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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
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Afar (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola (1)
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Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (9)
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Djibouti (1)
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Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (4)
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Hadar (6)
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Omo Ethiopia (1)
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Omo River (1)
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Omo Valley (2)
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Ethiopian Rift (3)
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Kenya
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East Turkana Basin (1)
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Fort Ternan Kenya (1)
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Kenya Rift valley (3)
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Turkana District (3)
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Lake Turkana (4)
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania
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Laetoli (4)
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Olduvai Gorge (16)
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Turkana Basin (8)
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Uganda (2)
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Zambia (1)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Turkana (4)
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East African Rift (6)
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Gregory Rift (1)
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Kalahari Desert (1)
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Limpopo Basin (1)
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Mozambique Belt (1)
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Namib Desert (1)
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Nile River (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (4)
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Atlas Mountains (1)
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Egypt
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Fayum Depression (1)
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Fayum Egypt (2)
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Libya
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Zelten Libya (1)
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Maghreb (1)
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Morocco (5)
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Tunisia (2)
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Western Sahara (2)
-
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Southern Africa
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Kalahari Craton (1)
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Karoo Basin (1)
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Namaqualand (1)
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Namibia (3)
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South Africa
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Cape fold belt (1)
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Gauteng South Africa
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Swartkrans Cave (1)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
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Limpopo South Africa (3)
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North-West Province South Africa (1)
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Vaal River (2)
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Western Cape Province South Africa
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Langebaanweg South Africa (4)
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Tibesti Massif (1)
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West Africa
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Chad (3)
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Zambezi Valley (1)
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Altiplano (2)
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Antarctica
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Arctic region
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Russian Arctic
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Svalbard
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Asia
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Far East
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China
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Edmonton Alberta (4)
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British Columbia
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Manitoba (2)
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Saskatchewan
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Russian Federation
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Ob River (1)
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Omsk Russian Federation (2)
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Russian Arctic
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Sverdlovsk Russian Federation
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Yekaterinburg Russian Federation (1)
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Tyumen Russian Federation
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Ukraine (2)
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Greece
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Greek Macedonia
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lower Tertiary (2)
-
middle Tertiary
-
Deseadan (4)
-
-
Neogene
-
Bone Valley Formation (4)
-
Etchegoin Formation (1)
-
Gilbert Chron (1)
-
Hazeva Formation (1)
-
Hemphillian (28)
-
Miocene
-
Aragonian (1)
-
Ash Hollow Formation (4)
-
Astoria Formation (1)
-
Barstovian (22)
-
Barstow Formation (1)
-
Calvert Formation (2)
-
Clarendonian (10)
-
Fleming Formation (4)
-
Honda Group (1)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (2)
-
Burdigalian (3)
-
Hemingfordian (14)
-
-
middle Miocene
-
Choptank Formation (1)
-
Helvetian (1)
-
Langhian (1)
-
-
Puerto Madryn Formation (1)
-
Pungo River Formation (1)
-
Saint Marys Formation (3)
-
Sarmatian (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Chinji Formation (1)
-
Messinian
-
Messinian Salinity Crisis (1)
-
-
Montesano Formation (1)
-
Pontian (2)
-
Tortonian (2)
-
Turolian (6)
-
-
Valentine Formation (6)
-
Vallesian (6)
-
Wood Mountain Formation (4)
-
Zia Formation (1)
-
-
Ogallala Formation (4)
-
Pliocene
-
Gauss Chron (1)
-
Goliad Sand (1)
-
Hadar Formation (7)
-
Laetolil Beds (1)
-
lower Pliocene
-
Zanclean (1)
-
-
middle Pliocene (5)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Piacenzian (2)
-
Rexroad Formation (3)
-
-
Yorktown Formation (2)
-
-
Purisima Formation (1)
-
Ringold Formation (1)
-
Salt Lake Formation (1)
-
Tesuque Formation (1)
-
upper Neogene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Chadron Formation (4)
-
Claron Formation (1)
-
Eocene
-
Baca Formation (2)
-
Bridger Formation (4)
-
Bridgerian (9)
-
Chuckanut Formation (1)
-
Clarno Formation (1)
-
Ghazij Formation (1)
-
Green River Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene
-
Wasatchian (16)
-
Willwood Formation (11)
-
Wind River Formation (3)
-
Ypresian
-
London Clay (1)
-
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Bartonian (4)
-
Lisbon Formation (1)
-
Lutetian (4)
-
Santee Limestone (1)
-
-
Nanjemoy Formation (1)
-
Subathu Formation (3)
-
Uintan (6)
-
upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (26)
-
Jackson Group (1)
-
La Meseta Formation (1)
-
Piney Point Formation (1)
-
Priabonian (2)
-
Tepee Trail Formation (2)
-
Uinta Formation (1)
-
-
-
Flagstaff Formation (1)
-
Hanna Formation (1)
-
lower Paleogene (1)
-
Ocala Group (1)
-
Oligocene
-
Bembridge Marls (1)
-
Brule Formation (10)
-
lower Oligocene
-
Rupelian (2)
-
Stampian (1)
-
-
middle Oligocene (3)
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
Vicksburg Group (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (7)
-
Puercan (13)
-
Torrejonian (12)
-
-
Ludlow Member (1)
-
middle Paleocene (3)
-
Nacimiento Formation (4)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (5)
-
Sentinel Butte Formation (1)
-
Tongue River Member (1)
-
Tullock Member (2)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Clarkforkian (2)
-
Tiffanian (16)
-
-
-
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (1)
-
Renova Formation (4)
-
upper Paleogene (1)
-
Wasatch Formation (8)
-
White River Group (6)
-
-
Sarmiento Formation (1)
-
upper Tertiary (2)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Chesapeake Group (2)
-
Karewa Group (1)
-
Villafranchian (9)
-
-
-
Laurentide ice sheet (3)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Comanchean
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
Paluxy Formation (1)
-
Trinity Group (1)
-
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (3)
-
Aptian (1)
-
Berriasian (1)
-
Blackleaf Formation (1)
-
Edwards Formation (1)
-
Paluxy Formation (1)
-
Trinity Group (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Belly River Formation (1)
-
Campanian (4)
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Eutaw Formation (1)
-
Gulfian
-
Aguja Formation (1)
-
Woodbine Formation (1)
-
-
Hell Creek Formation (1)
-
Kirtland Shale (1)
-
K-T boundary (7)
-
Lameta Formation (1)
-
Lance Formation (1)
-
Laramie Formation (1)
-
Maestrichtian (5)
-
Milk River Formation (6)
-
Ojo Alamo Sandstone (1)
-
Oldman Formation (5)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (9)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (1)
-
Lower Jurassic (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic (1)
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Molteno Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
MIS 3 (1)
-
MIS 5 (3)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian (1)
-
Devonian
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
Ordovician (1)
-
Permian (2)
-
-
Precambrian
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Archean (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (2)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Malmani Subgroup (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (1)
-
-
Vindhyan (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
-
basalts (4)
-
glasses
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volcanic glass (2)
-
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melilitite (1)
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nephelinite (1)
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phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (3)
-
pumice (4)
-
tuff (12)
-
tuffite (1)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
volcanic ash (5)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
-
impactites (1)
-
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
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calcite (3)
-
-
minerals (3)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (1)
-
-
oxides
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titanomagnetite (1)
-
-
phosphates
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apatite (7)
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hydroxylapatite (1)
-
struvite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
anorthoclase (2)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (1)
-
opal (1)
-
-
zeolite group (1)
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (4)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
smectite (1)
-
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfides (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (91)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola (1)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (9)
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Djibouti (1)
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Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (4)
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Hadar (6)
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Omo Ethiopia (1)
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Omo River (1)
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Omo Valley (2)
-
-
Ethiopian Rift (3)
-
Kenya
-
East Turkana Basin (1)
-
Fort Ternan Kenya (1)
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Kenya Rift valley (3)
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Turkana District (3)
-
-
Lake Turkana (4)
-
Sudan (1)
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Tanzania
-
Laetoli (4)
-
Olduvai Gorge (16)
-
-
Turkana Basin (8)
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Uganda (2)
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Zambia (1)
-
-
East African Lakes
-
Lake Turkana (4)
-
-
East African Rift (6)
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Gregory Rift (1)
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Kalahari Desert (1)
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Limpopo Basin (1)
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Nile River (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (4)
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Atlas Mountains (1)
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Egypt
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Fayum Depression (1)
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Fayum Egypt (2)
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Libya
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Zelten Libya (1)
-
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Maghreb (1)
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Morocco (5)
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Tunisia (2)
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Western Sahara (2)
-
-
Southern Africa
-
Kalahari Craton (1)
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Karoo Basin (1)
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Namaqualand (1)
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Namibia (3)
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South Africa
-
Cape fold belt (1)
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Gauteng South Africa
-
Swartkrans Cave (1)
-
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa (1)
-
Limpopo South Africa (3)
-
North-West Province South Africa (1)
-
Vaal River (2)
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Western Cape Province South Africa
-
Langebaanweg South Africa (4)
-
-
-
-
Tibesti Massif (1)
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West Africa
-
Chad (3)
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Senegal (1)
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Togo (1)
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Zambezi Valley (1)
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Antarctica
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Russian Arctic
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Wrangel Island (2)
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Svalbard
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Asia
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Altai Russian Federation (2)
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Arabian Peninsula
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Central Asia
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Far East
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China
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Indonesia
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Japan
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Lesser Sunda Islands
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Mongolia (8)
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Thailand
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Gobi Desert (2)
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Himalayas
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Indian Peninsula
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India (3)
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Ramnagar India (3)
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West Bengal India
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Bankura India (1)
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-
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Indo-Gangetic Plain (2)
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Jammu and Kashmir
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Kashmir (1)
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Nepal (2)
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Pakistan
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Baluchistan Pakistan (3)
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Punjab Pakistan
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Sulaiman Range (1)
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Potwar Plateau (2)
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Irkutsk Russian Federation (1)
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Irtysh River (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Middle East
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Ob River (1)
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Tyumen Russian Federation
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Yamal (1)
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Uzbekistan (2)
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West Siberia
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atmosphere (2)
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Australasia
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Australia
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New Zealand (2)
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bacteria (2)
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bibliography (1)
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biogeography (137)
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biography (4)
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Canada
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Arctic Archipelago (7)
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Maritime Provinces
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Ontario
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Quebec
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Hudson Bay Lowlands (2)
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Nunavut
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Ellesmere Island (11)
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Sverdrup Islands
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Axel Heiberg Island (1)
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
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Sverdrup Islands
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Axel Heiberg Island (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Calgary Alberta (8)
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Dinosaur Provincial Park (1)
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Red Deer River valley (1)
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British Columbia
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Canadian Rocky Mountains (1)
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Red Deer River (1)
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Saskatchewan
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Saskatoon Saskatchewan (2)
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Saskatchewan River (1)
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Yukon Territory
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-
-
-
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (54)
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C-14 (65)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Greater Antilles
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Hispaniola
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Dominican Republic (1)
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Jamaica (2)
-
-
-
-
-
catalogs (2)
-
Cenozoic
-
Blancan (17)
-
Glenns Ferry Formation (3)
-
Koobi Fora Formation (2)
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Omo Group (3)
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Quaternary
-
Clovis (2)
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Holocene
-
lower Holocene (9)
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Mesolithic (1)
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Middle Ages (1)
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middle Holocene (1)
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Neoglacial
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Little Ice Age (1)
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upper Holocene
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Little Ice Age (1)
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Roman period (1)
-
-
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Pleistocene
-
Champlain Sea (3)
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Gunz (1)
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Illinoian (1)
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Irvingtonian (4)
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Lake Agassiz (3)
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Lake Maumee (1)
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lower Pleistocene
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Calabrian (1)
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Gelasian (1)
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Olduvai Subchron (3)
-
-
Matuyama Chron (5)
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middle Pleistocene (12)
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Mindel (1)
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Peoria Loess (1)
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upper Pleistocene
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Ipswichian (2)
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Rancholabrean (5)
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Sangamonian (4)
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Sartanian (1)
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Tyrrhenian (1)
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Weichselian
-
upper Weichselian
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Allerod (1)
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Bolling (1)
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Younger Dryas (3)
-
-
-
Wisconsinan
-
middle Wisconsinan (2)
-
upper Wisconsinan
-
Fraser Glaciation (2)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Quaternary
-
Brunhes Chron (2)
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Zhoukoudian (1)
-
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Shungura Formation (3)
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Siwalik System (10)
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Stone Age
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Mesolithic (1)
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Paleolithic
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Acheulian (1)
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middle Paleolithic (1)
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upper Paleolithic (2)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikaree Group (3)
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Arikareean (12)
-
Catahoula Formation (1)
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Cypress Hills Formation (10)
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Florissant Lake Beds (2)
-
John Day Formation (6)
-
lower Tertiary (2)
-
middle Tertiary
-
Deseadan (4)
-
-
Neogene
-
Bone Valley Formation (4)
-
Etchegoin Formation (1)
-
Gilbert Chron (1)
-
Hazeva Formation (1)
-
Hemphillian (28)
-
Miocene
-
Aragonian (1)
-
Ash Hollow Formation (4)
-
Astoria Formation (1)
-
Barstovian (22)
-
Barstow Formation (1)
-
Calvert Formation (2)
-
Clarendonian (10)
-
Fleming Formation (4)
-
Honda Group (1)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (2)
-
Burdigalian (3)
-
Hemingfordian (14)
-
-
middle Miocene
-
Choptank Formation (1)
-
Helvetian (1)
-
Langhian (1)
-
-
Puerto Madryn Formation (1)
-
Pungo River Formation (1)
-
Saint Marys Formation (3)
-
Sarmatian (1)
-
upper Miocene
-
Chinji Formation (1)
-
Messinian
-
Messinian Salinity Crisis (1)
-
-
Montesano Formation (1)
-
Pontian (2)
-
Tortonian (2)
-
Turolian (6)
-
-
Valentine Formation (6)
-
Vallesian (6)
-
Wood Mountain Formation (4)
-
Zia Formation (1)
-
-
Ogallala Formation (4)
-
Pliocene
-
Gauss Chron (1)
-
Goliad Sand (1)
-
Hadar Formation (7)
-
Laetolil Beds (1)
-
lower Pliocene
-
Zanclean (1)
-
-
middle Pliocene (5)
-
upper Pliocene
-
Piacenzian (2)
-
Rexroad Formation (3)
-
-
Yorktown Formation (2)
-
-
Purisima Formation (1)
-
Ringold Formation (1)
-
Salt Lake Formation (1)
-
Tesuque Formation (1)
-
upper Neogene (2)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Chadron Formation (4)
-
Claron Formation (1)
-
Eocene
-
Baca Formation (2)
-
Bridger Formation (4)
-
Bridgerian (9)
-
Chuckanut Formation (1)
-
Clarno Formation (1)
-
Ghazij Formation (1)
-
Green River Formation (1)
-
lower Eocene
-
Wasatchian (16)
-
Willwood Formation (11)
-
Wind River Formation (3)
-
Ypresian
-
London Clay (1)
-
-
-
middle Eocene
-
Bartonian (4)
-
Lisbon Formation (1)
-
Lutetian (4)
-
Santee Limestone (1)
-
-
Nanjemoy Formation (1)
-
Subathu Formation (3)
-
Uintan (6)
-
upper Eocene
-
Chadronian (26)
-
Jackson Group (1)
-
La Meseta Formation (1)
-
Piney Point Formation (1)
-
Priabonian (2)
-
Tepee Trail Formation (2)
-
Uinta Formation (1)
-
-
-
Flagstaff Formation (1)
-
Hanna Formation (1)
-
lower Paleogene (1)
-
Ocala Group (1)
-
Oligocene
-
Bembridge Marls (1)
-
Brule Formation (10)
-
lower Oligocene
-
Rupelian (2)
-
Stampian (1)
-
-
middle Oligocene (3)
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
Vicksburg Group (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (7)
-
Puercan (13)
-
Torrejonian (12)
-
-
Ludlow Member (1)
-
middle Paleocene (3)
-
Nacimiento Formation (4)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (5)
-
Sentinel Butte Formation (1)
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Theria
Sivatupaia ramnagarensis and the origin of the subfamily Crocidurinae (Soricidae, Mammalia) Open Access
VERTEBRATE FOSSIL PERMINERALIZATION IN A SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC CONTEXT: CAPSULES OF EARLY DIAGENESIS FROM SHALLOW-MARINE SILICICLASTICS (EOCENE, EGYPT) Available to Purchase
Cenozoic climate change and the evolution of North American mammalian predator ecomorphology Open Access
Acahualinca, Nicaragua, a scientifically significant site of ancient human footprints in the New World Available to Purchase
Abstract Ancient human footprints have been known from Managua, Nicaragua, since the 1880s. The main footprint site, long preserved in the Acahualinca Tracks Museum (Huellas de Acahualinca), reveals hundreds of human footprints that represent a minimum of 12 clearly defined trackways and a trampled trail or path. Deer, opossum and bird tracks are also present at Acahualinca, and bison and tapir tracks have been documented from the nearby and stratigraphically equivalent El Recreo site. The age of the Acahualinca footprints is controversial, but the best current estimate is about 2–2.2 ka BP. The Acahualinca site is one of the most scientifically important human footprint sites known from the Holocene. It exhibits footprints that are very abundant, well-preserved, accessible for study and part of a large sample that demonstrates variation within a single population. The Acahualinca site has historical, cultural and archaeological importance in preserving at least two intervals of human occupation, that of the footprints and of the ceramics in much younger layers. Its significance to anthropology and palaeontology as a sub-fossil footprint locality is clear and the volcanological history of the area is intimately related to determining the age and the circumstances of footprint registration at Acahualinca. The Acahualinca footprints merit geoheritage status.
The geoheritage of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania: providing geological answers to human origin questions Available to Purchase
Abstract While Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, is most famous for its impressive and formative record of early human technology, Pleistocene fauna and hominin fossils, its geological record is equally important. At Olduvai, palaeoanthropologically significant sites are often preserved in primary context (not redeposited), and they can be contextualized within the palaeoenvironments in which the hominins lived. This has provided an exceptional opportunity to assess not only hominin evolutionary changes over time, but also to understand their adaptive behaviour including toolmaking, foraging and sociality. Abundant volcanic material from the nearby Ngorongoro Volcanic Highlands, interspersed within and between archaeology-bearing deposits, made Olduvai a target for some of the earliest applications of radiometric dating using the K/Ar system. Ultimately, the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating system has produced ages with exceptional precision. Early radiometric dating at Olduvai helped establish the antiquity of the hominin lineage, and early palaeomagnetic studies (and the ‘Olduvai event,’ the longest normal subchron within the reversed Matuyama Chron) were critical in establishing the importance of Olduvai in the field of geochronology. More recently, high-resolution palaeoclimate studies of the palaeolake that once occupied the Olduvai Basin have helped to reconstruct the palaeoenvironments encountered by hominin species. Over a century of geological research has secured Olduvai's status as an important site for geoheritage.