast Alaska also supports an interpretation of a climate with summer temperatures ~4 °C cooler than today. Both the vegetation and the insects provide evidence that the climate was wet with persistent snow cover and not as dry as has been reported from the Puget Lowland to the east. Glacial geology provides evidence that during the colder climate of the LGM, mountain glaciers advanced down the western valleys of the Olympic Peninsula to the lowlands but not as far as they had extended during MIS 3. The amount of climatic cooling on the Olympic Peninsula during the LGM was less than at similar latitudes in midcontinental or eastern North America, indicating a strong modulation of climate by the Pacific Ocean.
A Borehole Record of Late Quaternary Permafrost on Kurungnakh Island (Lena Delta, Northeastern Siberia): Reconstruction of Deposition Environments Available to Purchase
A study of trace elements in plants of the Polar Urals and Chukotka in the search for metallophyte hyperaccumulators Available to Purchase
A Hybrid Reduced-Order Model of Fine-Resolution Hydrologic Simulations at a Polygonal Tundra Site Available to Purchase
Geophysical estimation of shallow permafrost distribution and properties in an ice-wedge polygon-dominated Arctic tundra region Available to Purchase
Contrasting changes in surface waters and barrens over the past 60 years for a subarctic forest–tundra site in northern Manitoba based on remote sensing imagery Available to Purchase
The Impact of Snow Accumulation on the Active Layer Thermal Regime in High Arctic Soils Available to Purchase
Factors influencing permafrost temperatures across tree line in the uplands east of the Mackenzie Delta, 2004-2010 Available to Purchase
Palynological study of Lake Kotokel’ bottom sediments ( Lake Baikal region ) Available to Purchase
Seismic in arctic environs : Meeting the challenge Available to Purchase
Holocene and Last Interglacial cloudiness in eastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada This article is one of a series of papers published in this Special Issue on the theme Polar Climate Stability Network . GEOTOP Publication 2008-0027. Available to Purchase
Unique Quaternary environment for discoveries of woolly rhinoceroses in Starunia, fore-Carpathian region, Ukraine: Geochemical and geoelectric studies Available to Purchase
Cessation of ice-wedge development during the 20th century in spruce forests of eastern Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada Available to Purchase
Active-Layer Hydrology in Nonsorted Circle Ecosystems of the Arctic Tundra All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Available to Purchase
Climate warming and active layer thaw in the boreal and tundra environments of the Mackenzie Valley 1 Available to Purchase
Foreword Available to Purchase
A diverse late-glacial (Mackinaw Phase) biota from Leamington, Ontario Available to Purchase
Tundra environments in the Neogene Sirius Group, Antarctica: evidence from the geological record and coupled atmosphere–vegetation models Available to Purchase
Paleoecology of a late Pleistocene wetland and associated mastodon remains in the Hudson Valley, southeastern New York State Available to Purchase
Late Quaternary history and paleoecology of a small oxbow wetland on glaciated terrain were investigated using sediment lithology (cores, bulk samples, backhoedug trenches), ground-penetrating radar, vascular plant and moss macrofossil stratigraphies, and accelerator mass spectrometric radiocarbon dating. A nearly complete mastodon skeleton was recovered from late Pleistocene detrital peat and peaty marl near the top of the sediment sequence. Sedimentation in the basin began with silt and clay over dense cobble outwash transported southward from the nearby Hyde Park Moraine. Overbank sediment deposition occurred between ∼13,000 and 12,220 yr B.P. during a period of tundra vegetation, which ended with a sharp rise in spruce needle abundance and a shift to autochthonous marl and finally peat deposition. Fossils of aquatic and wetland plants began to accumulate before the tundra-spruce transition and increased after it. Rich fen wetland began to infill the pond with peat, while the upland supported open white spruce and later white spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest. The mastodon, 11,480 ± 40 radiocarbon years old, was contemporaneous with spruce–balsam fir–tamarack forest and rich fen wetland. Many mastodon bones were articulated or nearly so, indicating that the animal died in the basin and that postmortem bone dispersal was slight.