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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Namibe Angola (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
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Djibouti (1)
-
Ethiopia
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Fantale (1)
-
-
Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (7)
-
Mount Kenya (1)
-
-
Tanzania
-
Kilimanjaro (1)
-
-
-
East African Lakes
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Lake Baringo (1)
-
-
East African Rift (3)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
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Ahaggar (1)
-
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Egypt
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Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
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Cape Province region (2)
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Transvaal region (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
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Adamawa (1)
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Cameroon (3)
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Niger (1)
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Nigeria (2)
-
-
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Antarctica
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Amundsen Sea (1)
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Antarctic ice sheet
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West Antarctic ice sheet (3)
-
-
East Antarctica (1)
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Ellsworth Land (2)
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Marie Byrd Land (3)
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Ross Island (1)
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South Shetland Islands
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Deception Island (1)
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King George Island (1)
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Victoria Land (1)
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West Antarctica (2)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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East Greenland (1)
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Ilimaussaq (1)
-
-
-
Asia
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Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Arabian Peninsula
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Oman (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal rift zone (1)
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
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Balkhash region (1)
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Chu-Ili Mountains (1)
-
Eastern Kazakhstan
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Chingis-Tau (1)
-
-
Karaganda Kazakhstan
-
Akchatau Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
Pavlodar Kazakhstan
-
Boshchekul Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
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Pamirs (1)
-
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Far East
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China
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Anhui China (1)
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Da Hinggan Ling (1)
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Dabie Mountains (1)
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Henan China (1)
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Liaohe Basin (1)
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North China Platform (1)
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Qinghai China (1)
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Qinling Mountains (1)
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Xizang China
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Lhasa Block (2)
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-
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Japan
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Honshu
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Shimane Japan (1)
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Korea
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South Korea (1)
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Mongolia (1)
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Himalayas
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Lesser Himalayas (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Maharashtra India
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Mumbai India (1)
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Northeastern India
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Meghalaya India (1)
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Singhbhum shear zone (1)
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Tamil Nadu India (1)
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Indian Shield (1)
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Nepal (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (3)
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Middle East
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Cyprus (1)
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Iran (1)
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Turkey
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Lake Van (1)
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-
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Qiangtang Terrane (1)
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Sayan
-
Eastern Sayan (1)
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Siberia (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
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Yenisei Ridge (3)
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Tajikistan (1)
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Tarbagatay Range (1)
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Tibetan Plateau (2)
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Tien Shan
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Chu-Ili Mountains (1)
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Karatau Range (1)
-
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
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Western Transbaikalia (2)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
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North Sea (1)
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South Atlantic (1)
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-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Azores
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Faial Island (1)
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Sao Miguel Island
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Agua de Pau (1)
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Canary Islands
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Hierro (1)
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Tenerife (1)
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Faeroe Islands (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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New South Wales Australia
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Nandewar Mountains (1)
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Northparkes Mine (1)
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Northern Territory Australia (1)
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Western Australia
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Pilbara Craton (1)
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Yilgarn Craton (1)
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-
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New Zealand
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Westland New Zealand (1)
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-
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Broken Ridge (1)
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Cameroon Line (2)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Kirkland Lake Ontario (2)
-
-
-
Quebec
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Gatineau County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
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Alberta (3)
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British Columbia (6)
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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Yukon Territory (1)
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kazakhstan
-
Balkhash region (1)
-
Chu-Ili Mountains (1)
-
Eastern Kazakhstan
-
Chingis-Tau (1)
-
-
Karaganda Kazakhstan
-
Akchatau Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
Pavlodar Kazakhstan
-
Boshchekul Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Baikal rift zone (1)
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (3)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
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Aldan Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (3)
-
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Transbaikalia (2)
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Tuva Russian Federation (1)
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Verkhoyansk region (1)
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Western Transbaikalia (2)
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Tajikistan (1)
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Copperbelt (1)
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Crazy Mountains (2)
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Drake Passage (1)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Easter Island (1)
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Hawaii
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Maui County Hawaii
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Maui (1)
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-
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Bohemian Massif (2)
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Czech Republic
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Czech Erzgebirge (1)
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Erzgebirge
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Czech Erzgebirge (1)
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Fichtelgebirge (1)
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Germany
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Baden-Wurttemberg Germany
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Katzenbuckel (1)
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Hesse Germany
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Wetterau (1)
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-
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Poland
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Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
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Slovakia (2)
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Sudeten Mountains
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Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
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Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
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Upper Rhine Graben (1)
-
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Fennoscandia (1)
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Karelia Russian Federation (1)
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Lake Ladoga region (1)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Lovozero Massif (1)
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Southern Europe
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Greece
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Greek Macedonia
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Chalkidiki (1)
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-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
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Basque Provinces Spain
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Guipuzcoa Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Apennines
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Monte Amiata (1)
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-
Basilicata Italy
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Potenza Italy (1)
-
-
Campania Italy
-
Naples Italy
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Ischia (4)
-
Pozzuoli Italy (1)
-
-
Phlegraean Fields (9)
-
Vesuvius (2)
-
-
Sicily Italy
-
Pantelleria (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Monte Amiata (1)
-
-
Veneto Italy
-
Euganean Hills (3)
-
-
-
Macedonia
-
Greek Macedonia
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Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
-
-
Variscides (2)
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Ardeche France (1)
-
Cantal France
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Cantal Massif (1)
-
-
Central Massif
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Cantal Massif (1)
-
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Esterel (1)
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Provence (1)
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Puy-de-Dome France (3)
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Var France (1)
-
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North Pyrenean Fault (1)
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Scandinavia
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Denmark (1)
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Sweden
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Norrbotten Sweden
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Kiruna Sweden (1)
-
-
-
-
United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England (1)
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Scotland
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East Lothian Scotland (1)
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Firth of Clyde (1)
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Highland region Scotland
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Sutherland Scotland
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Assynt (1)
-
-
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Moine thrust zone (1)
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Scottish Highlands
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Scottish Northern Highlands (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Franklin Mountains (1)
-
Great Rift Valley (1)
-
Green Mountains (1)
-
Indian Ocean
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Agulhas Bank (1)
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Red Sea (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
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Kerguelen Islands (1)
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Mascarene Islands
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Reunion
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Piton des Neiges (1)
-
-
-
-
International Ocean Discovery Program (1)
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Kerguelen Plateau (1)
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Mediterranean Sea
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Gulf of Pozzuoli (1)
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Strait of Sicily (2)
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West Mediterranean (1)
-
-
Mexico
-
Zacatecas Mexico (1)
-
-
Midland Valley (1)
-
North America
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Appalachians (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (2)
-
-
-
Champlain Valley (1)
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Disturbed Belt (1)
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Grenville Front (1)
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Humber Zone (1)
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North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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Southern Rocky Mountains (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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San Juan Mountains (1)
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Wet Mountains (1)
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-
-
Rocky Mountains foreland (1)
-
-
Oceania
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Polynesia
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French Polynesia
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Society Islands
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Tahiti (1)
-
-
-
Hawaii
-
Maui County Hawaii
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Maui (1)
-
-
-
Pitcairn Island (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
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Cocos Ridge (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
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Clarion fracture zone (2)
-
-
Southeast Pacific (1)
-
-
North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Clarion fracture zone (2)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
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Japan Sea (2)
-
-
-
South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific (1)
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Southwest Pacific
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Campbell Plateau (1)
-
-
-
West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Japan Sea (2)
-
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Southwest Pacific
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Campbell Plateau (1)
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-
-
-
Scotia Sea Islands
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South Shetland Islands
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Deception Island (1)
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King George Island (1)
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-
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South America
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Brazil
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Rio de Janeiro Brazil (1)
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Serra do Mar (1)
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Chile (1)
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Peru (1)
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South Island (1)
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Southern Ocean
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Prydz Bay (1)
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Ross Sea
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Weddell Sea (1)
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United States
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Alaska (1)
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California
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Mono County California
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Long Valley Caldera (1)
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Colorado
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Hawaii
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Maine (1)
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Montana
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Nevada (1)
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New Mexico
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Texas
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Trans-Pecos (6)
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commodities
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mineral deposits, genesis (7)
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oil and gas fields (1)
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elements, isotopes
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chemical elements (1)
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chemical ratios (1)
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halogens
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hydrogen
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deuterium (1)
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incompatible elements (1)
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isotope ratios (32)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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deuterium (1)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (2)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (25)
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large-ion lithophile elements (1)
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Lu/Hf (1)
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metals
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rubidium
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sodium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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magnesium (2)
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strontium
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (25)
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hafnium
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
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iron
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ferric iron (1)
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ferrous iron (1)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
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niobium (2)
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rare earths
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dysprosium (1)
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europium (1)
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
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noble gases (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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sulfur
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fossils
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Rodentia (1)
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Graptolithina (1)
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Invertebrata
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Pterobranchia (1)
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essexite (3)
-
gabbros
-
alkali gabbros
-
teschenite (1)
-
-
-
granites
-
alkali granites (4)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (3)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
microgranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (2)
-
ijolite (2)
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres
-
camptonite (1)
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (1)
-
vogesite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (1)
-
monzonites (2)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
quartz monzonite (2)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (2)
-
foyaite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (2)
-
shonkinite (1)
-
syenite porphyry (2)
-
-
syenodiorite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
porphyry
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (9)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (6)
-
mugearite (5)
-
trachybasalts (11)
-
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
-
ocean-island basalts (2)
-
shoshonite (3)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
tholeiitic basalt (3)
-
-
basanite
-
ankaramite (3)
-
-
benmoreite (6)
-
dacites (5)
-
glasses
-
palagonite (1)
-
pitchstone (1)
-
volcanic glass (1)
-
-
komatiite (1)
-
latite (5)
-
leucitite (2)
-
nephelinite (2)
-
phonolites
-
tinguaite (2)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
ignimbrite (11)
-
pumice (2)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (8)
-
welded tuff (2)
-
-
rhyodacites (5)
-
rhyolites
-
comendite (4)
-
pantellerite (6)
-
-
tephrite (4)
-
trachyandesites (10)
-
trachytes (195)
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
volcanic ash (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (2)
-
eclogite (1)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
orthogneiss (2)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
granulites (1)
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks (3)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (1)
-
paragneiss (2)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
propylite (1)
-
skarn (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (5)
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
Northwest Africa Meteorites (1)
-
stony meteorites
-
achondrites
-
Martian meteorites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (1)
-
aragonite (1)
-
calcite (1)
-
cancrinite (1)
-
dolomite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
eudialyte (1)
-
-
-
minerals (8)
-
oxides
-
armalcolite (1)
-
baddeleyite (1)
-
goethite (1)
-
hematite (1)
-
hollandite (1)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
iron oxides (2)
-
magnetite (3)
-
niobates
-
pyrochlore (2)
-
-
pyrophanite (1)
-
spinel (1)
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
titanomagnetite (3)
-
ulvospinel (1)
-
zirconolite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (5)
-
britholite (3)
-
fluorapatite (2)
-
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
aenigmatite (4)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (1)
-
arfvedsonite (2)
-
hornblende (1)
-
kaersutite (1)
-
richterite (1)
-
riebeckite (2)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (4)
-
augite (4)
-
diopside (2)
-
hedenbergite (2)
-
jadeite (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene (1)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
cancrinite (1)
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
anorthoclase (1)
-
K-feldspar (2)
-
orthoclase (2)
-
sanidine (6)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (3)
-
anorthite (1)
-
-
-
leucite (1)
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (2)
-
-
silica minerals
-
jasper (1)
-
quartz (4)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (5)
-
chabazite (1)
-
phillipsite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
britholite group
-
britholite (3)
-
-
garnet group (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (1)
-
olivine (5)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (19)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
chevkinite group
-
chevkinite (1)
-
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
-
thortveitite group
-
yttrialite (1)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
eudialyte (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (1)
-
-
clay minerals
-
smectite (1)
-
-
mica group
-
annite (1)
-
biotite (10)
-
muscovite (2)
-
phengite (1)
-
phlogopite (3)
-
-
sericite (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (1)
-
barite (2)
-
celestine (1)
-
jarosite (1)
-
voltaite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
pyrite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (54)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
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Namibe Angola (1)
-
-
-
East Africa
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Djibouti (1)
-
Ethiopia
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Fantale (1)
-
-
Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (7)
-
Mount Kenya (1)
-
-
Tanzania
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Kilimanjaro (1)
-
-
-
East African Lakes
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Lake Baringo (1)
-
-
East African Rift (3)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria
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Ahaggar (1)
-
-
Egypt
-
Eastern Desert (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (1)
-
Cape Province region (2)
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Adamawa (1)
-
Cameroon (3)
-
Niger (1)
-
Nigeria (2)
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Amundsen Sea (1)
-
Antarctic ice sheet
-
West Antarctic ice sheet (3)
-
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
Ellsworth Land (2)
-
Marie Byrd Land (3)
-
Ross Island (1)
-
South Shetland Islands
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Deception Island (1)
-
King George Island (1)
-
-
Victoria Land (1)
-
West Antarctica (2)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
East Greenland (1)
-
Ilimaussaq (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai-Sayan region (1)
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Oman (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
Baikal rift zone (1)
-
Buryat Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Balkhash region (1)
-
Chu-Ili Mountains (1)
-
Eastern Kazakhstan
-
Chingis-Tau (1)
-
-
Karaganda Kazakhstan
-
Akchatau Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
Kokchetav Kazakhstan
-
Kokchetav Massif (1)
-
-
Pavlodar Kazakhstan
-
Boshchekul Kazakhstan (1)
-
-
-
Pamirs (1)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Anhui China (1)
-
Da Hinggan Ling (1)
-
Dabie Mountains (1)
-
Henan China (1)
-
Liaohe Basin (1)
-
North China Platform (1)
-
Qinghai China (1)
-
Qinling Mountains (1)
-
Xizang China
-
Lhasa Block (2)
-
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Shimane Japan (1)
-
-
-
Korea
-
South Korea (1)
-
-
Mongolia (1)
-
-
Himalayas
-
Lesser Himalayas (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Maharashtra India
-
Mumbai India (1)
-
-
Northeastern India
-
Meghalaya India (1)
-
-
Singhbhum shear zone (1)
-
Tamil Nadu India (1)
-
-
Indian Shield (1)
-
Nepal (1)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation (3)
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
Iran (1)
-
Turkey
-
Lake Van (1)
-
-
-
Qiangtang Terrane (1)
-
Sayan
-
Eastern Sayan (1)
-
-
Siberia (1)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (3)
-
-
Tajikistan (1)
-
Tarbagatay Range (1)
-
Tibetan Plateau (2)
-
Tien Shan
-
Chu-Ili Mountains (1)
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
-
Transbaikalia (2)
-
Tuva Russian Federation (1)
-
Verkhoyansk region (1)
-
Western Transbaikalia (2)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
North Sea (1)
-
-
South Atlantic (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Azores
-
Faial Island (1)
-
Sao Miguel Island
-
Agua de Pau (1)
-
-
-
Canary Islands
-
Hierro (1)
-
Tenerife (1)
-
-
Faeroe Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Arunta Block (1)
-
New South Wales Australia
-
Nandewar Mountains (1)
-
Northparkes Mine (1)
-
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Western Australia
-
Pilbara Craton (1)
-
Yilgarn Craton (1)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Westland New Zealand (1)
-
-
-
bitumens (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Kirkland Lake Ontario (2)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Gatineau County Quebec (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta (3)
-
British Columbia (6)
-
Canadian Cordillera (1)
-
Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Yukon Territory (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
C-14 (2)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
lower Holocene (1)
-
upper Holocene
-
Roman period (1)
-
-
-
Pleistocene
-
Matuyama Chron (1)
-
upper Pleistocene (4)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
lower Miocene (2)
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Turolian (1)
-
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
upper Eocene (3)
-
-
Oligocene (9)
-
Paleocene
-
upper Paleocene (1)
-
-
-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic (2)
-
-
chemical analysis (1)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Tetrapoda
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Perissodactyla
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Hipparion (1)
-
-
-
-
Rodentia (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (2)
-
construction materials
-
building stone (2)
-
-
continental drift (1)
-
continental shelf (1)
-
crust (18)
-
crystal chemistry (6)
-
crystal growth (1)
-
crystal structure (2)
-
Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
Leg 28 (1)
-
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Easter Island (1)
-
Galapagos Islands (1)
-
Hawaii
-
Maui County Hawaii
-
Maui (1)
-
-
-
-
economic geology (3)
-
electron microscopy (1)
-
Europe
-
Central Europe
-
Bohemian Massif (2)
-
Czech Republic
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Erzgebirge
-
Czech Erzgebirge (1)
-
-
Fichtelgebirge (1)
-
Germany
-
Baden-Wurttemberg Germany
-
Katzenbuckel (1)
-
-
Hesse Germany
-
Wetterau (1)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Slovakia (2)
-
Sudeten Mountains
-
Czech Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
Polish Sudeten Mountains (1)
-
-
Upper Rhine Graben (1)
-
-
Fennoscandia (1)
-
Karelia Russian Federation (1)
-
Lake Ladoga region (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Southern Europe
-
Greece
-
Greek Macedonia
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Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Basque Provinces Spain
-
Guipuzcoa Spain (1)
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Apennines
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Monte Amiata (1)
-
-
Basilicata Italy
-
Potenza Italy (1)
-
-
Campania Italy
-
Naples Italy
-
Ischia (4)
-
Pozzuoli Italy (1)
-
-
Phlegraean Fields (9)
-
Vesuvius (2)
-
-
Sicily Italy
-
Pantelleria (1)
-
-
Tuscany Italy
-
Monte Amiata (1)
-
-
Veneto Italy
-
Euganean Hills (3)
-
-
-
Macedonia
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Greek Macedonia
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Chalkidiki (1)
-
-
-
-
Variscides (2)
-
Western Europe
-
France
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Ardeche France (1)
-
Cantal France
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Cantal Massif (1)
-
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Central Massif
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Cantal Massif (1)
-
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Esterel (1)
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Provence (1)
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Puy-de-Dome France (3)
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Var France (1)
-
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North Pyrenean Fault (1)
-
Scandinavia
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Denmark (1)
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Sweden
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Norrbotten Sweden
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Kiruna Sweden (1)
-
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
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England (1)
-
Scotland
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East Lothian Scotland (1)
-
Firth of Clyde (1)
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Sutherland Scotland
-
Assynt (1)
-
-
-
Moine thrust zone (1)
-
Scottish Highlands
-
Scottish Northern Highlands (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
faults (13)
-
folds (3)
-
fractures (4)
-
geochemistry (55)
-
geochronology (9)
-
geomorphology (3)
-
geophysical methods (2)
-
glacial geology (1)
-
Graptolithina (1)
-
ground water (1)
-
heat flow (1)
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (8)
-
feldspathoid rocks (3)
-
hypabyssal rocks (2)
-
kimberlite (2)
-
picrite (1)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites
-
plagiogranite (1)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
essexite (3)
-
gabbros
-
alkali gabbros
-
teschenite (1)
-
-
-
granites
-
alkali granites (4)
-
aplite (1)
-
A-type granites (3)
-
granite porphyry (1)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
microgranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (2)
-
ijolite (2)
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres
-
camptonite (1)
-
kersantite (1)
-
minette (1)
-
vogesite (1)
-
-
monzodiorite (1)
-
monzonites (2)
-
pegmatite (1)
-
quartz monzonite (2)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (2)
-
foyaite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (2)
-
shonkinite (1)
-
syenite porphyry (2)
-
-
syenodiorite (1)
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite (1)
-
-
-
porphyry
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (9)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
hawaiite (6)
-
mugearite (5)
-
trachybasalts (11)
-
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (3)
-
ocean-island basalts (2)
-
shoshonite (3)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
tholeiitic basalt (3)
-
-
basanite
-
ankaramite (3)
-
-
benmoreite (6)
-
dacites (5)
-
glasses
-
palagonite (1)
-
pitchstone (1)
-
volcanic glass (1)
-
-
komatiite (1)
-
latite (5)
-
leucitite (2)
-
nephelinite (2)
-
phonolites
-
tinguaite (2)
-
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
ignimbrite (11)
-
pumice (2)
-
scoria (1)
-
tuff (8)
-
welded tuff (2)
-
-
rhyodacites (5)
-
rhyolites
-
comendite (4)
-
pantellerite (6)
-
-
tephrite (4)
-
trachyandesites (10)
-
trachytes (195)
-
vitrophyre (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (7)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Agulhas Bank (1)
-
Red Sea (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
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Kerguelen Islands (1)
-
Mascarene Islands
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Reunion
-
Piton des Neiges (1)
-
-
-
-
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
-
Expedition 318 (1)
-
-
intrusions (37)
-
Invertebrata
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Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (1)
-
-
Protista
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Radiolaria (1)
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Silicoflagellata (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (2)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (1)
-
D/H (1)
-
deuterium (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (18)
-
O-18/O-16 (7)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (25)
-
-
-
lava (32)
-
magmas (81)
-
mantle (21)
-
maps (2)
-
Mediterranean Sea
-
Gulf of Pozzuoli (1)
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Strait of Sicily (2)
-
West Mediterranean (1)
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Blairmore Group (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous (6)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Middle Jurassic
-
Bathonian (1)
-
-
Upper Jurassic (1)
-
-
Triassic
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
trachytes
Cretaceous magmatism in the northern Lhasa Terrane: Implications for the tectonic evolution and crustal growth tempos of central Tibet Available to Purchase
A late Eocene lamprophyre-carbonatite association in the SE Tibetan Plateau: Rapid basalt-induced H 2 O-saturated partial melting of the upper crust Open Access
Impact of slab tearing along the Yadong-Gulu rift on Miocene alkaline volcanism from the Lhasa terrane to the Himalayas, southern Tibet Available to Purchase
A RECENTLY DISCOVERED TRACHYTE-HOSTED RARE EARTH ELEMENT-NIOBIUM-ZIRCONIUM OCCURRENCE IN NORTHERN MAINE, USA Open Access
Emplacement dynamics of a crystal-rich, highly viscous trachytic flow of the Sancy stratovolcano, France Available to Purchase
Carbon flux and alkaline volcanism: Evidence from carbonatite-like carbonate minerals in trachytes, Ulleung Island, South Korea Available to Purchase
Reworking of Yangtze crust into the mantle lithosphere of the North China Craton along the Dabie–East Qinling Orogen: Evidence from the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks Available to Purchase
Volcano-pluton connections at the Lake City magmatic center (Colorado, USA) Open Access
Zircon geochronological and geochemical insights into pluton building and volcanic-hypabyssal-plutonic connections: Oki-Dōzen, Sea of Japan—A complex intraplate alkaline volcano Available to Purchase
The effect of halogens (F, Cl) on the near-liquidus crystallinity of a hydrous trachyte melt Available to Purchase
Tibetan Plateau growth linked to crustal thermal transitions since the Miocene Available to Purchase
Triassic trachytic volcanism in the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean: geochemical and geochronological constraints on a continental rifting event Open Access
Volcanic processes and magmatic evolution of Tianchi volcano, Changbaishan Available to Purchase
Abstract The Changbaishan volcanic field located on the Gaima (Gaema, Gaiman) Plateau has witnessed plateau-forming eruptions along with the uplift of the Gaima Plateau. The Tianchi basaltic lava shield volcano was formed at the main peak of Changbaishan, with cone construction eruptions that formed a huge and steep trachytic composite cone on the gentle lava shield. At the peak of the Millennium Eruption (ME), the height of the eruption column reached 25 km and the bulk volume of tephra was about 120 km 3 . The ME eventually formed Tianchi caldera, after which several eruptions occurred, albeit of a much smaller scale. The magmas involved in the shield-forming eruptions are characterized by both alkalic series trachybasalt and basaltic trachyandesite and subalkalic tholeiite and basaltic andesite. In the cone-construction and ignimbrite-forming eruption stages, the magma is completely composed of alkalic series trachyte and comendite. The largest negative Eu anomalies observed in ME magmas indicate that plagioclase was strongly crystallized and differentiated.
The Ludicovian of the Raahe–Ladoga Zone of the Fennoscandian Shield (Isotope-Geochemical Composition and Geodynamic Nature) Available to Purchase
Chapter 5.1a Northern Victoria Land: volcanology Available to Purchase
Abstract Neogene volcanism is widespread in northern Victoria Land, and is part of the McMurdo Volcanic Group. It is characterized by multiple coalesced shield volcanoes but includes a few relatively small stratovolcanoes. Two volcanic provinces are defined (Hallett and Melbourne), with nine constituent volcanic fields. Multitudes of tiny monogenetic volcanic centres (mainly scoria cones) are also scattered across the region and are called the Northern Local Suite. The volcanism extends in age between middle Miocene ( c. 15 Ma) and present but most is <10 Ma. Two centres may still be active (Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann). It is alkaline, varying between basalt (basanite) and trachyte/rhyolite. There are also associated, geographically restricted, alkaline gabbro to granite plutons and dykes (Meander Intrusive Group) with mainly Eocene–Oligocene ages (52–18 Ma). The isotopic compositions of the plutons have been used to infer overall cooling of climate during the Eocene–Oligocene. The volcanic sequences are overwhelmingly glaciovolcanic and are dominated by ‘a‘ā lava-fed deltas, the first to be described anywhere. They have been a major source of information on Mio-Pliocene glacial conditions and were used to establish that the thermal regime during glacial periods was polythermal, thus necessitating a change in the prevailing paradigm for ice-sheet evolution.
Chapter 5.4a Marie Byrd Land and Ellsworth Land: volcanology Open Access
Abstract Nineteen large (2348–4285 m above sea level) central polygenetic alkaline shield-like composite volcanoes and numerous smaller volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land (MBL) and western Ellsworth Land rise above the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and comprise the MBL Volcanic Group (MBLVG). Earliest MBLVG volcanism dates to the latest Eocene (36.6 Ma). Polygenetic volcanism began by the middle Miocene (13.4 Ma) and has continued into the Holocene without major interruptions, producing the central volcanoes with 24 large (2–10 km-diameter) summit calderas and abundant evidence for explosive eruptions in caldera-rim deposits. Rock lithofacies are dominated by basanite and trachyte/phonolite lava and breccia, deposited in both subaerial and ice-contact environments. The chronology of MBLVG volcanism is well constrained by 330 age analyses, including 52 new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages. A volcanic lithofacies record of glaciation provides evidence of local ice-cap glaciation at 29–27 Ma and of widespread WAIS glaciation by 9 Ma. Late Quaternary glaciovolcanic records document WAIS expansions that correlate to eustatic sea-level lowstands (MIS 16, 4 and 2): the WAIS was +500 m at 609 ka at coastal Mount Murphy, and +400 m at 64.7 ka, +400 m at 21.2 ka and +575 m at 17.5 ka at inland Mount Takahe.
Chapter 5.4b Marie Byrd Land and Ellsworth Land: petrology Available to Purchase
Abstract In Marie Byrd Land and Ellsworth Land 19 large polygenetic volcanoes and numerous smaller centres are exposed above the West Antarctic Ice Sheet along the northern flank of the West Antarctic Rift System. The Cenozoic (36.7 Ma to active) volcanism of the Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Group (MBLVG) encompasses the full spectrum of alkaline series compositions ranging from basalt to intermediate (e.g. mugearite, benmoreite) to phonolite, peralkaline trachyte, rhyolite and rare pantellerite. Differentiation from basalt is described by progressive fractional crystallization; however, to produce silica-oversaturated compositions two mechanisms are proposed: (1) polybaric fractionation with early-stage removal of amphibole at high pressures; and (2) assimilation–fractional crystallization to explain elevated 87 Sr/ 86 Sr i ratios. Most basalts are silica-undersaturated and enriched in incompatible trace elements (e.g. La/Yb N >10), indicating small degrees of partial melting of a garnet-bearing mantle. Mildly silica-undersaturated and rare silica-saturated basalts, including tholeiites, are less enriched (La/Yb N <10), a result of higher degrees of melting. Trace elements and isotopes (Sr, Nd, Pb) reveal a regional gradient explained by mixing between two mantle components, subduction-modified lithosphere and HIMU-like plume ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb >20) materials. Geophysical studies indicate a deep thermal anomaly beneath central Marie Byrd Land, suggesting a plume influence on volcanism and tectonism.
Chapter 6.1 Marine record of Antarctic volcanism from drill cores Available to Purchase
Abstract We review here data and information on Antarctic volcanism resulting from recent tephrostratigraphic investigations on marine cores. Records include deep drill cores recovered during oceanographic expeditions: DSDP, ODP and IODP drill cores recovered during ice-based and land-based international cooperative drilling programmes DVDP 15, MSSTS-1, CIROS-1 and CIROS-2, DVDP 15, CRP-1, CRP-2/2A and CRP-3, ANDRILL-MIS and ANDRILL-SMS, and shallow gravity and piston cores recovered in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic oceans. We report on the identification of visible volcaniclastic horizons and, in particular, of primary tephra within the marine sequences. Where available, the results of analyses carried out on these products are presented. The volcanic material identified differs in its nature, composition and emplacement mechanisms. It was derived from different sources on the Antarctic continent and was emplaced over a wide time span. Marine sediments contain a more complete record of the explosive activity from Antarctic volcanoes and are complementary to those obtained by land-based studies. This record provides important information for volcanological reconstructions including approximate intensities and magnitudes of eruptions, and their duration, age and recurrence, as well as their eruptive dynamics. In addition, characterized tephra layers represent an invaluable chronological tool essential in establishing correlations between different archives and in synchronizing climate records.
Chapter 7.4 Active volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land Available to Purchase
Abstract Two volcanoes in Marie Byrd Land, Mount Berlin and Mount Takahe, can be considered active, and a third, Mount Waesche, may be as well; although the chronology of activity is less well constrained. The records of explosive activity of these three volcanoes is well represented through deposits on the volcano flanks and tephra layers found in blue ice areas, as well as by the presence of cryptotephra layers found in West and East Antarctic ice cores. Records of effusive volcanism are found on the volcano flanks but some deposits may be obscured by pervasive glacerization of the edifices. Based on a compilation of tephra depths–ages in ice cores, the activity patterns of Mount Takahe and Mount Berlin are dramatically different. Mount Takahe has erupted infrequently over the past 100 kyr. Mount Berlin, by contrast, has erupted episodically during this time interval, with the number of eruptions being dramatically higher in the time interval between c. 32 and 18 ka. Integration of the Mount Berlin tephra record from ice cores and blue ice areas over a 500 kyr time span reveals a pattern of geochemical evolution related to small batches of partial melt being progressively removed from a single source underlying Mount Berlin.